CT SCAN

Computed Tomography (CT) Scan




Computed tomography (CT) scan, also known as computerized axial
tomography (CAT), or CT scanning computerized tomography is a painless,
non-invasive diagnostic imaging procedure that produces cross-sectional images of several types of
tissue not clearly seen on a traditional X-ray.

CT scans may be performed with or without contrast medium. A contrast may either be an iodine-
based or barium-sulfate compound that is taken orally, rectally, or intravenously which can enhance
the visibility of specific tissues, organs, or blood vessels. The duration of the procedure will depend
on the area being scanned.

Procedure

1. The patient is positioned on an adjustable table inside an encircling body scanner (gantry);
straps and pillows may be used to help in maintaining the correct position.
2. The patient may be instructed to hold his breath during the scanning.
3. A series of transverse radiographs are taken and recorded
4. The information is reconstructed by a computer and selected images are photographed.
5. Once the images are reviewed, an I.V. contrast enhancement may be ordered and additional
images are obtained.
6. The patient is assessed carefully for adverse effects to the contrast medium.

, Types

Abdominal and pelvic

CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis combines radiologic and computer technology to determine the
cause of unexplainable abdominal or pelvic pain and diseases of the bladder, uterus, liver, colon,
small bowel, and other internal organs.


Indication Abnormal Results



 Detects inflammatory process
 Abscesses
 Inspect soft tissue and organs of the abdomen, pelvis and
 Cysts
retroperitoneal space
 Obstructive disease from
 Evaluates trauma
a tumor or calculi
 Helps in the staging of neoplasms
 Primary and metastatic
 Detects edema, hemorrhage, cysts, and tumors
neoplasms
 Measures effectiveness to chemotherapy



Bone and skeletal

Computed tomography (CT) scan of the bone is indicated to provide information and assess the
severity of different bone diseases and conditions such as fractures, cancer, and infection.


Indication Abnormal Results



 Bone fractures
 Joint
 Identify any joint abnormalities
abnormalities
 Determine abnormalities in the upper and lower spine
 Primary bone
 Detect unsual active bone formation
tumors
 Establish the presence and extent of fractures, ligament, or tendon
 Soft-tissue
injuries, primary bone tumors, skeletal metastases, and soft tissue
tumors
tumors
 Skeletal
metastasis



Brain

Also known as “cranial CT scan” or “Head CT”. It is indicated to provide detailed information on head
injuries, stroke, brain tumors and other diseases affecting the brain.