NUR 265 EXAM 1 | Advanced Concepts of
Medical - Surgical Nursing Exam 1 |
Questions and Verified Answers Rated A+ |
2025/2026 Guide
What is the onset phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Initial event to development of manifestations which is
immediate up to a week before symptoms.
What is the oliguric phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Anuric: 1 to 8 weeks, the longer it lasts the worse the
prognosis.
What are the causes of oliguric phase?
- Correct Answer - NPO before surgery. Urine amounts <400cc/24 hours.
Gradual buildup of nitrogenous wastes which is azotemia. Manifestations
of fluid overload such as crackles, edema, decreased oxygen, increased
respirations, and dyspnea.
What would labs look like in oliguric phase?
- Correct Answer - Serum creatinine, BUN, K+, phosphorus, and
magnesium will be elevated. Na and Ca will be decreased. Metabolic
acidosis, bicarb to treat short term and dialysis to treat severe.
What is the diuretic phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
, - Correct Answer - Gradual or abrupt return of GFR and leveling of BUN,
lose 1 to 2 liters a day of urine.
What is the cause of the diuretic phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalance.
How long is the recovery phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Lasts 3 to 12 months.
What is Uremic Encephalopathy?
- Correct Answer - Build up in urea and poison to brain. Will have
decreased LOC.
What is the key to prevention of Uremic Encephalopathy?
- Correct Answer - Assessment, restore volume.
What patients are at risk for Acute Kidney Injury? - Correct Answer -
Hypotensive, surgery, hypovolemic such as burns, MVAs, and
hemorrhaging, or patient with shock.
What is the treatment for Acute Kidney Injury? - Correct Answer -
Seizure precautions for elevated BUNs, infection prevention, and diet of
high calorie, low protein, K+, Na, Mag, and Phos. Renal dialysis or
CRRT if patient can't tolerate.
What are the medications given for Acute Kidney Injury? - Correct
Answer - Dopamine- dilates renal artery and increases blood flow.
Diuretics- Furosemide and mannitol for fluid overload but use cautiously.
Hyperkalemia acutely treat with calcium gluconate first the glucose,
Medical - Surgical Nursing Exam 1 |
Questions and Verified Answers Rated A+ |
2025/2026 Guide
What is the onset phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Initial event to development of manifestations which is
immediate up to a week before symptoms.
What is the oliguric phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Anuric: 1 to 8 weeks, the longer it lasts the worse the
prognosis.
What are the causes of oliguric phase?
- Correct Answer - NPO before surgery. Urine amounts <400cc/24 hours.
Gradual buildup of nitrogenous wastes which is azotemia. Manifestations
of fluid overload such as crackles, edema, decreased oxygen, increased
respirations, and dyspnea.
What would labs look like in oliguric phase?
- Correct Answer - Serum creatinine, BUN, K+, phosphorus, and
magnesium will be elevated. Na and Ca will be decreased. Metabolic
acidosis, bicarb to treat short term and dialysis to treat severe.
What is the diuretic phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
, - Correct Answer - Gradual or abrupt return of GFR and leveling of BUN,
lose 1 to 2 liters a day of urine.
What is the cause of the diuretic phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalance.
How long is the recovery phase of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Lasts 3 to 12 months.
What is Uremic Encephalopathy?
- Correct Answer - Build up in urea and poison to brain. Will have
decreased LOC.
What is the key to prevention of Uremic Encephalopathy?
- Correct Answer - Assessment, restore volume.
What patients are at risk for Acute Kidney Injury? - Correct Answer -
Hypotensive, surgery, hypovolemic such as burns, MVAs, and
hemorrhaging, or patient with shock.
What is the treatment for Acute Kidney Injury? - Correct Answer -
Seizure precautions for elevated BUNs, infection prevention, and diet of
high calorie, low protein, K+, Na, Mag, and Phos. Renal dialysis or
CRRT if patient can't tolerate.
What are the medications given for Acute Kidney Injury? - Correct
Answer - Dopamine- dilates renal artery and increases blood flow.
Diuretics- Furosemide and mannitol for fluid overload but use cautiously.
Hyperkalemia acutely treat with calcium gluconate first the glucose,
