NCCAA BOARD REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Pediatric Larynx located at - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅C4
Narrowest point of pediatric airway - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Cricoid cartilage
Chest wall Compliance v lung compliance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inc CW compliance
dec lung compliance
What is the difference between the pediatric and adult NMJ - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅pediatric immature NMJ
when does normal kidney function occur - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅6 months
GERD in pediatrics? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inc incidence due to incompetent LES
Hgb at birth - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅18-20
Hgb at 5 months - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅9-10 g/dl
Neonate RR, HR, BP averages - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅40
140
65/40
Infant RR, HR< BP average - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅30, 120 , 95/65
Toddler RR, HR, BP average - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅25, 100, 100/70
,Child RR, HR, BP - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅20, 80, 110/60
Premature neonate EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅100ml/kg
Full term neonate EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅90 ml/kg
Infant EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅80 mL/kg
Female EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅65 ml/kg
Male EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅70 ML/KG
Tube depth calculation by age - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅12 +age/2
Vd for water soluble and lipid soluble drugs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅increased for
water sol
decreased for lipid sol
albumin binding changes in pediatrics? what does this mean - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅decreased -->more free drug available
capillary permeability changes in peds? what does this mean - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅increased -->more permeable BBB (reduce doses)
Why do pediatrics have a fast inhalation induction? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Inc
alveolar ventilation
Inc VM/FRC ratio
,Inc BF to VRO
Why do pediatrics require larger doses of propofol? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅larger Vd
Why are pediatrics more sensitive to respiratory depression? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅decreased metabolism and less formed BBB
MR onset changes in pediatrics? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅quicker onset (greater
sensitivity at NMJ), infants need less than children
MR duration of action in pediatrics? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅prolonged duration due to
immature hepatic biotransformation
Prematurity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Birth before 37 weeks gestation
Keep PaO2 at ____ in premature patients - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅50-80
Diaphragmatic hernia msot common side - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅left
Persistant fetal circulation is what kind of shunt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅R-L
Most common variation of TEF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Most common variation-
esophagus ends in a blind
pouch with the lower esophagus connecting to the
trachea
TEF is confirmed by - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inability to pass gastric tube
feeding-->choking, coughing, cyanosis
, VACTERL association - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅V = Vertebral anomalies
A = Anal atresia
C = Cardiac anomalies
TE = Tracheoesophageal fistula
R = Renal and or radial anomalies
L = Limb defects
*can be seen in children with diabetic mothers or trisomy 18*, however this is not a syndrome
because the findings are only associations and do not stem from one problem.
pyloric stenosis s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅olive like mass
hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, jaundice, projectile vomiting
epiglotitis Cause, age, symptoms/signs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Bacterial
2-7
inspiratory stridor
high fever
tripod stance, drooling, mouth open and cyanotic
Croup cause, age, s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅viral, 6 mo-2,
less airway obstruction, barking ocugh
Ompahlocele - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅covered by sac and associated with Trisomy 21,
DH, Cardiac/bowel malformation
GASTROSCHISIS - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅no sac to cover
urgent repair
Pediatric Larynx located at - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅C4
Narrowest point of pediatric airway - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Cricoid cartilage
Chest wall Compliance v lung compliance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inc CW compliance
dec lung compliance
What is the difference between the pediatric and adult NMJ - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅pediatric immature NMJ
when does normal kidney function occur - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅6 months
GERD in pediatrics? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inc incidence due to incompetent LES
Hgb at birth - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅18-20
Hgb at 5 months - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅9-10 g/dl
Neonate RR, HR, BP averages - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅40
140
65/40
Infant RR, HR< BP average - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅30, 120 , 95/65
Toddler RR, HR, BP average - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅25, 100, 100/70
,Child RR, HR, BP - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅20, 80, 110/60
Premature neonate EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅100ml/kg
Full term neonate EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅90 ml/kg
Infant EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅80 mL/kg
Female EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅65 ml/kg
Male EBV - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅70 ML/KG
Tube depth calculation by age - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅12 +age/2
Vd for water soluble and lipid soluble drugs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅increased for
water sol
decreased for lipid sol
albumin binding changes in pediatrics? what does this mean - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅decreased -->more free drug available
capillary permeability changes in peds? what does this mean - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅increased -->more permeable BBB (reduce doses)
Why do pediatrics have a fast inhalation induction? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Inc
alveolar ventilation
Inc VM/FRC ratio
,Inc BF to VRO
Why do pediatrics require larger doses of propofol? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅larger Vd
Why are pediatrics more sensitive to respiratory depression? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅decreased metabolism and less formed BBB
MR onset changes in pediatrics? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅quicker onset (greater
sensitivity at NMJ), infants need less than children
MR duration of action in pediatrics? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅prolonged duration due to
immature hepatic biotransformation
Prematurity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Birth before 37 weeks gestation
Keep PaO2 at ____ in premature patients - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅50-80
Diaphragmatic hernia msot common side - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅left
Persistant fetal circulation is what kind of shunt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅R-L
Most common variation of TEF - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Most common variation-
esophagus ends in a blind
pouch with the lower esophagus connecting to the
trachea
TEF is confirmed by - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅inability to pass gastric tube
feeding-->choking, coughing, cyanosis
, VACTERL association - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅V = Vertebral anomalies
A = Anal atresia
C = Cardiac anomalies
TE = Tracheoesophageal fistula
R = Renal and or radial anomalies
L = Limb defects
*can be seen in children with diabetic mothers or trisomy 18*, however this is not a syndrome
because the findings are only associations and do not stem from one problem.
pyloric stenosis s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅olive like mass
hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, jaundice, projectile vomiting
epiglotitis Cause, age, symptoms/signs - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Bacterial
2-7
inspiratory stridor
high fever
tripod stance, drooling, mouth open and cyanotic
Croup cause, age, s/s - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅viral, 6 mo-2,
less airway obstruction, barking ocugh
Ompahlocele - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅covered by sac and associated with Trisomy 21,
DH, Cardiac/bowel malformation
GASTROSCHISIS - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅no sac to cover
urgent repair
