BIOC405 LECTURE 25 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
What is amylose? amylopectin?
amylose: glucose linear chain of α(1->4) linkages
amylopectin: same as amylose but also has a α(1->6) branch every 24-30 subunits
what is starch? what is it comprised of?
plants store glucose as starch
starch is comprised of glucose polymers in the form of amylose and amylopectin
Why does glycogen phosphorylase have a limited reach?
there is a groove in the enzyme that binds 4 monosaccharide units, but the active site is
after those 4 that it's bound to
how do amylases give yeast a boost in bread dough?
if you add amylase in bread w/ yeast, the amylase will break down the starch (flour)
faster, feed it to the yeast, and they'll make bubbles faster and get fluffier faster
glucose and maltose are readily used by yeast to make ____
CO2
is amylose more branched in humans or plants? how much more branched?
amylose is much more branched in humans (every 8-14 units) than in plants (20-24
units)
what are glycogen granules?
, Mini compartments containing 20-40 glycogen molecules and enzymes for glycogen
synthesis and degradation
what are differences between storing energy as fat vs glycogen?
fat:
- storing the fat is for much longer term bc it is much slower to build and slower to break
down
glycogen:
- synthesis and breakdown is rapid (think of it as a battery)
- helps maintain blood glucose level when fasting
glycogen degradation and synthesis occur @ ______
non-reducing ends
- large number of non-reducing ends provide lots of glucose rapidly
Describe the role of glycogen during exercise or fight/flight response
when doing exercise (escaping aaron donald) you want to rapidly break down the
glycogen that's in your muscles to rapidly release that glucose and get energy out of it
- there is so much glucose per glycogen molecule that it takes minutes/hours before you
start running out
where is glycogen stored? What are properties of them?
liver
- glycogen makes up to 10% net weight of liver (very dense in glycogen)
- exportable glucose reservoir
- exhausted in 12-24 hrs
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
What is amylose? amylopectin?
amylose: glucose linear chain of α(1->4) linkages
amylopectin: same as amylose but also has a α(1->6) branch every 24-30 subunits
what is starch? what is it comprised of?
plants store glucose as starch
starch is comprised of glucose polymers in the form of amylose and amylopectin
Why does glycogen phosphorylase have a limited reach?
there is a groove in the enzyme that binds 4 monosaccharide units, but the active site is
after those 4 that it's bound to
how do amylases give yeast a boost in bread dough?
if you add amylase in bread w/ yeast, the amylase will break down the starch (flour)
faster, feed it to the yeast, and they'll make bubbles faster and get fluffier faster
glucose and maltose are readily used by yeast to make ____
CO2
is amylose more branched in humans or plants? how much more branched?
amylose is much more branched in humans (every 8-14 units) than in plants (20-24
units)
what are glycogen granules?
, Mini compartments containing 20-40 glycogen molecules and enzymes for glycogen
synthesis and degradation
what are differences between storing energy as fat vs glycogen?
fat:
- storing the fat is for much longer term bc it is much slower to build and slower to break
down
glycogen:
- synthesis and breakdown is rapid (think of it as a battery)
- helps maintain blood glucose level when fasting
glycogen degradation and synthesis occur @ ______
non-reducing ends
- large number of non-reducing ends provide lots of glucose rapidly
Describe the role of glycogen during exercise or fight/flight response
when doing exercise (escaping aaron donald) you want to rapidly break down the
glycogen that's in your muscles to rapidly release that glucose and get energy out of it
- there is so much glucose per glycogen molecule that it takes minutes/hours before you
start running out
where is glycogen stored? What are properties of them?
liver
- glycogen makes up to 10% net weight of liver (very dense in glycogen)
- exportable glucose reservoir
- exhausted in 12-24 hrs
