NR 283 Pathophysiology – Exam 1 – Chamberlain University – 2025–2026 – Review Questions and Answers

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NR283/ NR 283 EXAM 1: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
REVIEW| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100%
CORRECT (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)- CHAMBERLAIN
(NEW 2025/ 2026 UPDATE)



Hydrostatic Pressure - ANS ✓Push, typically happens at the arterial level




Osmotic Pressure - ANS ✓Pull, typically on the veinous level, wherever the

waste needs to be eliminated from the body



Isotonic Solutions - ANS ✓Completely balanced solutions, blood, NS




Hypotonic Solutions - ANS ✓Less solute so its less concentrated, only a few

pepper flakes, 0.45% NaCl (1/2 NS)

Give this to dehydrated pt



Hypertonic Solutions - ANS ✓More solute, so its more concentrated, lots of

pepper flakes, 3.0-5.0% NaCl

Give this to cerebral edema pt



Na+ Normal Range - ANS ✓135-145 mEq/L



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K+ Normal Range - ANS ✓3.5-5.0 mEq/L




Cl- Normal Range - ANS ✓98-106 mEq/L




Ca2+ Normal Range - ANS ✓8.5-10.5 mEq/L




Mg2+ Normal Range - ANS ✓1.4-2.1 mEq/L




Hyponatremia - ANS ✓Low sodium due to rapid dehydration




Hypernatremia - ANS ✓High sodium, slower dehydration, ex: old person who

can't get up to drink water frequently enough



Hypokalemia - ANS ✓Low potassium, cardiac arrhythmia, leg cramping,

decreased bowel sounds



Hyperkalemia - ANS ✓High potassium, cardiac arrest, muscle weakness,

hyperactive bowel sounds




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