NR 507 WEEK 2 QUIZ QUESTIONS WITH
COMPELETE ANSWERS
Allergy: Type IV Cell-Mediated Response - Answer--Delayed
-Hypersensitivity reactions
-Principal cells: lymphocytes/macrophages
-Mediated by T-lymphocytes
-Does not use antibodies
-Localized contact dermatitis (Poison Ivy)
Innate immunity - Answer--Physical, mechanical, biochemical
-Nonspecific
-Ex: intact skin, GI movement, Eyelashes sweeping debris, mucous, tears, bile, normal
flora on skin, mouth, vagina, etc.
-Inflammatory response (immediate)
- Lymphocyte production (slow-acting, specific protection)
PRR (Pattern Recognition Receptor) - Answer-Receptors on the surface of WBCs that
identify 'self' or 'foreign'
PAMP - Answer-Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
DAMP - Answer-Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns
Phagocytosis - Answer-The PAMP/DAMP/PRR interaction that helps stimulate mast cell
degranulation and vascular response and the WBC response to inflammation
1) Recognition and adherence with the WBC to pathogen
2) Plasma protein (antibodies & compliment) coats foreign material=facilitates
adherence of WBCs
3) Fusion with lysosome to form phagosome
4) Destruction and digestion
Neutrophils - Answer--70% of WBCs
-First cells to arrive to invasion (within 3-6 hours)
- Can kill 5-20 bacteria
Monocytes - Answer--Arrive within 24 hours of invasion
-Once actively involved in inflammatory response= Macrophages
Eosinophils - Answer--Cleanup cells
-Get rid of the last bit of debris
Phagocytes - Answer--Actively involved in digestion/killing process
-Become 'pus'
, Alpha-1 Antitrypsin - Answer--Deactivates WBCs
-Protein produced by liver
-Deficiency can lead to chronic inflammation
Exogenous Pyrogen - Answer--Viral infection
- Gram (-) bacterial endotoxin
-Trigger excessive release of IL-1 resulting in very high fevers (Not beneficial) ex-
sepsis, influenza, etc.
Antipyretics - Answer-Block the synthesis of prostaglandin in the CNS
Immunogens - Answer--Large, foreign molecules
-Recognized by and bind to receptors on immune cell system components
-Result in activation of B- and T-cells
Haptens - Answer--Molecules that are too small to be immunogens but can become
immunogenic by combining with larger molecules
-Ex: Molecules found in peanuts, shellfish, dairy, medications, penicillin, sulfa-containing
drugs
-Common triggers of allergic reactions
T-Cells - Answer--Develop into mature, immunocompetent cells in the thymus (located
above the heart)
-Don't reside in bloodstream
-Migrate to secondary lymph tissue (spleen, appendix, lymph nodes)
-Interact by producing cytokines, interleukins, interferons, etc.
B-Cells - Answer--Develop into mature, immunocompetent cells while still in the bone
marrow
-Don't reside in bloodstream
-Migrate to secondary lymph tissue (spleen, appendix, lymph nodes)
- Interact through production of antibodies or immunoglobulins
MHC I and MHC II - Answer--Proteins expressed on the surface of all cells except
RBCs.
-Lack of MHC on RBCs facilitates transfusion compatibility
-Referred to as human leukocyte antigens (HLA)
Endogenous Antigens - Answer--Non-self (foreign) intracellular proteins resulting from
either a viral infection of that fell or production of abnormal proteins by that cell as a
result of a genetic mutation (ex-cancer).
Exogenous antigens - Answer--Non-self (foreign) material remaining after phagocytic
digestion of bacteria or other antigens
COMPELETE ANSWERS
Allergy: Type IV Cell-Mediated Response - Answer--Delayed
-Hypersensitivity reactions
-Principal cells: lymphocytes/macrophages
-Mediated by T-lymphocytes
-Does not use antibodies
-Localized contact dermatitis (Poison Ivy)
Innate immunity - Answer--Physical, mechanical, biochemical
-Nonspecific
-Ex: intact skin, GI movement, Eyelashes sweeping debris, mucous, tears, bile, normal
flora on skin, mouth, vagina, etc.
-Inflammatory response (immediate)
- Lymphocyte production (slow-acting, specific protection)
PRR (Pattern Recognition Receptor) - Answer-Receptors on the surface of WBCs that
identify 'self' or 'foreign'
PAMP - Answer-Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
DAMP - Answer-Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns
Phagocytosis - Answer-The PAMP/DAMP/PRR interaction that helps stimulate mast cell
degranulation and vascular response and the WBC response to inflammation
1) Recognition and adherence with the WBC to pathogen
2) Plasma protein (antibodies & compliment) coats foreign material=facilitates
adherence of WBCs
3) Fusion with lysosome to form phagosome
4) Destruction and digestion
Neutrophils - Answer--70% of WBCs
-First cells to arrive to invasion (within 3-6 hours)
- Can kill 5-20 bacteria
Monocytes - Answer--Arrive within 24 hours of invasion
-Once actively involved in inflammatory response= Macrophages
Eosinophils - Answer--Cleanup cells
-Get rid of the last bit of debris
Phagocytes - Answer--Actively involved in digestion/killing process
-Become 'pus'
, Alpha-1 Antitrypsin - Answer--Deactivates WBCs
-Protein produced by liver
-Deficiency can lead to chronic inflammation
Exogenous Pyrogen - Answer--Viral infection
- Gram (-) bacterial endotoxin
-Trigger excessive release of IL-1 resulting in very high fevers (Not beneficial) ex-
sepsis, influenza, etc.
Antipyretics - Answer-Block the synthesis of prostaglandin in the CNS
Immunogens - Answer--Large, foreign molecules
-Recognized by and bind to receptors on immune cell system components
-Result in activation of B- and T-cells
Haptens - Answer--Molecules that are too small to be immunogens but can become
immunogenic by combining with larger molecules
-Ex: Molecules found in peanuts, shellfish, dairy, medications, penicillin, sulfa-containing
drugs
-Common triggers of allergic reactions
T-Cells - Answer--Develop into mature, immunocompetent cells in the thymus (located
above the heart)
-Don't reside in bloodstream
-Migrate to secondary lymph tissue (spleen, appendix, lymph nodes)
-Interact by producing cytokines, interleukins, interferons, etc.
B-Cells - Answer--Develop into mature, immunocompetent cells while still in the bone
marrow
-Don't reside in bloodstream
-Migrate to secondary lymph tissue (spleen, appendix, lymph nodes)
- Interact through production of antibodies or immunoglobulins
MHC I and MHC II - Answer--Proteins expressed on the surface of all cells except
RBCs.
-Lack of MHC on RBCs facilitates transfusion compatibility
-Referred to as human leukocyte antigens (HLA)
Endogenous Antigens - Answer--Non-self (foreign) intracellular proteins resulting from
either a viral infection of that fell or production of abnormal proteins by that cell as a
result of a genetic mutation (ex-cancer).
Exogenous antigens - Answer--Non-self (foreign) material remaining after phagocytic
digestion of bacteria or other antigens
