Test Bank for Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (Guyton Physiology) 14th Edition by John E. Hall & Michael E. Hall , ISBN: 9780323597128 |All Chapters Verified| Guide A+

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TEST BANK
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, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14e
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Chapter 01: Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the
―Internal Environment
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which of the following statements about homeostasis is incorrect?
a. It refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment for the body.
b. Homeostatic mechanisms do not operate in diseases.
c. Homeostasis requires integrated actions of the cells, tissues, organs, and multiple
nervous, hormonal, and local control systems.
d. Homeostatic compensations that begin after a major environmental challenge may
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contribute to abnormalities of body function.
ANS: B
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2. What is the most abundant type of cell in the human body?
a. Neuron
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b. Epithelial cell
c. Red blood cell
d. White blood cell
e. Vascular smooth muscle cell
f. Skeletal muscle cell
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ANS: C

3. The most abundant substance in the human body and the approximate percentage of that
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substance in the body is which of the following?
a. Protein, 30%
b. Protein, 60%
c. Water, 30%
d. Water, 60%
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e. Carbohydrate, 30%
f. Carbohydrate, 60%

ANS: D
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4. If the feedback gain of a control system is 2.0, this means that the system is
a. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
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b. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
c. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
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the system.

, d. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
e. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
the system.
f. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
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the system.

ANS: B

5. Which of the following substances has the highest extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid
concentration ratio for most mammalian cells?
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a. Sodium ions
b. Potassium ions
c. Carbon dioxide
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d. Glucose
e. Protein

ANS: A

6. Exchange of substances between the cardiovascular system and the interstitial fluid occurs
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mainly in which of the following?
a. Arteries
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b. Arterioles
c. Capillaries
d. Venules
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e. Veins

ANS: C

7. What is the approximate distance from the capillaries to most cells of the body?
a. Less than 50 angstroms
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b. Less than 50 microns
c. Less than 50 millimeters
d. Less than 100 angstroms
e. Less than 100 microns
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f. Less than 100 millimeters

ANS: A

8. When a person is at rest, how much time is required for the blood in the circulation to
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traverse the entire circulatory circuit?
a. 1 second
b. 1 minute
c. 3 minutes
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d. 4 minutes
e. 5 minutes

ANS: B
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9. The type of control system that can sometimes cause instability and vicious cycles is
called
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, a. negative feedback.
b. feed-forward control.
c. positive feedback.
d. adaptive feedback.
e. delayed negative feedback.
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ANS: C

10. Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the body?
a. Return of blood pressure toward normal after a hemorrhage
b. Generation of action potentials in nerves
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c. Increased respiration rate caused by accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood
d. Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity that occurs in response to
increased blood pressure
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ANS: B

11. Which of the following is an example of a ―feed-forward‖ control system?
a. The arterial baroreceptor system
b. The progressive nature of uterine contractions during childbirth
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c. Control of skeletal muscle movements by the brain
d. Generation of an action potential
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ANS: C

12. Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
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Example 1: Arterial baroreceptor control of blood pressure
Example 2: Excitation of the respiratory center by increased blood carbon dioxide
concentration
Example 3: Hemorrhagic shock caused by severe blood loss
a. Example 1 only
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b. Example 2 only
c. Example 3 only
d. Examples 1 and 2, but not 3
e. Examples 1, 2, and 3
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ANS: D


Chapter 02: The Cell and Its Functions
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Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. The most abundant cell membrane lipids are
a. sphingolipids.
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b. phospholipids.
c. cholesterol.
d. triglycerides.
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e. sterols.