NSG123/ NSG 123 Exam 4: (New 2024/ 2025
Update) Med Surg 1 Review| Questions and
Verified Answers| 100% Correct| All Units
Covered| A Grade – Herzing
QUESTION
considerations for epilepsy in women
Answer:
- increased seizure activity during menses
- anticonvulsant medication decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
- diagnosis of epilepsy puts fetus at 3x higher risk for malformations
- careful monitoring required during pregnancy
QUESTION
non-pharmacological treatment options for refractory seizures
Answer:
- vagal nerve stimulator (implanted under clavicle, patient controls when they feel an aura,
diminishes the severity and duration of seizure, DOES NOT prevent seizures)
- responsive neurostimulation system (electrodes implanted in brain, interrupts brain activity,
prevents seizures)
QUESTION
medications for seizures
Answer:
- carbamazepine/Tegretol (grand mal/tonic-clonic)
- clonazepam/Klonopin (children)
- phenytoin/Dilantin (multiple types)
- valproate/Depakote (tonic-clonic)
,QUESTION
Phenytoin (Dilantin) information
Answer:
- 10-20mcg/mL therapeutic level
- must be given on time
- increases risk for osteoporosis (take calcium and vitamin D)
- causes gingival hyperplasia (expected side effect, do not stop medication)
- encourage good dental hygiene
- do not take oral contraceptives
- do not stop abruptly
QUESTION
status epilepticus
Answer:
- prolonged seizure activity
- medical emergency
- goal is to stop the seizures ASAP
- give IV medications (diazepam/Valium, lorazepam/Ativan, fosphenytoin/Cerebyx)
QUESTION
thyroid hormones
Answer:
T3, T4, calcitonin
QUESTION
diagnosis of hyperthyroidism
Answer:
- physical assessment is done from behind patient, feeling for structures moving up and down as
the patient swallows
- TSH, T3, T4 blood tests (affected by oral contraceptives, corticosteroids, aspirin,
carbamazepine, Lasix, heparin)
, - fine needle biopsy (patient remains awake)
- thyroid scan
QUESTION
cause of hyperthyroidism
Answer:
- overactivity of the thyroid
- low TSH, high T3 and T4
- autoimmune disorder (Grave's disease)
QUESTION
symptoms of hyperthyroidism
Answer:
everything is increased/sped up
- tachycardia
- elevated BP
- heat intolerance
- sweating
- weight loss (high metabolism)
- goiter
- hand/finger tremors
- fine, straight hair
- eyeball protrusion (exophthalmos)
QUESTION
thyroid storm
Answer:
- life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism
- high fever (101-102)
- extreme tachycardia (130+)
- high BP (over 200 systolic)
- altered mental state/confusion
Update) Med Surg 1 Review| Questions and
Verified Answers| 100% Correct| All Units
Covered| A Grade – Herzing
QUESTION
considerations for epilepsy in women
Answer:
- increased seizure activity during menses
- anticonvulsant medication decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
- diagnosis of epilepsy puts fetus at 3x higher risk for malformations
- careful monitoring required during pregnancy
QUESTION
non-pharmacological treatment options for refractory seizures
Answer:
- vagal nerve stimulator (implanted under clavicle, patient controls when they feel an aura,
diminishes the severity and duration of seizure, DOES NOT prevent seizures)
- responsive neurostimulation system (electrodes implanted in brain, interrupts brain activity,
prevents seizures)
QUESTION
medications for seizures
Answer:
- carbamazepine/Tegretol (grand mal/tonic-clonic)
- clonazepam/Klonopin (children)
- phenytoin/Dilantin (multiple types)
- valproate/Depakote (tonic-clonic)
,QUESTION
Phenytoin (Dilantin) information
Answer:
- 10-20mcg/mL therapeutic level
- must be given on time
- increases risk for osteoporosis (take calcium and vitamin D)
- causes gingival hyperplasia (expected side effect, do not stop medication)
- encourage good dental hygiene
- do not take oral contraceptives
- do not stop abruptly
QUESTION
status epilepticus
Answer:
- prolonged seizure activity
- medical emergency
- goal is to stop the seizures ASAP
- give IV medications (diazepam/Valium, lorazepam/Ativan, fosphenytoin/Cerebyx)
QUESTION
thyroid hormones
Answer:
T3, T4, calcitonin
QUESTION
diagnosis of hyperthyroidism
Answer:
- physical assessment is done from behind patient, feeling for structures moving up and down as
the patient swallows
- TSH, T3, T4 blood tests (affected by oral contraceptives, corticosteroids, aspirin,
carbamazepine, Lasix, heparin)
, - fine needle biopsy (patient remains awake)
- thyroid scan
QUESTION
cause of hyperthyroidism
Answer:
- overactivity of the thyroid
- low TSH, high T3 and T4
- autoimmune disorder (Grave's disease)
QUESTION
symptoms of hyperthyroidism
Answer:
everything is increased/sped up
- tachycardia
- elevated BP
- heat intolerance
- sweating
- weight loss (high metabolism)
- goiter
- hand/finger tremors
- fine, straight hair
- eyeball protrusion (exophthalmos)
QUESTION
thyroid storm
Answer:
- life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism
- high fever (101-102)
- extreme tachycardia (130+)
- high BP (over 200 systolic)
- altered mental state/confusion
