DELHI
Delhi became an important city only in the twelfth century
Delhi was firstly under the Tomara Rajputs, they were defeated in the
middle 12th century by Chauhans/Chamans of Ajmer. (Under these 2 only
Delhi became a commercial centre)
Many rich jaina merchants lived in the city and constructed temples.
DEHLIWAL-: Coins minted here
Q) When did transformation of Delhi start?
Ans) 13th century by Delhi sultanate.
ADMINISTRATION UNDER DELHI SULTANS-:
ABOUT TAWARIKH-:
Histories are known as TARIKH (singular)/ TAWARIKH (plural)
PERSIAN-: language of administration under Delhi Sultans
The authors of tawarikh-:
1. Were learned men: secretaries, administrators, poets and
courtiers.
2. They recounted events
3. Emphasising the importance of just rule.
4. They lived in cities (mainly Delhi)
5. They wrote these for Sultans in hope for rich reward
6. They advised rulers on the need to preserve an “ideal” social order
based on birthright and gender distinctions (Their ideas were not
shared by everybody)
There were conflicts b/w delhi sultans and Elites, Authors bec. Delhi
sultans appoointed the low base born to high offices
Large parts of the subcontinent remained outside the control of Delhi
Sultans
, It was difficult to control distant provinces like Bengal from Delhi. Even in
the Gangetic plain, were forested areas that Sultanate forces could not
capture
Local chieftains established their rule in these regions.
Sometimes rulers like Alauddin Khalji and Muhammad Tughluq could
force their control in these areas but only for a short duration
ABOUT RAZZIYA SULTAN -:
She was Sultan Iltutmish’s daughter
She became a ruler in 1236
Minhaj-I-Siraj (the chronichler of this age) knew that she was the most
qualified than all her brothers, but he was not happy having a queen as a
ruler
And nobles were not happy to see her rule independently
So she was removed from the throne in 1240
Administration under the Khaljis and Tughluqs
Needed reliable governors and administrators --- So chose BANDAGANS
BANDAGANS-: Special slaves purchased for military service
1. They were trained to man Imp. Political offices
2. Since they were totally dependent upon their master, the Sultan could
trust and rely upon them.
They also Raised clients (people of humble birth)
Slaves and clients were loyal to their masters but not to their heirs
There were conflicts b/w delhi sultans and Elites, Authors bec. Delhi
sultans appoointed the low base born to high offices
ABOUT IQTAS-:
Delhi became an important city only in the twelfth century
Delhi was firstly under the Tomara Rajputs, they were defeated in the
middle 12th century by Chauhans/Chamans of Ajmer. (Under these 2 only
Delhi became a commercial centre)
Many rich jaina merchants lived in the city and constructed temples.
DEHLIWAL-: Coins minted here
Q) When did transformation of Delhi start?
Ans) 13th century by Delhi sultanate.
ADMINISTRATION UNDER DELHI SULTANS-:
ABOUT TAWARIKH-:
Histories are known as TARIKH (singular)/ TAWARIKH (plural)
PERSIAN-: language of administration under Delhi Sultans
The authors of tawarikh-:
1. Were learned men: secretaries, administrators, poets and
courtiers.
2. They recounted events
3. Emphasising the importance of just rule.
4. They lived in cities (mainly Delhi)
5. They wrote these for Sultans in hope for rich reward
6. They advised rulers on the need to preserve an “ideal” social order
based on birthright and gender distinctions (Their ideas were not
shared by everybody)
There were conflicts b/w delhi sultans and Elites, Authors bec. Delhi
sultans appoointed the low base born to high offices
Large parts of the subcontinent remained outside the control of Delhi
Sultans
, It was difficult to control distant provinces like Bengal from Delhi. Even in
the Gangetic plain, were forested areas that Sultanate forces could not
capture
Local chieftains established their rule in these regions.
Sometimes rulers like Alauddin Khalji and Muhammad Tughluq could
force their control in these areas but only for a short duration
ABOUT RAZZIYA SULTAN -:
She was Sultan Iltutmish’s daughter
She became a ruler in 1236
Minhaj-I-Siraj (the chronichler of this age) knew that she was the most
qualified than all her brothers, but he was not happy having a queen as a
ruler
And nobles were not happy to see her rule independently
So she was removed from the throne in 1240
Administration under the Khaljis and Tughluqs
Needed reliable governors and administrators --- So chose BANDAGANS
BANDAGANS-: Special slaves purchased for military service
1. They were trained to man Imp. Political offices
2. Since they were totally dependent upon their master, the Sultan could
trust and rely upon them.
They also Raised clients (people of humble birth)
Slaves and clients were loyal to their masters but not to their heirs
There were conflicts b/w delhi sultans and Elites, Authors bec. Delhi
sultans appoointed the low base born to high offices
ABOUT IQTAS-:
