Carbohydrates Disaccharides
Provides Calories and energy Made up of 2
Carbohydrates are classified on the monosaccharides
basis of molecular size as Maltose- Malt sugar
Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Glucose +
Oligosaccharides, and Glucose =
Polysaccharides. Maltose
Contains Carbon (1), Hydrogen (2), Lactose- found
and Oxygen (2) C-H-O naturally in milk → cow
Most abundant biomolecules on and breast milk
earth Galactose +
Main source of energy for all living Glucose =
organisms Lactose
saccharides comes from the Greek Sucrose- table sugar
word saccharo means sugar and is formed by plants
(sugar cane and sugar
beets) and not formed
by animals and humans.
Glucose +
Fructose =
Sucrose
Oligosaccharides
Short chain of
monosaccharides
Four types 3-10 and Less than 20
Monosaccharides
monosaccharides
Building blocks (monomers) of
all carbohydrates
Maltotriose (3)
Simple sugars
Glucose + Glucose + Glucose =
Short term energy
Maltotriose
can be broken down into
simpler units by hydrolysis
reactions. Polysaccharides (aka Glycans)
Smallest units that make up
Formed when glucose link
any carbohydrate
together to form long chains
Main monosaccharides in the
and it can be
human diet are Glucose,
straight/unbranched, and
Galactose, and Fructose
branched
Most carbohydrates found in
Glucose
nature occur as
Most abundant
polysaccharides
monosaccharides 10+ Monosaccharides
Main source of energy for
humans
Polysaccharides can be a straight
Water soluble
chain of monosaccharides known
Can cross the blood brain
as linear polysaccharides or
barrier and it nourishes the
Unbranched, and it can be branched
brain
known as a branched
Galactose
polysaccharide.
Primary monosaccharides
found in milk (sugar in Milk)
Heteropolysaccharides
The polysaccharides contains two or
Fructose
more different types of
Primary monosaccharides
monosaccharides
found in fruits and plants e.g. a long chain of fructose and
Commonly found in honey,
glucose molecules
fruits, and root vegetables
Provides Calories and energy Made up of 2
Carbohydrates are classified on the monosaccharides
basis of molecular size as Maltose- Malt sugar
Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Glucose +
Oligosaccharides, and Glucose =
Polysaccharides. Maltose
Contains Carbon (1), Hydrogen (2), Lactose- found
and Oxygen (2) C-H-O naturally in milk → cow
Most abundant biomolecules on and breast milk
earth Galactose +
Main source of energy for all living Glucose =
organisms Lactose
saccharides comes from the Greek Sucrose- table sugar
word saccharo means sugar and is formed by plants
(sugar cane and sugar
beets) and not formed
by animals and humans.
Glucose +
Fructose =
Sucrose
Oligosaccharides
Short chain of
monosaccharides
Four types 3-10 and Less than 20
Monosaccharides
monosaccharides
Building blocks (monomers) of
all carbohydrates
Maltotriose (3)
Simple sugars
Glucose + Glucose + Glucose =
Short term energy
Maltotriose
can be broken down into
simpler units by hydrolysis
reactions. Polysaccharides (aka Glycans)
Smallest units that make up
Formed when glucose link
any carbohydrate
together to form long chains
Main monosaccharides in the
and it can be
human diet are Glucose,
straight/unbranched, and
Galactose, and Fructose
branched
Most carbohydrates found in
Glucose
nature occur as
Most abundant
polysaccharides
monosaccharides 10+ Monosaccharides
Main source of energy for
humans
Polysaccharides can be a straight
Water soluble
chain of monosaccharides known
Can cross the blood brain
as linear polysaccharides or
barrier and it nourishes the
Unbranched, and it can be branched
brain
known as a branched
Galactose
polysaccharide.
Primary monosaccharides
found in milk (sugar in Milk)
Heteropolysaccharides
The polysaccharides contains two or
Fructose
more different types of
Primary monosaccharides
monosaccharides
found in fruits and plants e.g. a long chain of fructose and
Commonly found in honey,
glucose molecules
fruits, and root vegetables
