AP STATs - UNIT 1
Statistics
is the science and art of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data.
Individual
is an object described in a set of data. Individuals can be people, animals, or things.
Variable
an attribute that can take different values for different individuals
Categorical Variable
assigns labels that place each individual into a particular group, called a category.
Quantitative Variable
takes number values that are quantities—counts or
measurements.
Discrete Variable
A quantitative variable that takes a fixed set of possible values with gaps between them.
Continuous Variable
A quantitative variable that can take any value in an interval on the number line
Distribution
The distribution of a variable tells us what values the variable takes and how often it
takes those values.
Descriptive statistics
The process of exploratory data analysis is known as descriptive statistics.
Inferential statistics
The process of drawing conclusions that go beyond the data at hand.
Make a bar graph to...
display the distribution of categorical data
Two-way table
is a table of counts that summarizes data on the relationship between two categorical
variables for some group of individuals.
Marginal relative frequency
gives the percent or proportion of individuals that
have a specific value for one categorical variable.
A marginal relative frequency tells you ....
about only one of the variables in a two-way table.
Joint relative frequency
gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one
categorical variable and a specific value for another categorical variable.
Joint relative frequency helps answer questions involving...
both of the variables in a two-way table.
Conditional relative frequency
gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one
categorical variable among individuals who
share the same value of another categorical variable (the condition).
AP EXAM Tip - When comparing groups of different sizes ...
be sure to use relative frequencies (percents or proportions) instead of frequencies
(counts) when analyzing categorical data.
AP EXAM tip - Make sure to avoid statements like ...
Statistics
is the science and art of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data.
Individual
is an object described in a set of data. Individuals can be people, animals, or things.
Variable
an attribute that can take different values for different individuals
Categorical Variable
assigns labels that place each individual into a particular group, called a category.
Quantitative Variable
takes number values that are quantities—counts or
measurements.
Discrete Variable
A quantitative variable that takes a fixed set of possible values with gaps between them.
Continuous Variable
A quantitative variable that can take any value in an interval on the number line
Distribution
The distribution of a variable tells us what values the variable takes and how often it
takes those values.
Descriptive statistics
The process of exploratory data analysis is known as descriptive statistics.
Inferential statistics
The process of drawing conclusions that go beyond the data at hand.
Make a bar graph to...
display the distribution of categorical data
Two-way table
is a table of counts that summarizes data on the relationship between two categorical
variables for some group of individuals.
Marginal relative frequency
gives the percent or proportion of individuals that
have a specific value for one categorical variable.
A marginal relative frequency tells you ....
about only one of the variables in a two-way table.
Joint relative frequency
gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one
categorical variable and a specific value for another categorical variable.
Joint relative frequency helps answer questions involving...
both of the variables in a two-way table.
Conditional relative frequency
gives the percent or proportion of individuals that have a specific value for one
categorical variable among individuals who
share the same value of another categorical variable (the condition).
AP EXAM Tip - When comparing groups of different sizes ...
be sure to use relative frequencies (percents or proportions) instead of frequencies
(counts) when analyzing categorical data.
AP EXAM tip - Make sure to avoid statements like ...
