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Summary Edward Lee Thorndike trial and error theory

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The Trial and Error Theory, proposed by Edward Thorndike, explains learning as a process of repeated attempts to solve a problem until success is achieved. This theory is based on Thorndike’s famous experiment with cats placed in a puzzle box, where they had to figure out how to escape by pressing a lever. Initially, the cats exhibited random behaviors, but over time, they learned to press the lever more quickly. Thorndike formulated the Law of Effect, which states that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are strengthened, while those with negative outcomes are weakened. Trial and error learning is fundamental in skill acquisition, problem-solving, and behavior development in both humans and animals.

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