TESTBANK l
NEONATAL & PEDIATRICRE
l l l
SPIRATORY CARE l
5th Edition, Walsh
l
l
TESTBANK l
,NeonatallandlPediatriclRespiratorylCare,l5thlEdition,lBrianlK.lWalshlTestlBank
TableloflContents
Chapterl1.lFetallLunglDevelopment
Chapterl2.lFetallGaslExchangelandlCirculation
Chapterl3.lAntenatallAssessmentlandlHigh-RisklDelivery
Chapterl4.lExaminationlandlAssessmentloflthelNeonatallandlPediatriclPatient
Chapterl5.lPulmonarylFunctionlTestinglandlBedsidelPulmonarylMechanics
Chapterl6.lRadiographiclAssessment
Chapterl7.lPediatriclFlexiblelBronchoscopy
Chapterl8.lInvasivelBloodlGaslAnalysislandlCardiovascularlMonitoring
Chapterl9.lNoninvasivelMonitoringlinlNeonatallandlPediatriclCare
Chapterl10.lOxygenlAdministration
Chapterl11.lAerosolslandlAdministrationloflInhaledlMedications
Chapterl12.lAirwaylClearancelTechniqueslandlHyperinflationlTherapy
Chapterl13.lAirwaylManagement
Chapterl14.lSurfactantlReplacementlTherapy
Chapterl15.lNoninvasivelMechanicallVentilationlandlContinuouslPositivelPressureloflthelNeonate
Chapterl16.lNoninvasivelMechanicallVentilationloflthelInfantlandlChild
Chapterl17.lInvasivelMechanicallVentilationloflthelNeonatelandlPediatriclPatient
Chapterl18.lAdministrationloflGaslMixtures
Chapterl19.lExtracorporeallMembranelOxygenation
Chapterl20.lPharmacology
Chapterl21.lThoraciclOrganlTransplantation
Chapterl22.lNeonatallPulmonarylDisorders
Chapterl23.lSurgicallDisorderslinlChildhoodlthatlAffectlRespiratorylCare
Chapterl24.lCongenitallCardiaclDefects
Chapterl25.lPediatriclSleep-DisorderedlBreathing
Chapterl26.lPediatriclAirwaylDisorderslandlParenchymallLunglDiseases
Chapterl27.lAsthma
Chapterl28.lCysticlFibrosis
Chapterl29.lAcutelRespiratorylDistresslSyndrome
Chapterl30.lShock
Chapterl31.lPediatriclTrauma
Chapterl32.lDisordersloflthelPleura
Chapterl33.lNeurologicallandlNeuromuscularlDisorders
Chapterl34.lPediatriclEmergencies
Chapterl35.lHomelCareloflthelPostpartumlFamily
Chapterl36.lQualitylandlSafety
,Chapterl1:lFetallLunglDevelopment
Walsh:lNeonatall&lPediatriclRespiratorylCarel5thlEditionlTestlBankl(2020)
MULTIPLElCHOICE
1. Whichloflthelfollowinglphasesloflhumanllungldevelopmentlislcharacterizedlbylthelformationloflal
capillarylnetworklaroundlairwaylpassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular
ANS:l D
Thelcanalicularlphaselfollowslthelpseudoglandularlphase,llastinglfromlapproximatelyl17lweekslt
ol26lweeksloflgestation.lThislphaselislsolnamedlbecauseloflthelappearanceloflvascularlchannels,lorl
capillaries,lwhichlbeginltolgrowlbylforminglalcapillarylnetworklaroundlthelairlpassages.lDuringlt
helpseudoglandularlstage,lwhichlbeginslatldayl52landlextendsltolweekl16loflgestation,lthelairwayl
systemlsubdivideslextensivelylandlthelconductinglairwaylsystemldevelops,lendinglwithltheltermi
nallbronchioles.lThelsaccularlstagelofldevelopment,lwhichltakeslplacelfromlweeksl29ltol36loflgest
ation,lislcharacterizedlbyltheldevelopmentloflsacslthatllaterlbecomelalveoli.lDuringlthelsaccularlph
ase,laltremendouslincreaselinlthelpotentiallgas-
lexchanginglsurfacelarealoccurs.lTheldistinctionlbetweenlthelsaccularlstagelandlthelalveolarlstagel
islarbitrary.lThelalveolarlstagelstretcheslfroml39lweeksloflgestationltolterm.lThislstagelislrepresen
tedlbylthelestablishmentloflalveoli.
REF:l pp.l 3-5
2. Regardinglpostnatalllunglgrowth,lbylapproximatelylwhatlageldolmostloflthelalveolilthatlwilllbelpr
esentlinlthellungslforllifeldevelop?
a. 6lmonths
b. 1lyear
c. 1.5lyears
d. 2lyears
ANS:l C
Mostloflthelpostnatallformationloflalveolilinlthelinfantloccursloverlthelfirstl1.5lyearslofllife.lAtl2l y
earsloflage,lthelnumberloflalveolilvarieslsubstantiallylamonglindividuals.lAfterl2l yearsloflage,lmal
eslhavelmorelalveolilthanldolfemales.lAfterlalveolarlmultiplicationlends,lthelalveolilcontinueltoli
ncreaselinlsizeluntillthoraciclgrowthlislcompleted.
REF:l p.l6
3. Thelrespiratoryltherapistl islevaluatinglalnewbornlwithlmildlrespiratoryldistressldueltoltracheallsten
osis.lDuringlwhichlperiodlofllungldevelopmentldidlthislproblemldevelop?
, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:l A
Thelinitiallstructuresloflthelpulmonaryltreeldeveloplduringlthelembryonallstage.lErrorslinldevelo
pmentlduringlthisltimelmaylresultlinllaryngeal,ltracheal,lorlesophageallatresialorlstenosis.lPulmo
narylhypoplasia,lanlincompleteldevelopmentloflthellungslcharacterizedlbylanlabnormallyllowlnu
mberland/orlsizeloflbronchopulmonarylsegmentsland/orlalveoli,lcanldeveloplduringlthelpseudo
glandularlphase.lIflthelfetuslislbornlduringlthelcanalicularlphasel(i.e.,lprematurely),lseverelrespir
atoryldistresslcanlbelexpectedlbecauselthelinadequatelyldevelopedlairways,lalonglwithlinsuffici
entlandlimmaturelsurfactantlproductionlbylalveolarltypelIIlcells,lgiveslriseltolthelconstellationlofl
problemslknownlaslinfantlrespiratoryldistresslsyndrome.
REF:lllp.l6
4. Whichloflthelfollowinglmechanismslisl(are)lresponsiblelforlthelpossiblelassociationlbetweenlolig
ohydramnioslandllunglhypoplasia?
I. Abnormallcarbohydratelmetabolism
II. Mechanicallrestrictionloflthelchestlwall
III. Interferencelwithlfetallbreathing
IV. Failureltolproducelfetalllunglliquid
a. Ilandl IIIlonly
b. IIlandl IIIlonly
c. I,lII,landl IVlonly
d. II,l III,landlIVlonly
ANS:l D
Oligohydramnios,lalreducedlquantityloflamnioticlfluidlpresentlforlanlextendedlperiodlofltime,lwith
lorlwithoutlrenallanomalies,lislassociatedlwithllunglhypoplasia.lThelmechanismslbyl whichlamniot
iclfluidlvolumelinfluencesllunglgrowthlremainlunclear.lPossiblelexplanationslforlreducedlquantityl
oflamnioticlfluidlincludelmechanicallrestrictionloflthelchestlwall,linterferencelwithlfetallbreathing
,lorlfailureltolproducelfetalllunglliquid.lTheselclinicallandlexperimentallobservationslpossiblylpoin
tltolalcommonldenominator,llunglstretch,laslbeinglalmajorlgrowthlstimulant.
REF:l pp.l6-7
5. Whatlislthelpurposeloflthelsubstancelsecretedlbyltheltypel IIlpneumocyte?
a. Tolincreaselthelgaslexchangelsurfacelarea
b. Tolreducelsurfaceltension
c. Tolmaintainllunglelasticity
d. Tolpreservelthelvolumeloflthelamnioticlfluid
NEONATAL & PEDIATRICRE
l l l
SPIRATORY CARE l
5th Edition, Walsh
l
l
TESTBANK l
,NeonatallandlPediatriclRespiratorylCare,l5thlEdition,lBrianlK.lWalshlTestlBank
TableloflContents
Chapterl1.lFetallLunglDevelopment
Chapterl2.lFetallGaslExchangelandlCirculation
Chapterl3.lAntenatallAssessmentlandlHigh-RisklDelivery
Chapterl4.lExaminationlandlAssessmentloflthelNeonatallandlPediatriclPatient
Chapterl5.lPulmonarylFunctionlTestinglandlBedsidelPulmonarylMechanics
Chapterl6.lRadiographiclAssessment
Chapterl7.lPediatriclFlexiblelBronchoscopy
Chapterl8.lInvasivelBloodlGaslAnalysislandlCardiovascularlMonitoring
Chapterl9.lNoninvasivelMonitoringlinlNeonatallandlPediatriclCare
Chapterl10.lOxygenlAdministration
Chapterl11.lAerosolslandlAdministrationloflInhaledlMedications
Chapterl12.lAirwaylClearancelTechniqueslandlHyperinflationlTherapy
Chapterl13.lAirwaylManagement
Chapterl14.lSurfactantlReplacementlTherapy
Chapterl15.lNoninvasivelMechanicallVentilationlandlContinuouslPositivelPressureloflthelNeonate
Chapterl16.lNoninvasivelMechanicallVentilationloflthelInfantlandlChild
Chapterl17.lInvasivelMechanicallVentilationloflthelNeonatelandlPediatriclPatient
Chapterl18.lAdministrationloflGaslMixtures
Chapterl19.lExtracorporeallMembranelOxygenation
Chapterl20.lPharmacology
Chapterl21.lThoraciclOrganlTransplantation
Chapterl22.lNeonatallPulmonarylDisorders
Chapterl23.lSurgicallDisorderslinlChildhoodlthatlAffectlRespiratorylCare
Chapterl24.lCongenitallCardiaclDefects
Chapterl25.lPediatriclSleep-DisorderedlBreathing
Chapterl26.lPediatriclAirwaylDisorderslandlParenchymallLunglDiseases
Chapterl27.lAsthma
Chapterl28.lCysticlFibrosis
Chapterl29.lAcutelRespiratorylDistresslSyndrome
Chapterl30.lShock
Chapterl31.lPediatriclTrauma
Chapterl32.lDisordersloflthelPleura
Chapterl33.lNeurologicallandlNeuromuscularlDisorders
Chapterl34.lPediatriclEmergencies
Chapterl35.lHomelCareloflthelPostpartumlFamily
Chapterl36.lQualitylandlSafety
,Chapterl1:lFetallLunglDevelopment
Walsh:lNeonatall&lPediatriclRespiratorylCarel5thlEditionlTestlBankl(2020)
MULTIPLElCHOICE
1. Whichloflthelfollowinglphasesloflhumanllungldevelopmentlislcharacterizedlbylthelformationloflal
capillarylnetworklaroundlairwaylpassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular
ANS:l D
Thelcanalicularlphaselfollowslthelpseudoglandularlphase,llastinglfromlapproximatelyl17lweekslt
ol26lweeksloflgestation.lThislphaselislsolnamedlbecauseloflthelappearanceloflvascularlchannels,lorl
capillaries,lwhichlbeginltolgrowlbylforminglalcapillarylnetworklaroundlthelairlpassages.lDuringlt
helpseudoglandularlstage,lwhichlbeginslatldayl52landlextendsltolweekl16loflgestation,lthelairwayl
systemlsubdivideslextensivelylandlthelconductinglairwaylsystemldevelops,lendinglwithltheltermi
nallbronchioles.lThelsaccularlstagelofldevelopment,lwhichltakeslplacelfromlweeksl29ltol36loflgest
ation,lislcharacterizedlbyltheldevelopmentloflsacslthatllaterlbecomelalveoli.lDuringlthelsaccularlph
ase,laltremendouslincreaselinlthelpotentiallgas-
lexchanginglsurfacelarealoccurs.lTheldistinctionlbetweenlthelsaccularlstagelandlthelalveolarlstagel
islarbitrary.lThelalveolarlstagelstretcheslfroml39lweeksloflgestationltolterm.lThislstagelislrepresen
tedlbylthelestablishmentloflalveoli.
REF:l pp.l 3-5
2. Regardinglpostnatalllunglgrowth,lbylapproximatelylwhatlageldolmostloflthelalveolilthatlwilllbelpr
esentlinlthellungslforllifeldevelop?
a. 6lmonths
b. 1lyear
c. 1.5lyears
d. 2lyears
ANS:l C
Mostloflthelpostnatallformationloflalveolilinlthelinfantloccursloverlthelfirstl1.5lyearslofllife.lAtl2l y
earsloflage,lthelnumberloflalveolilvarieslsubstantiallylamonglindividuals.lAfterl2l yearsloflage,lmal
eslhavelmorelalveolilthanldolfemales.lAfterlalveolarlmultiplicationlends,lthelalveolilcontinueltoli
ncreaselinlsizeluntillthoraciclgrowthlislcompleted.
REF:l p.l6
3. Thelrespiratoryltherapistl islevaluatinglalnewbornlwithlmildlrespiratoryldistressldueltoltracheallsten
osis.lDuringlwhichlperiodlofllungldevelopmentldidlthislproblemldevelop?
, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:l A
Thelinitiallstructuresloflthelpulmonaryltreeldeveloplduringlthelembryonallstage.lErrorslinldevelo
pmentlduringlthisltimelmaylresultlinllaryngeal,ltracheal,lorlesophageallatresialorlstenosis.lPulmo
narylhypoplasia,lanlincompleteldevelopmentloflthellungslcharacterizedlbylanlabnormallyllowlnu
mberland/orlsizeloflbronchopulmonarylsegmentsland/orlalveoli,lcanldeveloplduringlthelpseudo
glandularlphase.lIflthelfetuslislbornlduringlthelcanalicularlphasel(i.e.,lprematurely),lseverelrespir
atoryldistresslcanlbelexpectedlbecauselthelinadequatelyldevelopedlairways,lalonglwithlinsuffici
entlandlimmaturelsurfactantlproductionlbylalveolarltypelIIlcells,lgiveslriseltolthelconstellationlofl
problemslknownlaslinfantlrespiratoryldistresslsyndrome.
REF:lllp.l6
4. Whichloflthelfollowinglmechanismslisl(are)lresponsiblelforlthelpossiblelassociationlbetweenlolig
ohydramnioslandllunglhypoplasia?
I. Abnormallcarbohydratelmetabolism
II. Mechanicallrestrictionloflthelchestlwall
III. Interferencelwithlfetallbreathing
IV. Failureltolproducelfetalllunglliquid
a. Ilandl IIIlonly
b. IIlandl IIIlonly
c. I,lII,landl IVlonly
d. II,l III,landlIVlonly
ANS:l D
Oligohydramnios,lalreducedlquantityloflamnioticlfluidlpresentlforlanlextendedlperiodlofltime,lwith
lorlwithoutlrenallanomalies,lislassociatedlwithllunglhypoplasia.lThelmechanismslbyl whichlamniot
iclfluidlvolumelinfluencesllunglgrowthlremainlunclear.lPossiblelexplanationslforlreducedlquantityl
oflamnioticlfluidlincludelmechanicallrestrictionloflthelchestlwall,linterferencelwithlfetallbreathing
,lorlfailureltolproducelfetalllunglliquid.lTheselclinicallandlexperimentallobservationslpossiblylpoin
tltolalcommonldenominator,llunglstretch,laslbeinglalmajorlgrowthlstimulant.
REF:l pp.l6-7
5. Whatlislthelpurposeloflthelsubstancelsecretedlbyltheltypel IIlpneumocyte?
a. Tolincreaselthelgaslexchangelsurfacelarea
b. Tolreducelsurfaceltension
c. Tolmaintainllunglelasticity
d. Tolpreservelthelvolumeloflthelamnioticlfluid
