AMENORRHEA
,MENSTRUAL CYCLE
• The menstrual cycle refers to the regular cyclic changes in the activity of the
ovaries and the endometrium that make reproduction possible.
• The menstrual cycle actually consits of two interconnected and synchronized
process -
• Ovarian cycle – centers on the development of Ovarian follicles and Ovulation
• Uterine / endometrial cycle – centers on the way in which the functional
endometrium thickens and sheds in response to ovarian activity.
,PHASES OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE
OVARY ENDOMETRIUM
• Follicular phase • Menstrual and Proliferative phase
• Luteal Phase • Secretory phase
, MENSTRUAL CYCLE
• Menstruation and menstrual cycle as a whole are controlled by the
Hypothalamus and the Pituitary gland, all the way up in the brain.
• The hypothalamus secretes GnRH, which makes the nearby pituitary gland to
release FSH and LH.
• Before puberty, GnRH is released at a steady rate, but once puberty hits, GnRH
is released in pulses, sometimes more and sometimes less.
• The Frequency and Magnitude of the GnRH pulses determine how much FSH
and LH will be produced by the pituitary.
,MENSTRUAL CYCLE
• The menstrual cycle refers to the regular cyclic changes in the activity of the
ovaries and the endometrium that make reproduction possible.
• The menstrual cycle actually consits of two interconnected and synchronized
process -
• Ovarian cycle – centers on the development of Ovarian follicles and Ovulation
• Uterine / endometrial cycle – centers on the way in which the functional
endometrium thickens and sheds in response to ovarian activity.
,PHASES OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE
OVARY ENDOMETRIUM
• Follicular phase • Menstrual and Proliferative phase
• Luteal Phase • Secretory phase
, MENSTRUAL CYCLE
• Menstruation and menstrual cycle as a whole are controlled by the
Hypothalamus and the Pituitary gland, all the way up in the brain.
• The hypothalamus secretes GnRH, which makes the nearby pituitary gland to
release FSH and LH.
• Before puberty, GnRH is released at a steady rate, but once puberty hits, GnRH
is released in pulses, sometimes more and sometimes less.
• The Frequency and Magnitude of the GnRH pulses determine how much FSH
and LH will be produced by the pituitary.
