MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF PHYSIOLOGY 708 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE

MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATIONS OF PHYSIOLOGY 708 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE Effects of Aerobic Training on Pulmonary Adaptations 1. more efficient use of oxygen by the respiratory musculature 2. decreased ventilatory needs Effects of Aerobic Training on Cardiovascular Adaptations 1. lower resting and working HR 2. increased stroke volume and cardiac output 3. increased shunting of blood to working muscles 4. increased number of capillaries to working muscles Effects of Aerobic Training on Metabolic Adaptations 1. increased size and number of mitochondria 2. increased amount of mitochondrial enzymes 3. increased lipolysis during submaximal exercise and resting 4. prolonged OBLA in blood due to more efficient use of lactate Reasons to do an Aerobic Exercise Test Gives information about functional status, helps generate appropriate exercise prescription, demonstrates progress, helps with prognosis Units of Absolute VO2 Max L/min or mL/min Units of Relative (to Body Weight) VO2 Max ml/kg/min Range of Normal VO2 Max 15-75 ml/kg/min (sedentary with disease to young endurance runner) Respiratory Exchange Ratio =VCO2/VO2, varies with fuel substrate (fats, carbs, protein) Respiratory Quotient for Carbohydrates =1 Respiratory Quotient for Fats =range from 0.69-0.73 Respiratory Quotient for Proteins =0.818 Fuel Substrate Consumption for Moderate Exercise Half carbohydrates and half fats Conditions where Respiratory Exchange Ration is 1 1. during anaerobic exercise? 2. hyperventilating 1 L of O2 Consumed Expends this much Energy 5 kcal VO2 Peak Highest VO2 measured in a maximal test where physiologic criteria are not met but test must be stopped due to client factors (e.g. leg fatigue limits work) Field Submaximal VO2 Tests 1. step test, can be modified to seated step test 2. fixed distance test (i.e. time it takes to walk 1 mile) 3. fixed time test (i.e. how far can you walk in 6 minutes) Astrand Cycle Test Steady state submaximal aerobic stationary bike test, involves 6 minute work stage Treadmill Steady State Test Steady state submaximal aerobic treadmill test, involves 4 minute work stage YMCA Cycle Test Incremental submaximal aerobic stationary bike test, involves 2-4 work stages Bruce Treadmill Test Incremental submaximal aerobic treadmill test, involves 2-4 minute work stage Submaximal Test HR Assumptions 1. steady stat HR is obtained for each exercise workload 2. maximal HR for a given age is uniform 3. there is a linear relationship between HR and workload 4. HR varies depending of fitness level of subjects at any given workload Equation for Maximal HR =208-[(0.7)*age] Relationship Between HR and Training Individuals with aerobic training will have lower resting HR and/or can take on larger loads at the same HR Submaximal Test Workload and O2 Consumption Assumptions 1. O2 consumption for any given workload does not vary between subjects 2. rate of increase in O2 consumption with increasing workload does not vary between subjects (though O2 consumption per workload may slightly differ between trained and untrained individuals) Relationship between O2 Consumption and Training