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NSG120
NSG120/ NSG 120 FINAL EXAM: (NEW 2025/
2026 UPDATE) NURSING PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
GUIDE| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100%
CORRECT (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
Breast cancer prevention - ANS ✓diet, exercise, maintaining healthy body weight,
pregnancy and breastfeeding decisions, routine screenings--esp for women with a
family history
Hormones and Menstrual Cycle - ANS ✓- After menses, FSH is secreted and
causes ovarian follicle to mature. The follicle secretes estrogen, which thickens
uterine lining.
•Mid-way through the cycle, LH levels greatly increase and cause ovulation
•The ovarian follicle increases progesterone production to help the uterus to prepare
for a potential implantation of a fertilized ovum.
•If no fertilization, estrogen and progesterone levels drop and the uterine lining
degenerates, resulting in menstruation.
Cancer of the prostate - ANS ✓Leading cancer in older males; A hard area on the
prostate or hard, fixed, irregular nodules on the prostate suggest cancer. The median
sulcus may not be palpable.
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S/S of prostate cancer - ANS ✓initally asymptomatic.
Urinary obstuction-blood in urine or semen, painful ejaculation
Symptoms are similar to BPH
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - ANS ✓enlargement of the prostate gland. More
common in older males
BPH s/s - ANS ✓hesitancy and straining during urination.
Decreased strength of the urine stream (weak flow).
Dribbling after urination.
Feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.
An urge to urinate again soon after urinating.
Pain during urination (dysuria).
Cancer of the Testes - ANS ✓Most testicular tumors are malignant.
1 in 300 affected
Most common solid tumor cancer in young men
Number of cases increasing
Testicular self-examination is essential for early detection.
May originate from one type of cell or mixed cells from various sources
Teratoma—tumor consisting of mixture of different germ cells
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Some malignant tumors secrete hcg or AFP, which serve as useful markers for
diagnosis.
S/s of testicular cancer - ANS ✓scrotal "fullness or heaviness," may NOT experience
pain, dull ache in lower abdomen or groin, lump in testicle, sudden collection of fluid
in scrotum, later enlarged tender breasts (gynecomastia)
Testes function - ANS ✓produce sperm and testosterone
Hyperparathyroidism treatment - ANS ✓Surgery
Volume replacement
Improve GFR
Increase Ca+ excretion
Diuretics
Cause of hypoparathyroidism - ANS ✓-removal of thyroid
-trauma to glands
Hypoparathyroidism treatment - ANS ✓vit D+ca supplementation
If low serum Ca, high urine Ca, add diuretic thiazide
Hyperthyroidism symptoms - ANS ✓Nervousness, weight loss despite increased
appetite, excessive sweating and heat intolerance, palpitations, frequent bowel
movements, muscular weakness of the proximal type and tremor
NSG120
NSG120
NSG120/ NSG 120 FINAL EXAM: (NEW 2025/
2026 UPDATE) NURSING PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
GUIDE| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100%
CORRECT (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
Breast cancer prevention - ANS ✓diet, exercise, maintaining healthy body weight,
pregnancy and breastfeeding decisions, routine screenings--esp for women with a
family history
Hormones and Menstrual Cycle - ANS ✓- After menses, FSH is secreted and
causes ovarian follicle to mature. The follicle secretes estrogen, which thickens
uterine lining.
•Mid-way through the cycle, LH levels greatly increase and cause ovulation
•The ovarian follicle increases progesterone production to help the uterus to prepare
for a potential implantation of a fertilized ovum.
•If no fertilization, estrogen and progesterone levels drop and the uterine lining
degenerates, resulting in menstruation.
Cancer of the prostate - ANS ✓Leading cancer in older males; A hard area on the
prostate or hard, fixed, irregular nodules on the prostate suggest cancer. The median
sulcus may not be palpable.
NSG120
, 2
NSG120
S/S of prostate cancer - ANS ✓initally asymptomatic.
Urinary obstuction-blood in urine or semen, painful ejaculation
Symptoms are similar to BPH
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - ANS ✓enlargement of the prostate gland. More
common in older males
BPH s/s - ANS ✓hesitancy and straining during urination.
Decreased strength of the urine stream (weak flow).
Dribbling after urination.
Feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.
An urge to urinate again soon after urinating.
Pain during urination (dysuria).
Cancer of the Testes - ANS ✓Most testicular tumors are malignant.
1 in 300 affected
Most common solid tumor cancer in young men
Number of cases increasing
Testicular self-examination is essential for early detection.
May originate from one type of cell or mixed cells from various sources
Teratoma—tumor consisting of mixture of different germ cells
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NSG120
Some malignant tumors secrete hcg or AFP, which serve as useful markers for
diagnosis.
S/s of testicular cancer - ANS ✓scrotal "fullness or heaviness," may NOT experience
pain, dull ache in lower abdomen or groin, lump in testicle, sudden collection of fluid
in scrotum, later enlarged tender breasts (gynecomastia)
Testes function - ANS ✓produce sperm and testosterone
Hyperparathyroidism treatment - ANS ✓Surgery
Volume replacement
Improve GFR
Increase Ca+ excretion
Diuretics
Cause of hypoparathyroidism - ANS ✓-removal of thyroid
-trauma to glands
Hypoparathyroidism treatment - ANS ✓vit D+ca supplementation
If low serum Ca, high urine Ca, add diuretic thiazide
Hyperthyroidism symptoms - ANS ✓Nervousness, weight loss despite increased
appetite, excessive sweating and heat intolerance, palpitations, frequent bowel
movements, muscular weakness of the proximal type and tremor
NSG120
