Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd Edition
Yunus A. Cengel, John M. Cimbala
McGraw-Hill, 2010
Chapter 4
FLUID KINEMATICS
Lecture slides by
Hasan Hacışevki
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
,Satellite image of a hurricane near the Florida coast; water droplets
move with the air, enabling us to visualize the counterclockwise
swirling motion. However, the major portion of the hurricane is actually
irrotational, while only the core (the eye of the storm) is rotational. 2
, Objectives
• Understand the role of the material derivative in
transforming between Lagrangian and Eulerian
descriptions
• Distinguish between various types of flow
visualizations and methods of plotting the
characteristics of a fluid flow
• Appreciate the many ways that fluids move and
deform
• Distinguish between rotational and irrotational
regions of flow based on the flow property vorticity
• Understand the usefulness of the Reynolds
transport theorem
3
, 4–1 ■ LAGRANGIAN AND EULERIAN DESCRIPTIONS
Kinematics: The study of motion.
Fluid kinematics: The study of how fluids flow and how to describe fluid motion.
There are two distinct ways to describe motion: Lagrangian and Eulerian
Lagrangian description: To follow the path of individual objects.
This method requires us to track the position and velocity of each individual
fluid parcel (fluid particle) and take to be a parcel of fixed identity.
With a small number of objects, such In the Lagrangian description, one
as billiard balls on a pool table, must keep track of the position and
individual objects can be tracked. velocity of individual particles. 4
Yunus A. Cengel, John M. Cimbala
McGraw-Hill, 2010
Chapter 4
FLUID KINEMATICS
Lecture slides by
Hasan Hacışevki
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
,Satellite image of a hurricane near the Florida coast; water droplets
move with the air, enabling us to visualize the counterclockwise
swirling motion. However, the major portion of the hurricane is actually
irrotational, while only the core (the eye of the storm) is rotational. 2
, Objectives
• Understand the role of the material derivative in
transforming between Lagrangian and Eulerian
descriptions
• Distinguish between various types of flow
visualizations and methods of plotting the
characteristics of a fluid flow
• Appreciate the many ways that fluids move and
deform
• Distinguish between rotational and irrotational
regions of flow based on the flow property vorticity
• Understand the usefulness of the Reynolds
transport theorem
3
, 4–1 ■ LAGRANGIAN AND EULERIAN DESCRIPTIONS
Kinematics: The study of motion.
Fluid kinematics: The study of how fluids flow and how to describe fluid motion.
There are two distinct ways to describe motion: Lagrangian and Eulerian
Lagrangian description: To follow the path of individual objects.
This method requires us to track the position and velocity of each individual
fluid parcel (fluid particle) and take to be a parcel of fixed identity.
With a small number of objects, such In the Lagrangian description, one
as billiard balls on a pool table, must keep track of the position and
individual objects can be tracked. velocity of individual particles. 4
