18TH CENTURY POLITICAL
FORMATIONS
Introduction-:
1765 British grabbed major chunks of Eastern India
1707 Aurangzeb died
1761 Third battle of Panipat
MUGHALS
Started facing crisis around 17th century.
1) Emperor Aurangzeb had depleted the military and financial resources of his empire
by fighting a long war in the Deccan.
He built a large empire
2) Incapable succesors The capibility of majestic administration broke down
It became very diff. for the later Mughal emperors to keep a check on their
powerful mansabdars
a) Controlled the offices of revenue and military
GOVERNERS
administration (diwani and faujdari)
b) This gave them extraordinary political,
economic and military powers over vast regions
of the Mughal Empire
IMPACT-:
Consolidated their control CAPITAL DECLINED (no mansabdar gave the revenue to the emeperor)
, 3. Peasant and Zamindari Revolt
WHY ?
a) Pressures of mounting taxes (to pay tax to the emperor) (They weren’t paying because mansabdars were also not paying)
b) Attempts by powerful chieftains to consolidate their own power.
Rebillion not a new phenomena But this time this group had
(people revolted in past also) economical resources.
The Mughal emperors after Aurangzeb were unable to arrest the gradual shifting of
political and economic authority into the hands of provincial governors, local
chieftains and other groups.
4. Attacks
They came when Mughals were in political & economical crisis.
a) NADIR SHAH
i. Ruler of Iran
ii. 1739
iii. Took away immense amounts of wealth
Followed by
b) Ahmad Shah Abdali
i. Invaded north India five time (1748 and 1761)
FORMATIONS
Introduction-:
1765 British grabbed major chunks of Eastern India
1707 Aurangzeb died
1761 Third battle of Panipat
MUGHALS
Started facing crisis around 17th century.
1) Emperor Aurangzeb had depleted the military and financial resources of his empire
by fighting a long war in the Deccan.
He built a large empire
2) Incapable succesors The capibility of majestic administration broke down
It became very diff. for the later Mughal emperors to keep a check on their
powerful mansabdars
a) Controlled the offices of revenue and military
GOVERNERS
administration (diwani and faujdari)
b) This gave them extraordinary political,
economic and military powers over vast regions
of the Mughal Empire
IMPACT-:
Consolidated their control CAPITAL DECLINED (no mansabdar gave the revenue to the emeperor)
, 3. Peasant and Zamindari Revolt
WHY ?
a) Pressures of mounting taxes (to pay tax to the emperor) (They weren’t paying because mansabdars were also not paying)
b) Attempts by powerful chieftains to consolidate their own power.
Rebillion not a new phenomena But this time this group had
(people revolted in past also) economical resources.
The Mughal emperors after Aurangzeb were unable to arrest the gradual shifting of
political and economic authority into the hands of provincial governors, local
chieftains and other groups.
4. Attacks
They came when Mughals were in political & economical crisis.
a) NADIR SHAH
i. Ruler of Iran
ii. 1739
iii. Took away immense amounts of wealth
Followed by
b) Ahmad Shah Abdali
i. Invaded north India five time (1748 and 1761)
