,Chapter ,.01: ,.Ethics ,.and ,.Professionalism
Beemsterboer: ,.Ethics ,.and ,.Law ,.in ,.Dental ,.Hygiene, ,.3rd ,.Edition
MULTIPLE ,.CHOICE
1. When ,.was ,.the ,.inception ,.of ,.the ,.profession ,.of ,.dental ,.hygiene?
a. In ,.ancient ,.Greece
b. In ,.the ,.early ,.1800s
c. In ,.the ,.early ,.1900s
d. In ,.1979
ANS: , . C
The ,.scope ,.of ,.practice ,.of ,.a ,.dental ,.hygienist ,.was ,.first ,.established ,.by ,.law ,.in
,.Connecticut ,.in ,.1915. ,.Alfred ,.C. ,.Fones ,.taught ,.his ,.dental ,.assistant, ,.Irene ,.Newman, ,.to
,.treat ,.patients ,.and ,.to ,.teach ,.them ,.to ,.maintain ,.their ,.mouths ,.in ,.a ,.clean ,.state. ,.In ,.1913,
,.Fones ,.established ,.the ,.first ,.school ,.for ,.dental ,.hygienists ,.in ,.Bridgeport, ,.Connecticut. ,.The
,.first ,.oath ,.written ,.for ,.dental ,.hygienists ,.called ,.upon ,.Apollo ,.and ,.Hygeia, ,.who ,.were ,.the
,.Greek ,.god ,.and ,.goddess ,.of ,.health, ,.respectively. ,.A ,.modernized ,.version ,.of ,.the ,.first
,.oath ,.was ,.adopted ,.by ,.the ,.Board ,.of ,.Trustees ,.of ,.the ,.American ,.Dental ,.Hygienists’
,.Association ,.(ADHA) ,.in ,.1979.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.3 OBJ: , . , . 1
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.1 ,.Ethical ,.Principles, ,.including ,.informed ,.consent
2. Which ,.member ,.of ,.the ,.dental ,.team ,.is ,.the ,.primary ,.oral ,.preventive ,.therapist?
a. Dentist
b. Dental ,.hygienist
c. Dental ,.assistant
d. Receptionist
ANS: , . B
The ,.dental ,.hygienist ,.is ,.the ,.oral ,.preventive ,.therapist ,.in ,.the ,.dental ,.office. ,.The ,.dentists
,.who ,.pioneered ,.this ,.special ,.field ,.of ,.endeavor ,.had ,.a ,.vision ,.of ,.the ,.day ,.when ,.dental
,.disease ,.could ,.be ,.prevented ,.by ,.following ,.a ,.system ,.of ,.treatment ,.and ,.cleanliness. ,.The
,.dentist ,.is ,.primarily ,.concerned ,.with ,.restorative ,.treatment, ,.although ,.he ,.or ,.she ,.also ,.shares
,.in ,.preventing ,.oral ,.disease. ,.The ,.dental ,.assistant ,.assists ,.the ,.dentist ,.and ,.may ,.assist ,.the
,.dental ,.hygienist ,.as ,.well. ,.The ,.receptionist ,.greets ,.patients ,.and ,.may ,.help ,.with ,.the
,.business ,.and ,.financial ,.aspects ,.of ,.the ,.practice.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.4 OBJ: , . , . 1
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
3. The ,.dental ,.hygiene ,.oath ,.is ,.revised ,.by ,.action ,.of ,.which ,.of ,.the ,.following
,.professional ,.organizations?
a. The ,.American ,.Dental ,.Association ,.(ADA)
b. The ,.American ,.Dental ,.Hygienists’ ,.Association ,.(ADHA)
c. The ,.Occupational ,.Safety ,.and ,.Health ,.Administration ,.(OSHA)
d. The ,.Organization ,.for ,.Safety, ,.Asepsis, ,.and ,.Prevention ,.(OSAP)
e. The ,.Food ,.and ,.Drug ,.Administration ,.(FDA)
ANS: , . B
, The ,.first ,.dental ,.hygiene ,.oath ,.was ,.adopted ,.by ,.the ,.Board ,.of ,.Trustees ,.of ,.the ,.American
,.Dental ,.Hygienists’ ,.Association ,.(ADHA) ,.in ,.1979 ,.and ,.is ,.still ,.in ,.use ,.today. ,.The ,.oath
,.may ,.be ,.seen ,.at ,.the ,.following ,.website ,. ,.The ,.American ,.Dental ,.Association ,.has ,.an ,.oath
,.for ,.dentists. ,.A ,.copy ,.of ,.each ,.oath ,.may ,.be ,.found ,.in ,.the ,.textbook.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.3 OBJ: , . , . 1
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
4. Society ,.recognizes ,.that ,.health ,.care ,.providers ,.are ,.held ,.to ,.a ,.higher ,.standard ,.than
,.legislative ,.mandate. ,.These ,.higher ,.standards ,.are ,.expressed ,.in ,.professional ,.codes ,.of
,.ethics ,.and ,.are ,.enforced ,.by ,.the ,.legal ,.system.
a. Both ,.statements ,.are ,.true.
b. Both ,.statements ,.are ,.false.
c. The ,.first ,.statement ,.is ,.true, ,.the ,.second ,.statement ,.is ,.false.
d. The ,.first ,.statement ,.is ,.false, ,.the ,.second ,.statement ,.is ,.true.
ANS: , . C
Health ,.care ,.providers ,.are ,.held ,.to ,.a ,.higher ,.standard ,.than ,.can ,.be ,.expressed ,.exclusively
,.by ,.legislative ,.mandate. ,.While ,.it ,.is ,.true ,.that ,.these ,.higher ,.standards ,.are ,.expressed ,.in
,.professional ,.codes ,.of ,.ethics, ,.they ,.are ,.enforced ,.by ,.those ,.within ,.the ,.profession ,.rather
,.than ,.by ,.the ,.legal ,.system. ,.Important ,.components ,.of ,.this ,.enforcement ,.include ,.self-
regulation ,.and ,.submission ,.to ,.peer ,.review.
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.4 OBJ:
, . 1 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
5. Success ,.is ,.measured ,.by ,.financial ,.gain ,.in ,.the ,.corporate ,.world; ,.however, ,.for ,.the
,.health ,.care ,.professional ,.the ,.patient’s ,.welfare ,.is ,.placed ,.above ,.profit.
a. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.and ,.related.
b. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.but ,.NOT ,.related.
c. The ,.statement ,.is ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.NOT.
d. The ,.statement ,.is ,.NOT ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
e. NEITHER ,.the ,.statement ,.NOR ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
ANS: , . A
Because ,.the ,.welfare ,.of ,.the ,.patient ,.is ,.more ,.important ,.than ,.profit, ,.society ,.has ,.granted ,.the
,.health ,.care ,.professional ,.a ,.certain ,.status ,.that ,.carries ,.prestige, ,.power, ,.and ,.the ,.right ,.to
,.apply ,.special ,.knowledge ,.and ,.skills.
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.4 OBJ:
, . 2 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
6. Which ,.of ,.the ,.following ,.is ,.regarded ,.as ,.the ,.most ,.important ,.aspect ,.of ,.the ,.delivery ,.of
,.health ,.care ,.services?
a. Technical ,.skill
b. Appropriate ,.knowledge
c. Critical ,.judgment
d. Caring
ANS: , . D
, Although ,.all ,.of ,.the ,.choices ,.are ,.important, ,.caring ,.is ,.regarded ,.as ,.the ,.most ,.important.
,.Patients ,.perceive ,.this ,.essence ,.of ,.caring ,.and ,.respond ,.to ,.it. ,.Trust ,.is ,.the ,.critical
,.foundation ,.for ,.the ,.relationship ,.between ,.the ,.person ,.seeking ,.services ,.and ,.the ,.health ,.care
,.provider. ,.The ,.caring ,.that ,.the ,.patient ,.seeks ,.also ,.gives ,.the ,.provider ,.the ,.greatest
,.opportunity ,.for ,.professional ,.service ,.and ,.satisfaction.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.4 OBJ: , . , . 2
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
7. The ,.publication ,.―Medical ,.Professionalism ,.in ,.the ,.New ,.Millennium: ,.A ,.Physician
,.Charter‖ ,.set ,.out ,.three ,.fundamental ,.principles, ,.including ,.patient ,.welfare, ,.patient
,.autonomy, ,.and ,.the ,.principle ,.of ,.social ,.justice, ,.because ,.it ,.is ,.thought ,.this ,.will
,.reinvigorate ,.the ,.value ,.of ,.professionalism.
a. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.and ,.related.
b. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.but ,.NOT ,.related.
c. The ,.statement ,.is ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.NOT.
d. The ,.statement ,.is ,.NOT ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
e. NEITHER ,.the ,.statement ,.NOR ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
ANS: , . A
The ,.Physician ,.Charter ,.sets ,.out ,.three ,.fundamental ,.principles ,.that ,.are ,.not ,.new ,.but
,.reinforce ,.the ,.foundation ,.of ,.the ,.medical ,.profession ,.as ,.one ,.of ,.service ,.to ,.others. ,.The
,.ethical ,.principles ,.of ,.the ,.primacy ,.of ,.patient ,.welfare ,.(beneficence ,.and ,.nonmaleficence)
,.and ,.patient ,.autonomy ,.are ,.listed ,.first; ,.the ,.principle ,.of ,.social ,.justice ,.is ,.the ,.third ,.main
,.tenet. ,.The ,.desired ,.goal ,.was ,.to ,.reinvigorate ,.the ,.value ,.of ,.professionalism ,.that ,.includes
,.social ,.responsibility, ,.the ,.ethic ,.of ,.care, ,.and ,.access ,.to ,.that ,.care, ,.for ,.all ,.members ,.of
,.society.
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.5 OBJ:
, . 3 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
8. Each ,.of ,.the ,.following ,.is ,.a ,.requirement ,.for ,.licensure ,.of ,.a ,.dental ,.hygienist ,.in ,.the
,.United ,.States ,.EXCEPT ,.one. ,.Which ,.one ,.is ,.the ,.EXCEPTION?
a. Completion ,.of ,.a ,.higher ,.education ,.accredited ,.program
b. Graduation ,.from ,.a ,.college ,.or ,.university
c. Passed ,.a ,.written ,.national ,.board ,.examination
d. Passed ,.a ,.clinical ,.national ,.board ,.examination
ANS: , . D
There ,.is ,.no ,.clinical ,.national ,.board ,.examination. ,.The ,.dental ,.hygiene ,.candidate ,.for
,.licensure ,.must ,.pass ,.a ,.state ,.or ,.regional ,.clinical ,.examination. ,.Examples ,.of ,.regional
,.boards ,.include ,.the ,.Council ,.of ,.Interstate ,.Testing ,.Agencies ,.(CITA), ,.the ,.Central
,.Regional ,.Dental ,.Testing ,.Services, ,.Inc. ,.(CRDTS), ,.the ,.Commission ,.on ,.Dental
,.Competency ,.Assessments ,.(CDCA), ,.the ,.Southern ,.Regional ,.Testing ,.Agency, ,.Inc.
,.(SRTA), ,.and ,.the ,.Western ,.Regional ,.Examining ,.Board ,.(WERB).
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.5 OBJ:
, . 3 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
9. Which ,.of ,.the ,.following ,.characteristics ,.is ,.used ,.to ,.separate ,.the ,.professional ,.from ,.the
,.layperson?
a. Competency
b. Quality ,.performance
c. A ,.specialized ,.body ,.of ,.knowledge ,.and ,.skill ,.of ,.value ,.to ,.society
Beemsterboer: ,.Ethics ,.and ,.Law ,.in ,.Dental ,.Hygiene, ,.3rd ,.Edition
MULTIPLE ,.CHOICE
1. When ,.was ,.the ,.inception ,.of ,.the ,.profession ,.of ,.dental ,.hygiene?
a. In ,.ancient ,.Greece
b. In ,.the ,.early ,.1800s
c. In ,.the ,.early ,.1900s
d. In ,.1979
ANS: , . C
The ,.scope ,.of ,.practice ,.of ,.a ,.dental ,.hygienist ,.was ,.first ,.established ,.by ,.law ,.in
,.Connecticut ,.in ,.1915. ,.Alfred ,.C. ,.Fones ,.taught ,.his ,.dental ,.assistant, ,.Irene ,.Newman, ,.to
,.treat ,.patients ,.and ,.to ,.teach ,.them ,.to ,.maintain ,.their ,.mouths ,.in ,.a ,.clean ,.state. ,.In ,.1913,
,.Fones ,.established ,.the ,.first ,.school ,.for ,.dental ,.hygienists ,.in ,.Bridgeport, ,.Connecticut. ,.The
,.first ,.oath ,.written ,.for ,.dental ,.hygienists ,.called ,.upon ,.Apollo ,.and ,.Hygeia, ,.who ,.were ,.the
,.Greek ,.god ,.and ,.goddess ,.of ,.health, ,.respectively. ,.A ,.modernized ,.version ,.of ,.the ,.first
,.oath ,.was ,.adopted ,.by ,.the ,.Board ,.of ,.Trustees ,.of ,.the ,.American ,.Dental ,.Hygienists’
,.Association ,.(ADHA) ,.in ,.1979.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.3 OBJ: , . , . 1
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.1 ,.Ethical ,.Principles, ,.including ,.informed ,.consent
2. Which ,.member ,.of ,.the ,.dental ,.team ,.is ,.the ,.primary ,.oral ,.preventive ,.therapist?
a. Dentist
b. Dental ,.hygienist
c. Dental ,.assistant
d. Receptionist
ANS: , . B
The ,.dental ,.hygienist ,.is ,.the ,.oral ,.preventive ,.therapist ,.in ,.the ,.dental ,.office. ,.The ,.dentists
,.who ,.pioneered ,.this ,.special ,.field ,.of ,.endeavor ,.had ,.a ,.vision ,.of ,.the ,.day ,.when ,.dental
,.disease ,.could ,.be ,.prevented ,.by ,.following ,.a ,.system ,.of ,.treatment ,.and ,.cleanliness. ,.The
,.dentist ,.is ,.primarily ,.concerned ,.with ,.restorative ,.treatment, ,.although ,.he ,.or ,.she ,.also ,.shares
,.in ,.preventing ,.oral ,.disease. ,.The ,.dental ,.assistant ,.assists ,.the ,.dentist ,.and ,.may ,.assist ,.the
,.dental ,.hygienist ,.as ,.well. ,.The ,.receptionist ,.greets ,.patients ,.and ,.may ,.help ,.with ,.the
,.business ,.and ,.financial ,.aspects ,.of ,.the ,.practice.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.4 OBJ: , . , . 1
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
3. The ,.dental ,.hygiene ,.oath ,.is ,.revised ,.by ,.action ,.of ,.which ,.of ,.the ,.following
,.professional ,.organizations?
a. The ,.American ,.Dental ,.Association ,.(ADA)
b. The ,.American ,.Dental ,.Hygienists’ ,.Association ,.(ADHA)
c. The ,.Occupational ,.Safety ,.and ,.Health ,.Administration ,.(OSHA)
d. The ,.Organization ,.for ,.Safety, ,.Asepsis, ,.and ,.Prevention ,.(OSAP)
e. The ,.Food ,.and ,.Drug ,.Administration ,.(FDA)
ANS: , . B
, The ,.first ,.dental ,.hygiene ,.oath ,.was ,.adopted ,.by ,.the ,.Board ,.of ,.Trustees ,.of ,.the ,.American
,.Dental ,.Hygienists’ ,.Association ,.(ADHA) ,.in ,.1979 ,.and ,.is ,.still ,.in ,.use ,.today. ,.The ,.oath
,.may ,.be ,.seen ,.at ,.the ,.following ,.website ,. ,.The ,.American ,.Dental ,.Association ,.has ,.an ,.oath
,.for ,.dentists. ,.A ,.copy ,.of ,.each ,.oath ,.may ,.be ,.found ,.in ,.the ,.textbook.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.3 OBJ: , . , . 1
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
4. Society ,.recognizes ,.that ,.health ,.care ,.providers ,.are ,.held ,.to ,.a ,.higher ,.standard ,.than
,.legislative ,.mandate. ,.These ,.higher ,.standards ,.are ,.expressed ,.in ,.professional ,.codes ,.of
,.ethics ,.and ,.are ,.enforced ,.by ,.the ,.legal ,.system.
a. Both ,.statements ,.are ,.true.
b. Both ,.statements ,.are ,.false.
c. The ,.first ,.statement ,.is ,.true, ,.the ,.second ,.statement ,.is ,.false.
d. The ,.first ,.statement ,.is ,.false, ,.the ,.second ,.statement ,.is ,.true.
ANS: , . C
Health ,.care ,.providers ,.are ,.held ,.to ,.a ,.higher ,.standard ,.than ,.can ,.be ,.expressed ,.exclusively
,.by ,.legislative ,.mandate. ,.While ,.it ,.is ,.true ,.that ,.these ,.higher ,.standards ,.are ,.expressed ,.in
,.professional ,.codes ,.of ,.ethics, ,.they ,.are ,.enforced ,.by ,.those ,.within ,.the ,.profession ,.rather
,.than ,.by ,.the ,.legal ,.system. ,.Important ,.components ,.of ,.this ,.enforcement ,.include ,.self-
regulation ,.and ,.submission ,.to ,.peer ,.review.
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.4 OBJ:
, . 1 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
5. Success ,.is ,.measured ,.by ,.financial ,.gain ,.in ,.the ,.corporate ,.world; ,.however, ,.for ,.the
,.health ,.care ,.professional ,.the ,.patient’s ,.welfare ,.is ,.placed ,.above ,.profit.
a. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.and ,.related.
b. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.but ,.NOT ,.related.
c. The ,.statement ,.is ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.NOT.
d. The ,.statement ,.is ,.NOT ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
e. NEITHER ,.the ,.statement ,.NOR ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
ANS: , . A
Because ,.the ,.welfare ,.of ,.the ,.patient ,.is ,.more ,.important ,.than ,.profit, ,.society ,.has ,.granted ,.the
,.health ,.care ,.professional ,.a ,.certain ,.status ,.that ,.carries ,.prestige, ,.power, ,.and ,.the ,.right ,.to
,.apply ,.special ,.knowledge ,.and ,.skills.
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.4 OBJ:
, . 2 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
6. Which ,.of ,.the ,.following ,.is ,.regarded ,.as ,.the ,.most ,.important ,.aspect ,.of ,.the ,.delivery ,.of
,.health ,.care ,.services?
a. Technical ,.skill
b. Appropriate ,.knowledge
c. Critical ,.judgment
d. Caring
ANS: , . D
, Although ,.all ,.of ,.the ,.choices ,.are ,.important, ,.caring ,.is ,.regarded ,.as ,.the ,.most ,.important.
,.Patients ,.perceive ,.this ,.essence ,.of ,.caring ,.and ,.respond ,.to ,.it. ,.Trust ,.is ,.the ,.critical
,.foundation ,.for ,.the ,.relationship ,.between ,.the ,.person ,.seeking ,.services ,.and ,.the ,.health ,.care
,.provider. ,.The ,.caring ,.that ,.the ,.patient ,.seeks ,.also ,.gives ,.the ,.provider ,.the ,.greatest
,.opportunity ,.for ,.professional ,.service ,.and ,.satisfaction.
DIF: Recall REF: , . , . p. ,.4 OBJ: , . , . 2
TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
7. The ,.publication ,.―Medical ,.Professionalism ,.in ,.the ,.New ,.Millennium: ,.A ,.Physician
,.Charter‖ ,.set ,.out ,.three ,.fundamental ,.principles, ,.including ,.patient ,.welfare, ,.patient
,.autonomy, ,.and ,.the ,.principle ,.of ,.social ,.justice, ,.because ,.it ,.is ,.thought ,.this ,.will
,.reinvigorate ,.the ,.value ,.of ,.professionalism.
a. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.and ,.related.
b. Both ,.the ,.statement ,.and ,.reason ,.are ,.correct ,.but ,.NOT ,.related.
c. The ,.statement ,.is ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.NOT.
d. The ,.statement ,.is ,.NOT ,.correct, ,.but ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
e. NEITHER ,.the ,.statement ,.NOR ,.the ,.reason ,.is ,.correct.
ANS: , . A
The ,.Physician ,.Charter ,.sets ,.out ,.three ,.fundamental ,.principles ,.that ,.are ,.not ,.new ,.but
,.reinforce ,.the ,.foundation ,.of ,.the ,.medical ,.profession ,.as ,.one ,.of ,.service ,.to ,.others. ,.The
,.ethical ,.principles ,.of ,.the ,.primacy ,.of ,.patient ,.welfare ,.(beneficence ,.and ,.nonmaleficence)
,.and ,.patient ,.autonomy ,.are ,.listed ,.first; ,.the ,.principle ,.of ,.social ,.justice ,.is ,.the ,.third ,.main
,.tenet. ,.The ,.desired ,.goal ,.was ,.to ,.reinvigorate ,.the ,.value ,.of ,.professionalism ,.that ,.includes
,.social ,.responsibility, ,.the ,.ethic ,.of ,.care, ,.and ,.access ,.to ,.that ,.care, ,.for ,.all ,.members ,.of
,.society.
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.5 OBJ:
, . 3 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
8. Each ,.of ,.the ,.following ,.is ,.a ,.requirement ,.for ,.licensure ,.of ,.a ,.dental ,.hygienist ,.in ,.the
,.United ,.States ,.EXCEPT ,.one. ,.Which ,.one ,.is ,.the ,.EXCEPTION?
a. Completion ,.of ,.a ,.higher ,.education ,.accredited ,.program
b. Graduation ,.from ,.a ,.college ,.or ,.university
c. Passed ,.a ,.written ,.national ,.board ,.examination
d. Passed ,.a ,.clinical ,.national ,.board ,.examination
ANS: , . D
There ,.is ,.no ,.clinical ,.national ,.board ,.examination. ,.The ,.dental ,.hygiene ,.candidate ,.for
,.licensure ,.must ,.pass ,.a ,.state ,.or ,.regional ,.clinical ,.examination. ,.Examples ,.of ,.regional
,.boards ,.include ,.the ,.Council ,.of ,.Interstate ,.Testing ,.Agencies ,.(CITA), ,.the ,.Central
,.Regional ,.Dental ,.Testing ,.Services, ,.Inc. ,.(CRDTS), ,.the ,.Commission ,.on ,.Dental
,.Competency ,.Assessments ,.(CDCA), ,.the ,.Southern ,.Regional ,.Testing ,.Agency, ,.Inc.
,.(SRTA), ,.and ,.the ,.Western ,.Regional ,.Examining ,.Board ,.(WERB).
DIF: Comprehension REF: , . p. ,.5 OBJ:
, . 3 ,.TOP: , . 7.0 ,.Professional ,.Responsibility ,.| ,.7.4 ,.General
9. Which ,.of ,.the ,.following ,.characteristics ,.is ,.used ,.to ,.separate ,.the ,.professional ,.from ,.the
,.layperson?
a. Competency
b. Quality ,.performance
c. A ,.specialized ,.body ,.of ,.knowledge ,.and ,.skill ,.of ,.value ,.to ,.society
