NR 507 FINAL EXAM Q&A
Symptoms of hiatal hernia - Answer-Typically asymptomatic
Treatment of sliding hiatal hernia (4) - Answer-Small, frequent meals, avoid lying flat
after eating, avoid tight clothes, weight control
Key symptom of duodenal ulcers - Answer-chronic, intermittent pain in the epigastric
region
When do patients with duodenal ulcers typically have the most pain (2) - Answer-30min-
2hrs after eating or in the middle of the night (d/t stomach being empty)
Where do we typically see peptic ulcer disease? (3) - Answer-lower esophagus,
stomach and duodenum
What is the first line medication for treatment of major depression - Answer-SSRI's
What factors affect antidepressant prescription? (5) - Answer-symptoms, age, side
effects, safety and cost
What is social anxiety disorder? - Answer-Fear and avoidance of social situations
Positive schizophrenia symptoms (3) - Answer-hallucinations, thought disorder and
bizarre behaviors
Negative schizophrenia symptoms (5) - Answer-flattened affect, alogia, anhedonia,
attention deficit and apathy
Cognitive schizophrenia symptoms - Answer-inability to perform daily tasks that require
attention and planning
What would imaging show for patients with schizophrenia (2) - Answer-Enlarged lateral
& third ventricle and widened frontocortical fissures and sulci
What people are more at risk for developing hypothyroidism? (2) - Answer-Women and
elderly
Treatment for hypothyroidism - Answer-Levothyroxine
Where is TSH released from? - Answer-anterior pituitary
Where are T3 and T4 released from? - Answer-thyroid gland
, Hypothalamic-pituitary axis - Answer-mediates the effects of stressors by regulating
numerous physiological processes, such as metabolism, immune responses, and the
autonomic nervous system
What is another name for hyperthyroidism? - Answer-Graves disease
What are the 2 categories of ophthalmopathy in Graves disease - Answer-Functional
abnormaities and infiltrative changes
What is a functional abnormalities of ophthalmopathy in graves disease? (with example)
- Answer-Hyperactivity of the sympathetic division of the ANS (lag of eye on upward
gaze or lag of upper lid on downward gaze)
What is an infiltrative change of ophthalmopathy in graves disease (with example) -
Answer-Enlargement of the ocular muscles (exophthalmos)
Distinguishing factors of graves diesease - Answer-pretibial myxedema and
exophthalmos
Treatment for Graves disease (3) - Answer-Anti-thyroid med (methimazole), radioactive
iodine therapy or surgery
Environmental factors associated with type 1 diabetes (4) - Answer-viral infections
(enterovirus), h. pylori, cow's milk proteins and lack of vitamin D
Diagnostic criteria of type 1 diabetes - Answer-Hemoglobin A1C greater then 6.5%
Action of insulin - Answer-promote glucose uptake in the liver, muscles and adipose
tissues
What part of the body do we typically see symptoms from autonomic neuropathy in type
1 diabetes? - Answer-GI: decreased esophageal motility, gastroporesis and delayed
gastric emptying
Symptoms of hypoglycemia (6) - Answer-tachycardia, palpitations, diaphoresis, tremors,
pallor and arousal anxiety
What do we teach diabetics about how to avoid hypoglycemia? - Answer-don't skip
meals, take meds appropriately and pay attention to carbs
Cause of primary hyperparathyroidism - Answer-parathyroid tumor
cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism - Answer-increased PTH secretion in response
to hypocalcemia
What typically accompanies hypercalcemia - Answer-hypophosphatemia
Symptoms of hiatal hernia - Answer-Typically asymptomatic
Treatment of sliding hiatal hernia (4) - Answer-Small, frequent meals, avoid lying flat
after eating, avoid tight clothes, weight control
Key symptom of duodenal ulcers - Answer-chronic, intermittent pain in the epigastric
region
When do patients with duodenal ulcers typically have the most pain (2) - Answer-30min-
2hrs after eating or in the middle of the night (d/t stomach being empty)
Where do we typically see peptic ulcer disease? (3) - Answer-lower esophagus,
stomach and duodenum
What is the first line medication for treatment of major depression - Answer-SSRI's
What factors affect antidepressant prescription? (5) - Answer-symptoms, age, side
effects, safety and cost
What is social anxiety disorder? - Answer-Fear and avoidance of social situations
Positive schizophrenia symptoms (3) - Answer-hallucinations, thought disorder and
bizarre behaviors
Negative schizophrenia symptoms (5) - Answer-flattened affect, alogia, anhedonia,
attention deficit and apathy
Cognitive schizophrenia symptoms - Answer-inability to perform daily tasks that require
attention and planning
What would imaging show for patients with schizophrenia (2) - Answer-Enlarged lateral
& third ventricle and widened frontocortical fissures and sulci
What people are more at risk for developing hypothyroidism? (2) - Answer-Women and
elderly
Treatment for hypothyroidism - Answer-Levothyroxine
Where is TSH released from? - Answer-anterior pituitary
Where are T3 and T4 released from? - Answer-thyroid gland
, Hypothalamic-pituitary axis - Answer-mediates the effects of stressors by regulating
numerous physiological processes, such as metabolism, immune responses, and the
autonomic nervous system
What is another name for hyperthyroidism? - Answer-Graves disease
What are the 2 categories of ophthalmopathy in Graves disease - Answer-Functional
abnormaities and infiltrative changes
What is a functional abnormalities of ophthalmopathy in graves disease? (with example)
- Answer-Hyperactivity of the sympathetic division of the ANS (lag of eye on upward
gaze or lag of upper lid on downward gaze)
What is an infiltrative change of ophthalmopathy in graves disease (with example) -
Answer-Enlargement of the ocular muscles (exophthalmos)
Distinguishing factors of graves diesease - Answer-pretibial myxedema and
exophthalmos
Treatment for Graves disease (3) - Answer-Anti-thyroid med (methimazole), radioactive
iodine therapy or surgery
Environmental factors associated with type 1 diabetes (4) - Answer-viral infections
(enterovirus), h. pylori, cow's milk proteins and lack of vitamin D
Diagnostic criteria of type 1 diabetes - Answer-Hemoglobin A1C greater then 6.5%
Action of insulin - Answer-promote glucose uptake in the liver, muscles and adipose
tissues
What part of the body do we typically see symptoms from autonomic neuropathy in type
1 diabetes? - Answer-GI: decreased esophageal motility, gastroporesis and delayed
gastric emptying
Symptoms of hypoglycemia (6) - Answer-tachycardia, palpitations, diaphoresis, tremors,
pallor and arousal anxiety
What do we teach diabetics about how to avoid hypoglycemia? - Answer-don't skip
meals, take meds appropriately and pay attention to carbs
Cause of primary hyperparathyroidism - Answer-parathyroid tumor
cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism - Answer-increased PTH secretion in response
to hypocalcemia
What typically accompanies hypercalcemia - Answer-hypophosphatemia
