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Hiatal Hernia lifestyle changes may include
, elevating the head of the bed when sleeping to allow gravity to prevent acid from refluxing
into the esophagus and remaining upright after meals.
Hiatal hernia Diet should consist of
small frequent meals instead of eating two or three larger meals a day. Avoid vigorous
movement after meals.
Hiatal hernia foods that should be avoided include
spicy, greasy foods, onions, tomatoes and citrus fruits
Gastritis occurs when
the lining of the stomach known as the mucosa becomes inflamed or swollen. When the
stomach mucosa becomes inflamed edema, hemorrhage and erosion of the mucosa occur.
Medical treatment for Gastritis depends on the specific cause. Patients will be instructed to
stop taking irritating medications such as
ASA and NSAIDS
Gastritis medications to decrease the amount of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. these
would include
Antacids, H2 antagonists, and Proton pump inhibitors
The patient with Gastritis is at risk for
Deficient Fluid Volume
A nursing priority is to access the patient's hydration status. Includes I&O, Daily Weights,
&VS.
Peptic Ulcers Disease
are a break in the mucous lining of gastrointestinal tract from continued contact with gastric
juice. This results in inflammation. Pain that is worsened by the ingestion of food.
Ulcers in the mucosa of GI tract occur from several different causes. Duodenal ulcers are
associated with a
H. Pylori infection
Gastric ulcer pain is described as
a dull, aching pain, often right after a meal; eating does not relieve pain and may even worsen
it. Pain may also occur late at night.
Other symptoms associated with PUD are
Nausea with or without vomiting, weight loss, anorexia, belching and dyspepsia
(indigestion). Patient may report a distended abdomen that is painful.
, PUD increased risk factor in
Smokers
GERD Risk factors include
Consumption of foods such as caffeine, alcohol, spicy or fried foods, chocolate, and
tomatoes. Lifestyle factors play a big part especially alcohol and smoking.
GERD the nursing assessment should include
asking about a history of heartburn or atypical chest pain associated with the reflux of GI
contents.
GERD manifests differently depending on
the patient and the severity of the disorder
GERD most common symptoms
-Heartburn (pyrosis)
-Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
(May be described as substernal burning moving up and down the chest)
GERD pain usually develops within
30-60 minutes after meals
Severe heartburn pain can radiate to the neck, jaw, or back and patients may think they are
having an MI
GERD symptoms are exacerbated when
lying down flat or bending over
GERD regurgitation may lead to
Aspiration or bronchitis
These patients are at risk of aspirating when lying flat
Symptoms of GERD include
Coughing or wheezing at night, dysphagia, belching and nausea, hoarseness, and insomnia.
Assess lungs for presence of crackles.
Hiatal Hernia