ModernmDatabasemManagement,m13thmEdition,mJeffmHoffer,mRames
h
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13th
m m m m m m m
Edition, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, Heikki
m m m m m m
Topi, ISBN-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
m m m
9780134877006. All 14 Chapters
m m m
TestmBan Pagem1
k
, ModernmDatabasemManagement,m13thmEdition,mJeffmHoffer,mRames
h
Chapter 1 the Database Environment andDevelopm
m m m m m m
ent Process
m
Chapter Overviewm
Thempurposemofmthismchaptermismtomintroducemstudentsmtomthemworldmofmdatammanagementmasmamwhole,mandm
specificallymtomthemdatabasemapproachmtominformationmsystemsmdevelopment,mthemimportantmconceptsmandm
principlesmofmthemdatabasemapproach,mandmthemdatabasemdevelopmentmprocessmwithinmthembroadermcontextm
ofminformationmsystemsmdevelopment.mThismismanmimportantmchaptermbecausemitmconveysmamsensemofmthemce
ntralmimportancemofmdatabasesmandmdatammanagementminmtoday’sminformationmsystemsmenvironmentmandmi
nmallmmodernmenterprises.mThemideamofmanmorganizationalmdatabasemismintuitivelymappealingmtommostmstude
nts.mHowever,mmanymstudentsmwillmhavemlittlemormnombackgroundmormexperiencemwithmthem technicalmimple
mentationmofmdatabases.mOthersmwillmhavemhadmsomemexperiencemwithmdatabasemmanagementmsystemsminte
ndedmformpersonalmormworkgroupmusem(suchmasmMicrosoftmAccess).mConsequently,mtheymwillmhavemamlimite
dmperspectivemconcerningmanmorganizationalmapproachmtomdatabases.
Inm thism chapter,m wem introducem them basicm conceptsm andm definitionsm ofm databasesm andm datam managem
ent,mstartingmwithmanmorganizingmframeworkmthatmismnewmtomthismchapter.mWemcontrastmdatamwithminformati
on,mandmintroducemthemnotionmofmmetadatamandmitsmimportance.mWem alsomcontrastmthemdatabasemapproachm
withmoldermfilemprocessingmsystems,mandmintroducemthemPinemValleymFurnituremCompanymcasemtomillustrate
m thesemconcepts.mWemdescribemthemrangemofmdatabasemapplications,mfrommdatabasesmwithmampersonalmormwo
rkgroupmscopemtomenterprisemdatabases,mandmidentifymkeymdecisionsmthatmmustmbemmademformeachmtypemofm
database.mWemdescribembothmthempotentialmbenefitsmandmtypicalmcostsmofmusingmthemdatabasemapproach.mWe
m alsomtracemthemhistoricalmevolutionmofmdatabasemsystems,minmordermtomprovidemamcontextmformunderstanding
m themdatabasemapproachmformdatamstoragemandmretrieval.mThemchaptermoutlinesmthemdifferencesmbetweenmtra
nsactionalmandminformationalmapproachesmandmhighlightsmthemwaymnew,manalytics-
focusedmtechnologiesmaremtransformingmdatammanagement.
Themchaptermalsompresentsmanmexpandedmdescriptionmofmthemsystemsmdevelopmentmlifemcyclem(includingman
m introductionmtomrapidmapplicationmdevelopmentmmethodsmofmprototypingmandmagilemsoftwaremdevelopment
)mandm them rolem ofm databasem developmentm withinm it.m Them chapterm providesm anm updatedm descriptionm ofm the
m well-
TestmBan Pagem2
k
, ModernmDatabasemManagement,m13thmEdition,mJeffmHoffer,mRames
h
knownmthree-
schemamarchitecturemandmusesmitmtomsummarizemthemvariousmdeliverablesmofmdatabasemdevelopment.mItmcon
cludesmwithmanmexamplemofmdatabasemdevelopmentmsituatedminmthemcontextmthemPinemValleymFurnituremCo
mpanymcase.
Chapter Objectives
m
Specificmstudentmlearningmobjectivesmaremincludedmatmthembeginningmofmeachmchapter.mFrommanminstructor’
smpointmofmview,mthemobjectivesmofmthismchaptermaremto:
1. Createmamsensemofmexcitementmconcerningmthemdatamandmdatabasemmanagementmfieldmandmt
hemtypesmofmjobmopportunitiesmthatmaremavailable.
2. Acquaintmstudentsmwithmthembroadmspectrummofmdatabasemapplicationsmandmhowmorganizati
onsmaremusingmdatabasemapplicationsmformcompetitivemadvantage.
3. Introducemthemdatammanagementmframeworkmthatmorganizesmthembookmandmthemconceptualm
spacemofmdatammanagement,mhighlightingmhowmrelationalmtechnologiesmandmnon-
relationalmtechnologiesmcanmbemseenmasmpartmofmthemsamemspace.
4. Introducemthemkeymtermsmandmdefinitionsmthatmdescribemthemdatabasemenvironment.
5. Describemdatammodelsmandmhowmtheymaremusedmtomcapturemthemnaturemandmrelationshipsmam
ongmdata.
6. Describemthemmajormcomponentsmofmthemdatabasemenvironmentmandmhowmthesemcomponent
sminteractmwithmeachmother.
7. Providemamreviewmofmsystemsmdevelopmentmmethodologies,mparticularlymthemsystemsmdeve
lopmentmlifemcycle,mprototyping,mandmagilemsoftwaremdevelopment;mbuildmanmunderstanding
mofmhowmdatabasemdevelopmentmismalignedmwithmthesemmethodologies.
8. Developmanmunderstandingmofmthemdifferentmrolesmwithinminmamdatabasemdevelopmentmteam.
9. Makem studentsm awarem ofm them three-
schemam architecturem andm itsm benefitsm form databasem developmentmandmdesign.
10. Introducem them Pinem Valleym Furniturem Companym case,m whichm ism usedm throughoutm them text
m tomillustratemimportantmconcepts.
11. Introducem them Mountainm Viewm CommunitymHospitalm case,m whichm ism includedm atm them end
m ofmeachmchaptermasmamsourcemformstudentmprojects.
TestmBan Pagem3
k
, ModernmDatabasemManagement,m13thmEdition,mJeffmHoffer,mRames
h
Key Terms
m
Agilemsoftwaremdevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualmschema Databasemapplication Physicalmschema
Constraint Databasemmanagementmsystemm(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterprisemdatammodeling Prototyping
Datamindependence Enterprisemresourcemplanningm(ERP) Relationalmdatabase
Datammodel Entity Repository
Datammodelingmandmdesignmtools Information Systemsm developmentm lifem cyclem (
S
DLC)
Datamwarehouse Logicalmschema Usermview
Classroom Ideasm
1. Startmwithmamdiscussionmofmhowmstudentsminteractmwithmsystemsmbuiltmonmdatabasesmonmamda
ilymbasism(creditmcardmtransactions,mshoppingmcards,mtelephonemcalls,mcellmphonemcontactmlis
ts,mdownloadablemmusic,metc.).mIfmyoumteachminmamclassroommwithmcomputers,maskmstudents
m tomfindmexamplesmofmWebmsitesmthatmappearmtombemaccessingmdatabases.
2. Contrastm them termsm ―data‖m andm ―information.‖m Usingm Figurem 1-
1m asm am startingm point,m havemthemstudentsmprovidemsomemgoodmexamplesmofmdatamandminfor
mationmfrommtheirmownmexperiences.mThismmaymwellmleadmtomsomemdifferencesmofmopinion,
m andmthemconclusionmthatmonemperson’smdatammaymbemanothermperson’sminformation.
3. IntroducemthemconceptmofmmetadatamusingmTablem1-
1.mAskmthemstudentsmtomsuggestmothermmetadatamthatmmightmbemappropriatemformthismexampl
e.
4. Discussmfilemprocessingmsystemsmandmtheirmlimitations,musingmFigurem1-2mandmTablem1-
2.mEmphasizemthatmmanymofmthesemsystemsmaremstillminmusemtoday.
5. IntroducemdatammodelsmusingmFigurem1-
3.mDiscussmthemdifferencesmbetweenmanmenterprisemdatammodelmandmamprojectmdatammodel,m
usingmFiguresm1-3m(a)mandm(b).
TestmBan Pagem4
k
h
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13th
m m m m m m m
Edition, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, Heikki
m m m m m m
Topi, ISBN-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
m m m
9780134877006. All 14 Chapters
m m m
TestmBan Pagem1
k
, ModernmDatabasemManagement,m13thmEdition,mJeffmHoffer,mRames
h
Chapter 1 the Database Environment andDevelopm
m m m m m m
ent Process
m
Chapter Overviewm
Thempurposemofmthismchaptermismtomintroducemstudentsmtomthemworldmofmdatammanagementmasmamwhole,mandm
specificallymtomthemdatabasemapproachmtominformationmsystemsmdevelopment,mthemimportantmconceptsmandm
principlesmofmthemdatabasemapproach,mandmthemdatabasemdevelopmentmprocessmwithinmthembroadermcontextm
ofminformationmsystemsmdevelopment.mThismismanmimportantmchaptermbecausemitmconveysmamsensemofmthemce
ntralmimportancemofmdatabasesmandmdatammanagementminmtoday’sminformationmsystemsmenvironmentmandmi
nmallmmodernmenterprises.mThemideamofmanmorganizationalmdatabasemismintuitivelymappealingmtommostmstude
nts.mHowever,mmanymstudentsmwillmhavemlittlemormnombackgroundmormexperiencemwithmthem technicalmimple
mentationmofmdatabases.mOthersmwillmhavemhadmsomemexperiencemwithmdatabasemmanagementmsystemsminte
ndedmformpersonalmormworkgroupmusem(suchmasmMicrosoftmAccess).mConsequently,mtheymwillmhavemamlimite
dmperspectivemconcerningmanmorganizationalmapproachmtomdatabases.
Inm thism chapter,m wem introducem them basicm conceptsm andm definitionsm ofm databasesm andm datam managem
ent,mstartingmwithmanmorganizingmframeworkmthatmismnewmtomthismchapter.mWemcontrastmdatamwithminformati
on,mandmintroducemthemnotionmofmmetadatamandmitsmimportance.mWem alsomcontrastmthemdatabasemapproachm
withmoldermfilemprocessingmsystems,mandmintroducemthemPinemValleymFurnituremCompanymcasemtomillustrate
m thesemconcepts.mWemdescribemthemrangemofmdatabasemapplications,mfrommdatabasesmwithmampersonalmormwo
rkgroupmscopemtomenterprisemdatabases,mandmidentifymkeymdecisionsmthatmmustmbemmademformeachmtypemofm
database.mWemdescribembothmthempotentialmbenefitsmandmtypicalmcostsmofmusingmthemdatabasemapproach.mWe
m alsomtracemthemhistoricalmevolutionmofmdatabasemsystems,minmordermtomprovidemamcontextmformunderstanding
m themdatabasemapproachmformdatamstoragemandmretrieval.mThemchaptermoutlinesmthemdifferencesmbetweenmtra
nsactionalmandminformationalmapproachesmandmhighlightsmthemwaymnew,manalytics-
focusedmtechnologiesmaremtransformingmdatammanagement.
Themchaptermalsompresentsmanmexpandedmdescriptionmofmthemsystemsmdevelopmentmlifemcyclem(includingman
m introductionmtomrapidmapplicationmdevelopmentmmethodsmofmprototypingmandmagilemsoftwaremdevelopment
)mandm them rolem ofm databasem developmentm withinm it.m Them chapterm providesm anm updatedm descriptionm ofm the
m well-
TestmBan Pagem2
k
, ModernmDatabasemManagement,m13thmEdition,mJeffmHoffer,mRames
h
knownmthree-
schemamarchitecturemandmusesmitmtomsummarizemthemvariousmdeliverablesmofmdatabasemdevelopment.mItmcon
cludesmwithmanmexamplemofmdatabasemdevelopmentmsituatedminmthemcontextmthemPinemValleymFurnituremCo
mpanymcase.
Chapter Objectives
m
Specificmstudentmlearningmobjectivesmaremincludedmatmthembeginningmofmeachmchapter.mFrommanminstructor’
smpointmofmview,mthemobjectivesmofmthismchaptermaremto:
1. Createmamsensemofmexcitementmconcerningmthemdatamandmdatabasemmanagementmfieldmandmt
hemtypesmofmjobmopportunitiesmthatmaremavailable.
2. Acquaintmstudentsmwithmthembroadmspectrummofmdatabasemapplicationsmandmhowmorganizati
onsmaremusingmdatabasemapplicationsmformcompetitivemadvantage.
3. Introducemthemdatammanagementmframeworkmthatmorganizesmthembookmandmthemconceptualm
spacemofmdatammanagement,mhighlightingmhowmrelationalmtechnologiesmandmnon-
relationalmtechnologiesmcanmbemseenmasmpartmofmthemsamemspace.
4. Introducemthemkeymtermsmandmdefinitionsmthatmdescribemthemdatabasemenvironment.
5. Describemdatammodelsmandmhowmtheymaremusedmtomcapturemthemnaturemandmrelationshipsmam
ongmdata.
6. Describemthemmajormcomponentsmofmthemdatabasemenvironmentmandmhowmthesemcomponent
sminteractmwithmeachmother.
7. Providemamreviewmofmsystemsmdevelopmentmmethodologies,mparticularlymthemsystemsmdeve
lopmentmlifemcycle,mprototyping,mandmagilemsoftwaremdevelopment;mbuildmanmunderstanding
mofmhowmdatabasemdevelopmentmismalignedmwithmthesemmethodologies.
8. Developmanmunderstandingmofmthemdifferentmrolesmwithinminmamdatabasemdevelopmentmteam.
9. Makem studentsm awarem ofm them three-
schemam architecturem andm itsm benefitsm form databasem developmentmandmdesign.
10. Introducem them Pinem Valleym Furniturem Companym case,m whichm ism usedm throughoutm them text
m tomillustratemimportantmconcepts.
11. Introducem them Mountainm Viewm CommunitymHospitalm case,m whichm ism includedm atm them end
m ofmeachmchaptermasmamsourcemformstudentmprojects.
TestmBan Pagem3
k
, ModernmDatabasemManagement,m13thmEdition,mJeffmHoffer,mRames
h
Key Terms
m
Agilemsoftwaremdevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualmschema Databasemapplication Physicalmschema
Constraint Databasemmanagementmsystemm(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterprisemdatammodeling Prototyping
Datamindependence Enterprisemresourcemplanningm(ERP) Relationalmdatabase
Datammodel Entity Repository
Datammodelingmandmdesignmtools Information Systemsm developmentm lifem cyclem (
S
DLC)
Datamwarehouse Logicalmschema Usermview
Classroom Ideasm
1. Startmwithmamdiscussionmofmhowmstudentsminteractmwithmsystemsmbuiltmonmdatabasesmonmamda
ilymbasism(creditmcardmtransactions,mshoppingmcards,mtelephonemcalls,mcellmphonemcontactmlis
ts,mdownloadablemmusic,metc.).mIfmyoumteachminmamclassroommwithmcomputers,maskmstudents
m tomfindmexamplesmofmWebmsitesmthatmappearmtombemaccessingmdatabases.
2. Contrastm them termsm ―data‖m andm ―information.‖m Usingm Figurem 1-
1m asm am startingm point,m havemthemstudentsmprovidemsomemgoodmexamplesmofmdatamandminfor
mationmfrommtheirmownmexperiences.mThismmaymwellmleadmtomsomemdifferencesmofmopinion,
m andmthemconclusionmthatmonemperson’smdatammaymbemanothermperson’sminformation.
3. IntroducemthemconceptmofmmetadatamusingmTablem1-
1.mAskmthemstudentsmtomsuggestmothermmetadatamthatmmightmbemappropriatemformthismexampl
e.
4. Discussmfilemprocessingmsystemsmandmtheirmlimitations,musingmFigurem1-2mandmTablem1-
2.mEmphasizemthatmmanymofmthesemsystemsmaremstillminmusemtoday.
5. IntroducemdatammodelsmusingmFigurem1-
3.mDiscussmthemdifferencesmbetweenmanmenterprisemdatammodelmandmamprojectmdatammodel,m
usingmFiguresm1-3m(a)mandm(b).
TestmBan Pagem4
k
