BIOL3204 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Step two of muscle fiber contraction
What are the protective structures?
Bony tissue
Membranous tissue
Cerebrospinal fluid
Blood brain barrier
What is composed of bony tissue?
Cranium
Spinal column
What is composed of membranous tissue?
Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane (subarachnoid space)
Pia mater
What is another name of membranous tissue?
Meninges
What is Meningitis?
Infection/inflammation of the meninges
Usually viral
Can be bacterial invasion or fungal
,Characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid?
Produced by choroid plexus
Circulates in subarachnoid space
Replaced around 3 times a day
Chemical and physical protection
What is a spinal tap (lumbar puncture)
Procedure that takes cerebrospinal fluid from in-between two vertebrae. Usually
inserted between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae
What is the blood brain barrier?
A filtering mechanism of the capillaries that carry blood to the brain and spinal cord
tissue, blocking the passage of certain substances
What can pass through the blood brain barrier via simple diffusion?
Gases (anesthetizing agents)
Hydrophobic molecules (ethanol, caffeine, nicotine)
O2
CO2
What kind of protein does glucose require?
Membrane proteins
Characteristics of the spinal cord?
Cylinder of nervous tissue
20 inches long, 0.5 diameter
Connected to the brain stem
31 pairs of spinal nerves
, What does is a nerve?
A bundle of axons
A _____________ initiates a response without input from the brain.
Spinal reflex
What is part of a reflex arc?
Sensory neuron
Integration center
Motor neuron
Reflex arc order?
1. Stimulus
2. Sensory information (goes into the brain)
3. Interneuron (integration center)
4. Command to muscles/glands
5. Response
What is a transducer?
Transforms one form of energy to another form
Is a receptor a transducer?
Yes, these are sensitive to certain energy forms
Types of receptors?
Chemoreceptors (chemicals)
Mechanoreceptors (touch and sound)
Thermoreceptors (temperature)
Photoreceptors (light)
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Step two of muscle fiber contraction
What are the protective structures?
Bony tissue
Membranous tissue
Cerebrospinal fluid
Blood brain barrier
What is composed of bony tissue?
Cranium
Spinal column
What is composed of membranous tissue?
Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane (subarachnoid space)
Pia mater
What is another name of membranous tissue?
Meninges
What is Meningitis?
Infection/inflammation of the meninges
Usually viral
Can be bacterial invasion or fungal
,Characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid?
Produced by choroid plexus
Circulates in subarachnoid space
Replaced around 3 times a day
Chemical and physical protection
What is a spinal tap (lumbar puncture)
Procedure that takes cerebrospinal fluid from in-between two vertebrae. Usually
inserted between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae
What is the blood brain barrier?
A filtering mechanism of the capillaries that carry blood to the brain and spinal cord
tissue, blocking the passage of certain substances
What can pass through the blood brain barrier via simple diffusion?
Gases (anesthetizing agents)
Hydrophobic molecules (ethanol, caffeine, nicotine)
O2
CO2
What kind of protein does glucose require?
Membrane proteins
Characteristics of the spinal cord?
Cylinder of nervous tissue
20 inches long, 0.5 diameter
Connected to the brain stem
31 pairs of spinal nerves
, What does is a nerve?
A bundle of axons
A _____________ initiates a response without input from the brain.
Spinal reflex
What is part of a reflex arc?
Sensory neuron
Integration center
Motor neuron
Reflex arc order?
1. Stimulus
2. Sensory information (goes into the brain)
3. Interneuron (integration center)
4. Command to muscles/glands
5. Response
What is a transducer?
Transforms one form of energy to another form
Is a receptor a transducer?
Yes, these are sensitive to certain energy forms
Types of receptors?
Chemoreceptors (chemicals)
Mechanoreceptors (touch and sound)
Thermoreceptors (temperature)
Photoreceptors (light)
