NURS 5433
NURS 5433 Family 2: Module 1 – EENT
Exam Practice Questions and Answers
Graded 2025-2026.
What are the 3 most common causative organisms for bacterial conjunctivitis? -Correct
Answer ✔Strep pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus
A 19-year-old presents with a complaint of bilaterally itchy, red eyes with tearing that
occurs intermittently throughout the year and is often accompanied by a rope like eye
discharge and clear nasal discharge. This is most consistent with what diagnosis? -
Correct Answer ✔allergic conjunctivitis
Treatment for allergic conjunctivitis -Correct Answer ✔Corticosteroid ophthalmic drops
Treatment for viral conjunctivitis -Correct Answer ✔no drops needed
Common cause of anterior epistaxis -Correct Answer ✔localized nasal mucosa trauma
1st line intervention for epistaxis -Correct Answer ✔Firm pressure to the area superior
to the nasal alar cartilage
Ms Murphy is a 58 year old woman presenting with a sudden left sided headache that is
most painful in her left eye. Her vision is blurred, and the left pupil is slightly dilated and
poorly reactive. The left conjunctiva is markedly injected, and the eyeball is firm. Vision
screen with the Snellen chart is 20/30 OD; and 20/90 OS. What is the most likely
diagnosis? -Correct Answer ✔angle-closure glaucoma
Mrs. Allen is a 67 year old female with type 2 DM who complains of seeing flashing
lights and floaters, decreased visual acuity, and metamorphopsia in her left eye. What is
the most likely diagnosis? -Correct Answer ✔Retinal detachment
Which of the following is most likely to be found on the funduscopic exam in a patient
with untreated POAG? -Correct Answer ✔excessive cupping of the optic disk
A 22 year old female presents with a "pimple" on her right eyelid. Exam reveals a 2mm
pustule on the lateral border of the right eyelid margin. What is this most consistent
with? -Correct Answer ✔Hordeolum
A 22 year old female presents with a 'bump" on her right eyelid. Exam reveals a 2 mm
hard, nontender swelling on the lateral border of the right eyelid margin. What is this
most consistent with? -Correct Answer ✔chalazion
NURS 5433
,NURS 5433
What is an independent risk factor for oral cancer? -Correct Answer ✔human
papillomavirus type 16
What are top 3 causative pathogens for otitis externa? -Correct Answer ✔Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, proteus Enterobacteriaceae, and staph aureus
What is an appropriate antibiotic therapy for otitis externa with accompanying cellulitis
suitable for outpatient therapy? -Correct Answer ✔fluoroquinolone
What are the top 3 causative pathogens for otitis media? -Correct Answer ✔Strep
pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis
What is expected finding in AOM? -Correct Answer ✔Tympanic membrane immobility
A 25 year old patient has a 3 day hx of left ear pain that began after one week of URI
symptoms. On physical exam, you find that she has AOM. She is allergic to PCN with a
flat pink rash only. She took an oral antimicrobial for the tx of a UTI 2 weeks ago. What
is the most appropriate oral antimicrobial option for this patient? -Correct Answer
✔cefpodoxime
Drug resistant S. Pneumoniae is least likely to exhibit resistance to which of the
following microbial classes? -Correct Answer ✔respiratory fluoroquinolones
What are characteristics of M catarrhalis? H. Influenzae? S. pneumoniae? -Correct
Answer ✔-M cat: high rate of beta-lactamase production
-H flu: some isolates exhibit antimicrobial resistance via production of beta-lactamase
-S. pneumo: mechanism of antimicrobial resistance usually via altered protein-binding
sites held within the microbe's cell
What are treatment options for streptococcal pharyngitis for a patient with PCN allergy?
-Correct Answer ✔-azithromycin
-Clarithromycin
-Clindamycin
What are the possible complications of GAS(Group A Streptococcus)? -Correct Answer
✔Glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever
What are the symptoms of Rheumatic Fever? -Correct Answer ✔Carditis and arthritis
The rash associated with scarlet fever typically occurs how long after the start of the
symptomatic infection? -Correct Answer ✔2 days
How do decongestants work? -Correct Answer ✔vasoconstriction
NURS 5433
, NURS 5433
Which of the following medications is most appropriate for allergic rhinitis therapy in an
acutely symptomatic 24 year old machine operator? -Correct Answer
✔Loratadine(Claritin)
According to Global Resources in Allergy (GLORIA) guidelines, what is recommended
for intervention in persistent allergic conjunctivitis? -Correct Answer ✔Topical mast cell
stabilizer with a topical antihistamine
What s/s is most consistent with the diagnosis of acute bacerial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)? -
Correct Answer ✔Upper respiratory tract infection symptoms persisting beyond 7-10
days
What is most common causative pathogen for bacerial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)? -Correct
Answer ✔strep pneumoniae
Blepharitis patho -Correct Answer ✔-inflammation of the eyelid
-nonulcerative causes: psoriasis seborrhea, eczema, allergies, lice, trisomy 21,
chemical or environmental irritants, eye makeup, and contact lenses
-ulcerative causes: lash follicle in meibomian glands of eyelid, pustules at base of hair
follicles that crust and bleed, lashes become thick and break easily
Blepharitis risk factors -Correct Answer ✔dry eye, frequent hordeolum or chazalium,
facial or scalp seborrhea, immunocompromised, acne, diabetes, Retin-A use
Blepharitis differential diagnosis -Correct Answer ✔-bacterial infections (impetigo)
-viral infections (herpes)
-parasitic (demodex folliculorum)
-immunologic (atopic dermatitis, discoid lupus)
-dermatoses (psoriasis)
-benign eyelid tumor (actinic keratosis, subcutaneous papilloma)
-malignant eyelid tumors (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma)
-trauma (chemical, thermal, radiation, surgical)
-toxic conditions (medicamentosa)
-patients with unilateral symptoms should be screened for sebaceous carcinoma
Blepharitis diagnostic testing needed -Correct Answer ✔-comprehensive eye history
and exam
-slit lamp exam (to distinguish between anterior and posterior blepharitis)
-microbiologic cultures of eyelide and conjunctiva, meibomian gland imaging, and
eyelash epilation for exam by light microscopy (identification of demodex folliculorum
infestation)
Blepharitis non pharm treatment -Correct Answer ✔-avoid wearing infected contacts
-remove old contracts and get new ones
-use a warm moist compress and lid scrubs with baby shampoo
NURS 5433
NURS 5433 Family 2: Module 1 – EENT
Exam Practice Questions and Answers
Graded 2025-2026.
What are the 3 most common causative organisms for bacterial conjunctivitis? -Correct
Answer ✔Strep pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus
A 19-year-old presents with a complaint of bilaterally itchy, red eyes with tearing that
occurs intermittently throughout the year and is often accompanied by a rope like eye
discharge and clear nasal discharge. This is most consistent with what diagnosis? -
Correct Answer ✔allergic conjunctivitis
Treatment for allergic conjunctivitis -Correct Answer ✔Corticosteroid ophthalmic drops
Treatment for viral conjunctivitis -Correct Answer ✔no drops needed
Common cause of anterior epistaxis -Correct Answer ✔localized nasal mucosa trauma
1st line intervention for epistaxis -Correct Answer ✔Firm pressure to the area superior
to the nasal alar cartilage
Ms Murphy is a 58 year old woman presenting with a sudden left sided headache that is
most painful in her left eye. Her vision is blurred, and the left pupil is slightly dilated and
poorly reactive. The left conjunctiva is markedly injected, and the eyeball is firm. Vision
screen with the Snellen chart is 20/30 OD; and 20/90 OS. What is the most likely
diagnosis? -Correct Answer ✔angle-closure glaucoma
Mrs. Allen is a 67 year old female with type 2 DM who complains of seeing flashing
lights and floaters, decreased visual acuity, and metamorphopsia in her left eye. What is
the most likely diagnosis? -Correct Answer ✔Retinal detachment
Which of the following is most likely to be found on the funduscopic exam in a patient
with untreated POAG? -Correct Answer ✔excessive cupping of the optic disk
A 22 year old female presents with a "pimple" on her right eyelid. Exam reveals a 2mm
pustule on the lateral border of the right eyelid margin. What is this most consistent
with? -Correct Answer ✔Hordeolum
A 22 year old female presents with a 'bump" on her right eyelid. Exam reveals a 2 mm
hard, nontender swelling on the lateral border of the right eyelid margin. What is this
most consistent with? -Correct Answer ✔chalazion
NURS 5433
,NURS 5433
What is an independent risk factor for oral cancer? -Correct Answer ✔human
papillomavirus type 16
What are top 3 causative pathogens for otitis externa? -Correct Answer ✔Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, proteus Enterobacteriaceae, and staph aureus
What is an appropriate antibiotic therapy for otitis externa with accompanying cellulitis
suitable for outpatient therapy? -Correct Answer ✔fluoroquinolone
What are the top 3 causative pathogens for otitis media? -Correct Answer ✔Strep
pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis
What is expected finding in AOM? -Correct Answer ✔Tympanic membrane immobility
A 25 year old patient has a 3 day hx of left ear pain that began after one week of URI
symptoms. On physical exam, you find that she has AOM. She is allergic to PCN with a
flat pink rash only. She took an oral antimicrobial for the tx of a UTI 2 weeks ago. What
is the most appropriate oral antimicrobial option for this patient? -Correct Answer
✔cefpodoxime
Drug resistant S. Pneumoniae is least likely to exhibit resistance to which of the
following microbial classes? -Correct Answer ✔respiratory fluoroquinolones
What are characteristics of M catarrhalis? H. Influenzae? S. pneumoniae? -Correct
Answer ✔-M cat: high rate of beta-lactamase production
-H flu: some isolates exhibit antimicrobial resistance via production of beta-lactamase
-S. pneumo: mechanism of antimicrobial resistance usually via altered protein-binding
sites held within the microbe's cell
What are treatment options for streptococcal pharyngitis for a patient with PCN allergy?
-Correct Answer ✔-azithromycin
-Clarithromycin
-Clindamycin
What are the possible complications of GAS(Group A Streptococcus)? -Correct Answer
✔Glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever
What are the symptoms of Rheumatic Fever? -Correct Answer ✔Carditis and arthritis
The rash associated with scarlet fever typically occurs how long after the start of the
symptomatic infection? -Correct Answer ✔2 days
How do decongestants work? -Correct Answer ✔vasoconstriction
NURS 5433
, NURS 5433
Which of the following medications is most appropriate for allergic rhinitis therapy in an
acutely symptomatic 24 year old machine operator? -Correct Answer
✔Loratadine(Claritin)
According to Global Resources in Allergy (GLORIA) guidelines, what is recommended
for intervention in persistent allergic conjunctivitis? -Correct Answer ✔Topical mast cell
stabilizer with a topical antihistamine
What s/s is most consistent with the diagnosis of acute bacerial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)? -
Correct Answer ✔Upper respiratory tract infection symptoms persisting beyond 7-10
days
What is most common causative pathogen for bacerial rhinosinusitis (ABRS)? -Correct
Answer ✔strep pneumoniae
Blepharitis patho -Correct Answer ✔-inflammation of the eyelid
-nonulcerative causes: psoriasis seborrhea, eczema, allergies, lice, trisomy 21,
chemical or environmental irritants, eye makeup, and contact lenses
-ulcerative causes: lash follicle in meibomian glands of eyelid, pustules at base of hair
follicles that crust and bleed, lashes become thick and break easily
Blepharitis risk factors -Correct Answer ✔dry eye, frequent hordeolum or chazalium,
facial or scalp seborrhea, immunocompromised, acne, diabetes, Retin-A use
Blepharitis differential diagnosis -Correct Answer ✔-bacterial infections (impetigo)
-viral infections (herpes)
-parasitic (demodex folliculorum)
-immunologic (atopic dermatitis, discoid lupus)
-dermatoses (psoriasis)
-benign eyelid tumor (actinic keratosis, subcutaneous papilloma)
-malignant eyelid tumors (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma)
-trauma (chemical, thermal, radiation, surgical)
-toxic conditions (medicamentosa)
-patients with unilateral symptoms should be screened for sebaceous carcinoma
Blepharitis diagnostic testing needed -Correct Answer ✔-comprehensive eye history
and exam
-slit lamp exam (to distinguish between anterior and posterior blepharitis)
-microbiologic cultures of eyelide and conjunctiva, meibomian gland imaging, and
eyelash epilation for exam by light microscopy (identification of demodex folliculorum
infestation)
Blepharitis non pharm treatment -Correct Answer ✔-avoid wearing infected contacts
-remove old contracts and get new ones
-use a warm moist compress and lid scrubs with baby shampoo
NURS 5433
