2026 Exam 230 Questions with 100% Verified
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1st Degree - CORRECT ANSWER: Epidermis Only
1st Degree Burn - CORRECT ANSWER: Reddened Skin
2nd Degree - CORRECT ANSWER: Epidermis and Dermis
2nd Degree Burn - CORRECT ANSWER: Red, moist lesion
- Superficial: Blisters below epidermis
- Deep: The epidermis is destroyed
3rd Degree - CORRECT ANSWER: Damage to subcutaneous layer
3rd Degree Burn - CORRECT ANSWER: Dermis is destroyed
Abrasions - CORRECT ANSWER: Skin is scraped off via friction.
If damage is above the dermal blood vessels, may not bleed
Alleles - CORRECT ANSWER: Genes with the same function, but different sequence.
Antemortem Wounding - CORRECT ANSWER: Insects inhabiting living tissue
Generally requires filthy conditions
Abuse & neglect
,- Animals
- Young
- Elderly
Asphyxiation - CORRECT ANSWER: Oxygen deprivation
Bite Mark Injuries - CORRECT ANSWER: Compare marks to dentition
- Overlays
- Casts
Blood Typing - CORRECT ANSWER: 43%: type O
42%: type A
12%: type B
3%: type AB
-Rh factor is determined by the presence of the D antigen
- Blood type is subject to Mendelian inheritance
Bluestar - CORRECT ANSWER: Replaced luminal, easier to mix in the field. Reaction
with blood can be observed readily without having complete darkness.
Blunt Force Trauma (closed) - CORRECT ANSWER: - Contusions
- Abrasions
- Lacerations
- Fracture
Bone Development - CORRECT ANSWER: - Born with ~405 "ossification
- Fusing results in 206 adult bones
,- Speed of fusing can demonstrate age
Challenges to Bite Marks - CORRECT ANSWER: Dentition profiles can change
Skin is elastic
- Insufficient detail
- Stretching
Many people have similar dentition
- Braces
Chemical Trauma - CORRECT ANSWER: Chemical Alteration of body processes
Chemical Trauma - CORRECT ANSWER: Damage resulting from drugs and poisons.
- Prescription
- OTC
- Recreational
- Accidental
Ethanol
Carbon monoxide
Poisons/venoms
CODIS - CORRECT ANSWER: Created & Maintained by the FBI
Combined DNA Index System
- Convicted Offender Index
- Arrestee Index
- Missing & Unidentified Person Index
- Forensic Index
Contains approximately 4.75 million profiles
, Collection - CORRECT ANSWER: Swab
- Stain
- Orifice
- Tool
- Buccal swab
Cut sample
- Clothing
- Bedding
Colonization Patterns - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Time since death
2. Antemortem colonization
3. Perimortem wounding
Compression Laceration - CORRECT ANSWER: Skin is squeezed and bursts
Confirmatory Test - CORRECT ANSWER: Test or tests which positively identify the
material
- Moderate sensitivity, high selectivity
Confirmatory Test for Semen - CORRECT ANSWER: Stain spermatozoa with Christmas
Tree Stain
- Tails turn green, heads turn red
- To eliminate epithelial cells, add proteinase-K
Confirmatory Tests: Blood - CORRECT ANSWER: Teichmann Test & Takayama Test
- Form hemochromogen crystals by reacting to the iron
Immunoassays: