ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Control
The process of monitoring activities and correcting deviations from standards
Feedforward control
Control at input; anticipates problems.
Concurrent control
Control during process; corrects problems as they happen
Feedback control
Control at output; corrects problems after they occur (US historically likes this one best)
Financial statements are an example of...
Feedback/post-action control
Quality management
consistent conformance to customer expectations
Ideas of quality management (4)
1. intense focus on customer
2. improvement toward 100%
3. improve quality on everything, not just final product
4. employees involved in finding and solving problems
Team
,a group of individuals engaged in collective work that requires joint effort and generates
positive synergy
Synergy
when output is greater than the sum total of inputs
4 types of teams
Functional, cross-functional, problem-solving, self-managed
Functional team
team that works within a department of an organization
Cross-functional team
team that is made up of different department members
problem-solving team
team whose purpose is to solve a specific problem
self-managed team
team where members manage themselves, leadership shared, very popular
4 stages of team development
1. Forming (uncertainty)
2. Storming (conflict)
3. Norming (cohesiveness)
4. Performing (functionality)
Characteristics of effective teams
clear unity of purpose
self-conscious
clear & demanding goals
, informal, comfortable, relaxed
extensive participation in discussions
freedom to express ideas
disagreement is viewed as good
general agreement on decisions
everyone carries their weight
frequent constructive criticism
shared leadership
Characteristics of groupthink
social pressure against divergent views
self-censorship of ideas
illusion of invulnerability
striving for illusion of unanimity
stereotyped views of enemies
illusion of morality
Characteristics of teamthink
encourages divergent views
open expression of ideas
awareness of limitations
recognition of individual opinions
utilization of non-stereotypical views
recognition of ethical consequences
Communication