CCRN Exam Cram Review 2025
Update | COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT!!!
HTN Emergency - ANSWER-BP 180/110 with end-organ damage.
S1 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Heard at the apex of the heart.
S2 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Heard at the base of the heart.
S3 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Associated with heart failure.
S4 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Related to MI, HTN, or aortic stenosis.
Acute Chest Pain Management - ANSWER-Includes STAT EKG and 325mg
aspirin.
Nitroprusside Drip - ANSWER-Reduces preload and afterload; monitor cyanide
toxicity.
PCI Preparation - ANSWER-Door to balloon in 90 minutes.
NSTEMI - ANSWER-+ troponin, ST depression, unrelenting chest pain.
STEMI - ANSWER-+ troponin, ST elevation, unrelenting chest pain.
Torsades de Pointes - ANSWER-Prolonged QT interval can lead to this
arrhythmia.
QT Interval - ANSWER-Normal range is 0.36 to 0.4 seconds.
Systolic Heart Failure - ANSWER-EF < 40%, dilated ventricle, S3 sound.
Diastolic Heart Failure - ANSWER-EF 50%, thick ventricle, S4 sound.
Cardiogenic Shock - ANSWER-Extreme decrease in stroke volume.
Cardiac Tamponade Symptoms - ANSWER-Hypotension, JVD, muffled heart
tones.
, Pulsus Paradoxus - ANSWER-Drop in SBP during inspiration.
Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) - ANSWER-Supports heart failure patients
awaiting transplant.
Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) - ANSWER-Inflates during diastole to increase
oxygen supply.
Prinzmetal's Angina - ANSWER-Relieved by nitroglycerin, returns ST segment to
normal.
Labetalol IV Push - ANSWER-Preferred over drip to avoid exceeding 300mg.
Acute Peripheral Vascular Insufficiency - ANSWER-Normal ankle-brachial index
is >1.
Mitral Stenosis - ANSWER-Associated with atrial fibrillation due to enlargement.
Medical Management of MI - ANSWER-Includes tPA, thrombolytics, heparin,
anticoagulants.
Symptoms of Right-Sided Heart Failure - ANSWER-Hepatomegaly,
splenomegaly, dependent edema.
Symptoms of Left-Sided Heart Failure - ANSWER-Orthopnea, dyspnea,
pink/frothy sputum.
Valve Replacement Risks - ANSWER-High risk for blood clots; requires
anticoagulation.
Complications of PCI - ANSWER-Monitor for signs of re-occlusion.
PCO2 - ANSWER-Clinical indicator of ventilation status.
Diaphragm - ANSWER-Primary muscle responsible for ventilation.
Normal Ventilation Rate - ANSWER-Approximately 4 L/min in healthy adults.
SVO2 - ANSWER-Normal value is 60-75% in healthy individuals.
Normal PO2 - ANSWER-Ranges from 80-100 mmHg; <80 indicates hypoxemia.
NIV Contraindications - ANSWER-Includes hemodynamic instability and life-
threatening arrhythmias.
Update | COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT!!!
HTN Emergency - ANSWER-BP 180/110 with end-organ damage.
S1 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Heard at the apex of the heart.
S2 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Heard at the base of the heart.
S3 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Associated with heart failure.
S4 Heart Sound - ANSWER-Related to MI, HTN, or aortic stenosis.
Acute Chest Pain Management - ANSWER-Includes STAT EKG and 325mg
aspirin.
Nitroprusside Drip - ANSWER-Reduces preload and afterload; monitor cyanide
toxicity.
PCI Preparation - ANSWER-Door to balloon in 90 minutes.
NSTEMI - ANSWER-+ troponin, ST depression, unrelenting chest pain.
STEMI - ANSWER-+ troponin, ST elevation, unrelenting chest pain.
Torsades de Pointes - ANSWER-Prolonged QT interval can lead to this
arrhythmia.
QT Interval - ANSWER-Normal range is 0.36 to 0.4 seconds.
Systolic Heart Failure - ANSWER-EF < 40%, dilated ventricle, S3 sound.
Diastolic Heart Failure - ANSWER-EF 50%, thick ventricle, S4 sound.
Cardiogenic Shock - ANSWER-Extreme decrease in stroke volume.
Cardiac Tamponade Symptoms - ANSWER-Hypotension, JVD, muffled heart
tones.
, Pulsus Paradoxus - ANSWER-Drop in SBP during inspiration.
Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) - ANSWER-Supports heart failure patients
awaiting transplant.
Intra Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) - ANSWER-Inflates during diastole to increase
oxygen supply.
Prinzmetal's Angina - ANSWER-Relieved by nitroglycerin, returns ST segment to
normal.
Labetalol IV Push - ANSWER-Preferred over drip to avoid exceeding 300mg.
Acute Peripheral Vascular Insufficiency - ANSWER-Normal ankle-brachial index
is >1.
Mitral Stenosis - ANSWER-Associated with atrial fibrillation due to enlargement.
Medical Management of MI - ANSWER-Includes tPA, thrombolytics, heparin,
anticoagulants.
Symptoms of Right-Sided Heart Failure - ANSWER-Hepatomegaly,
splenomegaly, dependent edema.
Symptoms of Left-Sided Heart Failure - ANSWER-Orthopnea, dyspnea,
pink/frothy sputum.
Valve Replacement Risks - ANSWER-High risk for blood clots; requires
anticoagulation.
Complications of PCI - ANSWER-Monitor for signs of re-occlusion.
PCO2 - ANSWER-Clinical indicator of ventilation status.
Diaphragm - ANSWER-Primary muscle responsible for ventilation.
Normal Ventilation Rate - ANSWER-Approximately 4 L/min in healthy adults.
SVO2 - ANSWER-Normal value is 60-75% in healthy individuals.
Normal PO2 - ANSWER-Ranges from 80-100 mmHg; <80 indicates hypoxemia.
NIV Contraindications - ANSWER-Includes hemodynamic instability and life-
threatening arrhythmias.
