US EPA Model Lead Inspector questions with
correctly solved solutions
Lead Inspector - ANSWER>>A certified individual who conducts a surface-by-
surface investigation to determine the presence of lead-based paint.
Lead Risk Assessor Job Description - ANSWER>>Determining the existence,
nature, severity, and location of lead-based paint hazards in an entire residential
dwelling or child-occupied facility, and provides a written report explaining the
results of the investigation and options for reducing lead-based paint hazards to
the person requesting the lead inspection.
Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act - ANSWER>>(Title X of the
Community Development and Housing Act of 1992) The federal government
began to focus on primary prevention of lead poisoning through identifying and
reducing lead hazards.
Importance of lead poisoning prevention/lead-based paint inspections -
ANSWER>>Focus attention on the sources of lead that could poison children; and
reduce the cost of lead hazard control by identifying which surfaces are coated
with lead-based paint.
Lead inspector job description - ANSWER>>Identify the lead-based painted
surfaces in housing, certify the results of an inspection in writing, conduct post-
hazard control clearance sampling to determine: the specified hazard control
strategy was conducted, the area is safe for unprotected workers to enter, and
the area is a safe place for residents and young children to live.
How common is lead pollution? - ANSWER>>Lead-based paint is present in
roughly 83% of all hosing stock in the private sector and in roughly 90% of family
housing units in the nation's housing authorities.
,Lead-based paint - ANSWER>>Paint, varnish, shellac, or other coating on surfaces
that contain 1.0 mg/cm^2 or more of lead or 0.5% or more lead by weight.
Lead-based paint hazard - ANSWER>>Any condition that causes exposure to lead-
contaminated dust, lead-contaminated-soil, or lead-contaminated paint that is
deteriorated or present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces
that would result in adverse human health effects as identified by the EPA
Administrator under TSCA section 403.
Lead-based paint inspection - ANSWER>>a surface-by-surface investigation to
determine the presence of lead-based paint. A report is then issued that identifies
if there is lead-based paint present and where it is located.
Deteriorated paint - ANSWER>>Any interior or exterior paint that is peeling,
chipping, chalking, or cracking, or is located on an interior or exterior surface of
fixture that is damaged or deteriorated.
Accessible surface - ANSWER>>Surface that protrudes from the surrounding area
to the extent that a child can chew the surface and is within three feet or the floor
or ground (e.g., window sills, railing, and the edges of stair treads)
Friction surface - ANSWER>>An interior or exterior surfaces that is subject to
abrasion or friction (e.g., certain window, floor, and stair surfaces)
Impact surface - ANSWER>>An interior or exterior surface that is subject to
damage from repeated impacts (e.g., certain parts of door frames)
HUD Guidelines - ANSWER>>The primary purpose of the Guidelines is to guide
people involved in identifying and controlling lead-based paint hazards in housing.
,What is lead-based paint - ANSWER>>1 milligram per square centimeter (1.0
mg/cm^2) using the XRF analyzer or 0.5% (or 5,000 parts per million) using
laboratory analysis methods
AAS - ANSWER>>Atomic absorption spectrometry
A2LA - ANSWER>>American Association for Laboratory Accreditation
ASTM - ANSWER>>American Society for Testing and Materials
CDC - ANSWER>>Center for disease control and prevention
CFR - ANSWER>>Code of federal regulations
ICP-AES - ANSWER>>Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
NIOSH - ANSWER>>National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Dept. of
Health)
OSHA - ANSWER>>Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Dept. of Labor)
Pb - ANSWER>>The chemical symbol for lead
TSP - ANSWER>>Trisodium phosphate
RCRA - ANSWER>>resource conservation and recovery act
History of Lead Use - ANSWER>>Nearly all of the lead in the human environment
results from human activities. Once lead is mined, processed, and introduced into
the human environment it is a potential problem forever. No current technology
will destroy it or make it permanently harmless. However, exposures to lead can
be controlled.
, The occupational hazards of lead were first reported in 1713 by Bernardo
Ramazzini, who described lead intoxication in potters working with lead glazes.
In 1913, Dr. Alice Hamilton, an American occupations health doctor, wrote about
painters and the hazards of their work.
Why was lead used in paint? - ANSWER>>As a pigment, to add durability and
corrosion control, and as a drying agent.
Sources of environmental lead contamination - ANSWER>>The principal industrial
use of lead is in the manufacture of electrical storage batteries. Other uses
include the production of ammunition, various chemicals, and sinkers for fishing
and etc.
Lead exposure - ANSWER>>The major exposure to lead for most adults comes
from the work place (inhalation). Surface dust and soil contamination with lead
are the major sources of lead exposure for infants and young children (ingestion).
(Children: drinking water [primarily from leaded solder, brass fittings and fixtures,
and service lines] can contribute to lead poisoning)
Lead paint - ANSWER>>The amount of lead-based paint in housing is significant -
approximately 64 million (pre-1978) private U.S. residences contain at least some
lead-based paint.
Children ingest lead-based paint by normal hand-to-mouth activity. Young
children absorb a significantly higher percentage of ingested lead than adults.
Lead absorption is increased by malnutrition and poor diet.
Lead in surface dust and soil can come from? - ANSWER>>Weathering and
chipping of lead-based paint, scraping and sanding of lead-based paint in
preparation for refinishing, renovations that break surfaces painted with lead-
based paint, abrasion and/or impact on doors and windows, atmospheric fallout
from the combustion of leaded gasoline that was deposited prior to the phase-
correctly solved solutions
Lead Inspector - ANSWER>>A certified individual who conducts a surface-by-
surface investigation to determine the presence of lead-based paint.
Lead Risk Assessor Job Description - ANSWER>>Determining the existence,
nature, severity, and location of lead-based paint hazards in an entire residential
dwelling or child-occupied facility, and provides a written report explaining the
results of the investigation and options for reducing lead-based paint hazards to
the person requesting the lead inspection.
Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act - ANSWER>>(Title X of the
Community Development and Housing Act of 1992) The federal government
began to focus on primary prevention of lead poisoning through identifying and
reducing lead hazards.
Importance of lead poisoning prevention/lead-based paint inspections -
ANSWER>>Focus attention on the sources of lead that could poison children; and
reduce the cost of lead hazard control by identifying which surfaces are coated
with lead-based paint.
Lead inspector job description - ANSWER>>Identify the lead-based painted
surfaces in housing, certify the results of an inspection in writing, conduct post-
hazard control clearance sampling to determine: the specified hazard control
strategy was conducted, the area is safe for unprotected workers to enter, and
the area is a safe place for residents and young children to live.
How common is lead pollution? - ANSWER>>Lead-based paint is present in
roughly 83% of all hosing stock in the private sector and in roughly 90% of family
housing units in the nation's housing authorities.
,Lead-based paint - ANSWER>>Paint, varnish, shellac, or other coating on surfaces
that contain 1.0 mg/cm^2 or more of lead or 0.5% or more lead by weight.
Lead-based paint hazard - ANSWER>>Any condition that causes exposure to lead-
contaminated dust, lead-contaminated-soil, or lead-contaminated paint that is
deteriorated or present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces
that would result in adverse human health effects as identified by the EPA
Administrator under TSCA section 403.
Lead-based paint inspection - ANSWER>>a surface-by-surface investigation to
determine the presence of lead-based paint. A report is then issued that identifies
if there is lead-based paint present and where it is located.
Deteriorated paint - ANSWER>>Any interior or exterior paint that is peeling,
chipping, chalking, or cracking, or is located on an interior or exterior surface of
fixture that is damaged or deteriorated.
Accessible surface - ANSWER>>Surface that protrudes from the surrounding area
to the extent that a child can chew the surface and is within three feet or the floor
or ground (e.g., window sills, railing, and the edges of stair treads)
Friction surface - ANSWER>>An interior or exterior surfaces that is subject to
abrasion or friction (e.g., certain window, floor, and stair surfaces)
Impact surface - ANSWER>>An interior or exterior surface that is subject to
damage from repeated impacts (e.g., certain parts of door frames)
HUD Guidelines - ANSWER>>The primary purpose of the Guidelines is to guide
people involved in identifying and controlling lead-based paint hazards in housing.
,What is lead-based paint - ANSWER>>1 milligram per square centimeter (1.0
mg/cm^2) using the XRF analyzer or 0.5% (or 5,000 parts per million) using
laboratory analysis methods
AAS - ANSWER>>Atomic absorption spectrometry
A2LA - ANSWER>>American Association for Laboratory Accreditation
ASTM - ANSWER>>American Society for Testing and Materials
CDC - ANSWER>>Center for disease control and prevention
CFR - ANSWER>>Code of federal regulations
ICP-AES - ANSWER>>Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
NIOSH - ANSWER>>National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Dept. of
Health)
OSHA - ANSWER>>Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Dept. of Labor)
Pb - ANSWER>>The chemical symbol for lead
TSP - ANSWER>>Trisodium phosphate
RCRA - ANSWER>>resource conservation and recovery act
History of Lead Use - ANSWER>>Nearly all of the lead in the human environment
results from human activities. Once lead is mined, processed, and introduced into
the human environment it is a potential problem forever. No current technology
will destroy it or make it permanently harmless. However, exposures to lead can
be controlled.
, The occupational hazards of lead were first reported in 1713 by Bernardo
Ramazzini, who described lead intoxication in potters working with lead glazes.
In 1913, Dr. Alice Hamilton, an American occupations health doctor, wrote about
painters and the hazards of their work.
Why was lead used in paint? - ANSWER>>As a pigment, to add durability and
corrosion control, and as a drying agent.
Sources of environmental lead contamination - ANSWER>>The principal industrial
use of lead is in the manufacture of electrical storage batteries. Other uses
include the production of ammunition, various chemicals, and sinkers for fishing
and etc.
Lead exposure - ANSWER>>The major exposure to lead for most adults comes
from the work place (inhalation). Surface dust and soil contamination with lead
are the major sources of lead exposure for infants and young children (ingestion).
(Children: drinking water [primarily from leaded solder, brass fittings and fixtures,
and service lines] can contribute to lead poisoning)
Lead paint - ANSWER>>The amount of lead-based paint in housing is significant -
approximately 64 million (pre-1978) private U.S. residences contain at least some
lead-based paint.
Children ingest lead-based paint by normal hand-to-mouth activity. Young
children absorb a significantly higher percentage of ingested lead than adults.
Lead absorption is increased by malnutrition and poor diet.
Lead in surface dust and soil can come from? - ANSWER>>Weathering and
chipping of lead-based paint, scraping and sanding of lead-based paint in
preparation for refinishing, renovations that break surfaces painted with lead-
based paint, abrasion and/or impact on doors and windows, atmospheric fallout
from the combustion of leaded gasoline that was deposited prior to the phase-
