ATLS EXAM Questions 2025 Questions with Correct Answers || Already Graded A+ || Updated Version

The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation during CPR? - ANSWER Reactivity of pupils to light Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube - ANSWER -Ultrasound -Bilateral breath sounds -Sustained end-tidal CO2 Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior chest and abdomen - ANSWER 18% What is often caused by carotid massage? - ANSWER Bradycardia Step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax - ANSWER 1. Needle decompression/ thoracotomy 2. Chest tube True statements regarding diaphragmatic injuries - ANSWER -Blunt diaphragmatic injuries are usually associated with skeletal trauma -Penetrating diaphragmatic injuries may be missed -Repair of traumatic diaphragmatic injuries usually does not require prosthetic materialFirst priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient - ANSWER Checking the pulse A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, a respiration rate of 24 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 140 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She has bilateral reactive pupils but she does not respond to pain. On physical examination, she has no obvious sign of external bleeding. Which of the following cannot be the cause of hypotension in this patient? A. Pelvic fracture B. Fracture of femur C. Intracranial hemorrhage D. Hemothorax - ANSWER C. Intracranial hemorrhage A patient suffered a slash to his right neck. The wound is over the mid-portion of the sternocleidomastoid. There is a large hematoma and brisk bleeding when uncovered. He is stable. What is the next step in management? A. Get an angiogram B. Close the wound in the ER C. Take him to the operating room D. CT scan to evaluate neck structure - ANSWER C. Take him to the OR After abdominal injury, which of the following urinalysis findings would be an indication for further testing? A. 0-5 casts/HPF B. 5-10 WBC/HPF C. 10-20 RBC/HPF D. Gross hematuria - ANSWER D. Gross hematuriaA laceration of the neck superficial to the deep cervical fascia along the sternocleidomastoid muscle at its midpoint would cause bleeding from which structure? - ANSWER External jugular vein Clinical features associated with tension pneumothorax - ANSWER Unilateral decrease in breath sounds Hyperresonance Respiratory distress Tachycardia Tracheal shift Desatruation Decreased breath sounds Decreased compliance Asymmetric chest movement NOT hypertension, audible bronchial sounds Not recommended as a mode of ventilation for a patient with a diaphragmatic hernia A. Bag and mask B. LMA C. Endotracheal intubation D. Jet ventilation - ANSWER A. Bag and mask Assessed first in trauma patient - ANSWER Airway (*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement - ANSWER Fourth Complications of head trauma - ANSWER Intracerebral hematoma Extradural hematoma Brain abscess Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis - ANSWER Trauma Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure - ANSWER Infusion of normal saline A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and oliguric. Uponexamination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Hemorrhagic shock B. Acute adrenal insufficiency C. Fat embolism syndrome D. Transfusion reaction - ANSWER D. Transfusion reaction Characteristics of early hemorrhagic shock - ANSWER Cold skin Slow capillary refill ConfusionNOT bradycardia A patient is thrown out of a car. He is hemodynamically stable, asymptomatic, and the only finding is a right sided pneumothorax. What is the best treatment for this man? A. Aspiration of pneumothorax B. Monitor pneumothorax C. CT scan D. Placement of chest tube - ANSWER D. Placement of chest tube Important landmark for location of second rib - ANSWER Sternal angle Contributes to a low score on the Glasgow coma scale - ANSWER Paralysis Low blood sugar Use of narcotics Pericardiocentesis is done by needle insertion through which of the intercostal spaces? - ANSWER Fifth intercostal space After a femur fracture, which of the following is LEAST likely? A. Severe pain B. Expanding hematoma C. Severe nerve injury D. Absent distal pulses - ANSWER C. Severe nerve injuryWhich of the following is no longer indicated for routine treatment of shock patients? A. Cervical spine stabilization B. Pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG) C. Endotracheal intubation D. Oxygen - ANSWER B. Pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG) A 13 year old boy fell while riding his bicycle and hit his head. He was unconscious for 4 or 5 minutes. He vomited twice. He has no memory of the event or a headache. His exam is entirely normal. Glasgow coma score is 15. Select the next step in management. A. Discharge home with concussion instructions B. CT of the head C. Skull films D. Admit for observation - ANSWER B. CT of the head Cerebral edema treatment - ANSWER Mannitol Head up position Hyperventilation Sellick maneuver - ANSWER Minimizes the chances of regurgitation during intubation Which of the following is predominantly an iatrogenic complication? A. Venous air embolism B. Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) C. Venous thromboembolismD. None of the above - ANSWER A. Venous air embolism Normal capillary refill time - ANSWER 2 seconds Which of the following cannot be administered via endotracheal (ET) tube? A. Atropine B. Atenolol C. Epinephrine D. Lidocaine - ANSWER B. Atenolol Can be added to lidocaine to reduce the burning sensation when administered - ANSWER Sodium bicarbonate Nerve + sensory relationships - ANSWER C6 - Thumb C7 - Middle finger C8 - Little finger True regarding the initial resuscitation of a trauma patient - ANSWER Evidence of improved perfusion after fluid resuscitation could include improvement of GCS on reevaluation For the patient with severe traumatic brain injury, profound hypocarbia should be avoided to prevent: - ANSWER cerebral vasoconstriction with diminished perfusion After being involved in a motor vehicle crash, a 25-year-old man is brought to a hospital that has surgery capabilities available.. Computed tomography of the chest and abdomen shows an aortic injury and splenic laceration with freeabdominal fluid. His blood pressure falls to 70 mm Hg after CT. The next step is: - ANSWER perform an exploratory laparotomy Which one of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma in the pregnant patient is TRUE? A. The fetus is in jeopardy only with major abdominal trauma. B. Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for hospital admission. C. Indications for peritoneal lavage are different from those in the nonpregnant patient. D. With penetrating trauma, injury to the mother's abdominal hollow viscus is more common in late than in early pregnancy. E. The secondary survey follows a different pattern from that of the nonpregnant patient. - ANSWER B. Leakage of amniotic fluid is an indication for hospital admission. Which one of the following findings in an adult is most likely to require immediate management during the primary survey? A. distended abdomen B. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 11 C. temperature of 36.5°C (97.8°F) D. deforming of the right thigh E. Respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute - ANSWER E. Respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute The most important, immediate step in the management of an open pneumothorax is: A. endotracheal intubation B. operation to close the wound C. placing a chest tube through the chest woundD. placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound E. initiation of 2, large-caliber IVs with crystalloid solutionE. - ANSWER D. placement of an occlusive dressing over the wound The following are contraindications for tetanus toxoid administration: A. history of neurological reaction or severe hypersensitivity to the product B. local side effects C. muscular spasms D. pregnancy E. all of the above - ANSWER A. history of neurological reaction or severe hypersensitivity to the product A 56-year-old man is thrown violently against the steering wheel of his truck during a motor vehicle crash. On arrival in the emergency department he is diaphoretic and complaining of chest pain. His blood pressure is 60/40 mm Hg and his respiratory rate is 40 breaths per minute. Which of the following best differentiates cardiac tamponade from tension pneumothorax as the cause of his hypotension? A. Tachycardia B. pulse volume C. breath sounds D. pulse pressure E. jugular venous pressure - ANSWER C. breath sounds Bronchial intubation of the right or left mainstem bronchus can easily occur during infant endotracheal intubation because: A. The trachea is relatively short. B. The distance from the lips to the larynx is relatively short.C. The use of cuffed endotracehal tubes eliminates this issue. D. The mainstem bronchi are less angulated in their relation to the trachea. E. So little friction exists between the endotracheal tube and the wall of the trachea. - ANSWER A. The trachea is relatively short. Which one of the following is the most effective method for initially treating frostbite? A. moist heat B. early amputation C. padding and elevation D. vasodilators and heparin E. topical application of silver sulfadiazine - ANSWER A. moist heat Which one of the following statements concerning intraosseous infusion is TRUE?A. Only crystalloid solutions may be safely infused through the needle. B. Aspiration of bone marrow confirms appropriate positioning of the needle. C. Intraosseous infusion is the preferred route for volume resuscitation in small children. D. Intraosseous infusion may be utilized indefinitely. E. Swelling in the soft tissues around the intraosseous site is not a reason to discontinue infusion. - ANSWER B. Aspiration of bone marrow confirms appropriate positioning of the needle. A young woman sustains a severe head injury as the result of a motor vehicle crash. In the emergency department, her GCS is 6. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and her heart rate is 80 beats per minute. She is intubated and mechanically ventilated. Her pupils are 3 mm in size and equally reactive to light. There is no other apparent injury. The most important principle to follow in the early management of her head injury is to: A. avoid hypotensionB. administer an osmotic diuretic C. aggressively treat systemic hypertension D. reduce metabolic requirements of the brain E. distinguish between intracranial hematoma and cerebral edema - ANSWER A. avoid hypotension A hemodynamically normal 10-year-old girl is hospitalized for observation after a Grade III (moderately severe) splenic injury has been confirmed by computed tomography (CT). Which of the following mandates prompt celiotomy (laparotomy)? A. a serum amylase of 200 B. a leukocyte count of 14,000 C. evidence of retroperitoneal hematoma on CT scan D. development of peritonitis on physical exam E. a fall in the hemoglobin level from 12 g/dL to 8 g/dL over 24 hours - ANSWER D. development of peritonitis on physical exam