Chapter 1. Cellular injury and adaptation (3):
1.
An example of hypertrophy would be
(a) liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy
(b) breast development at puberty
(c) the uterus during pregnancy
(d) the uterus during menstruation
(e) a papillomavirus induced skin wart
2. Hypertrophy
(a) occurs after partial hepatectomy
(b) increases function of an organ exponentially
(c) is triggered by mechanical and trophic chemicals
(d) occurs after denervation
(e) is usually pathological
3. Which of the following is an example of hypertrophy (2000)
(a) increased liver size after partial hepatectomy
(b) increased size of the female breast at puberty
(c) increased respiratory epithelium seen in vitamin A deficiency
(d) increased size of the uterus in pregnancy
(e) endometrial development in readiness for ovum implantation
4. Metapalsia
(a) can be caused by vitamin B12 deficiency
(b) preserves the mucus secretion in the respiratory tract
(c) is typically irreversible
(d) describes the underlying pathology of Barrett’s oesophagus
(e) is an increase in the number and size of cells in a tissue
5. Hyperplasia is
(a) increase in the size of cells
(b) increase in the number of cells
(c) increase in the number of cellular organelles
(d) increase in the size of the organ
(e) always pathological
6. Examples of hyperplasia include
(a) cardiac enlargement seen in hypertension
(b) fatty liver
(c) skeletal muscle enlargement with weightlifting
(d) glandular epithelium of pubertal breasts
(e) none of the above
7. Which of the following is not associated with atrophy?
, (a) decreased smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(b) decreased rough endoplasmic reticulum
(c) decreased mitochondrial number
(d) lysosomal degradation of cellular components
(e) decreased autophagic vacuoles
8. Regarding atrophy, all are correct except
(a) Persistence of residual bodies
(b) decreased microfilaments
(c) Decreased rough endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Decreased autophagic vacuoles
(e) Decreased smooth endoplasmic reticulum
9. All the following are features of apoptosis except
(a) cell swelling
(b) chromatin condensation
(c) formation of cytoplasmic blebs
(d) lack of inflammation
(e) phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies
10. Irreversible cell injury is characterised by
(a) dispersion of ribosomes
(b) cell swelling
(c) nuclear chromatin clumping
(d) lysosomal rupture
(e) cell membrane defects
11. Pinocytosis (2006)
(a) adds to the cell membrane
(b) is the uptake of small particulate matter
(c) is the vacuolisation of the cell
(d) involves the uptake of opsinised bacteria
(e) involves the uptake of soluble macromolecules
12. Regarding fatty change, which statement is incorrect (p35-6)
(a) it may result from protein malnutrition
(b) it may result from anoxia
(c) it may result from diabetes mellitus
(d) fatty cells are seen sporadically in alcoholic fatty liver
(e) it can be seen in scattered hepatocytes in patients with hepatitis C
13. Fatty change (2004)
(a) occurs during protein malnutrition
(b) is not a feature of hypoxia
(c) is abnormal accumulations of free fatty acids in cells
(d) always impairs cellular function
(e) is sometimes physiological
14. Dystrophic calcification
1.
An example of hypertrophy would be
(a) liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy
(b) breast development at puberty
(c) the uterus during pregnancy
(d) the uterus during menstruation
(e) a papillomavirus induced skin wart
2. Hypertrophy
(a) occurs after partial hepatectomy
(b) increases function of an organ exponentially
(c) is triggered by mechanical and trophic chemicals
(d) occurs after denervation
(e) is usually pathological
3. Which of the following is an example of hypertrophy (2000)
(a) increased liver size after partial hepatectomy
(b) increased size of the female breast at puberty
(c) increased respiratory epithelium seen in vitamin A deficiency
(d) increased size of the uterus in pregnancy
(e) endometrial development in readiness for ovum implantation
4. Metapalsia
(a) can be caused by vitamin B12 deficiency
(b) preserves the mucus secretion in the respiratory tract
(c) is typically irreversible
(d) describes the underlying pathology of Barrett’s oesophagus
(e) is an increase in the number and size of cells in a tissue
5. Hyperplasia is
(a) increase in the size of cells
(b) increase in the number of cells
(c) increase in the number of cellular organelles
(d) increase in the size of the organ
(e) always pathological
6. Examples of hyperplasia include
(a) cardiac enlargement seen in hypertension
(b) fatty liver
(c) skeletal muscle enlargement with weightlifting
(d) glandular epithelium of pubertal breasts
(e) none of the above
7. Which of the following is not associated with atrophy?
, (a) decreased smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(b) decreased rough endoplasmic reticulum
(c) decreased mitochondrial number
(d) lysosomal degradation of cellular components
(e) decreased autophagic vacuoles
8. Regarding atrophy, all are correct except
(a) Persistence of residual bodies
(b) decreased microfilaments
(c) Decreased rough endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Decreased autophagic vacuoles
(e) Decreased smooth endoplasmic reticulum
9. All the following are features of apoptosis except
(a) cell swelling
(b) chromatin condensation
(c) formation of cytoplasmic blebs
(d) lack of inflammation
(e) phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies
10. Irreversible cell injury is characterised by
(a) dispersion of ribosomes
(b) cell swelling
(c) nuclear chromatin clumping
(d) lysosomal rupture
(e) cell membrane defects
11. Pinocytosis (2006)
(a) adds to the cell membrane
(b) is the uptake of small particulate matter
(c) is the vacuolisation of the cell
(d) involves the uptake of opsinised bacteria
(e) involves the uptake of soluble macromolecules
12. Regarding fatty change, which statement is incorrect (p35-6)
(a) it may result from protein malnutrition
(b) it may result from anoxia
(c) it may result from diabetes mellitus
(d) fatty cells are seen sporadically in alcoholic fatty liver
(e) it can be seen in scattered hepatocytes in patients with hepatitis C
13. Fatty change (2004)
(a) occurs during protein malnutrition
(b) is not a feature of hypoxia
(c) is abnormal accumulations of free fatty acids in cells
(d) always impairs cellular function
(e) is sometimes physiological
14. Dystrophic calcification
