DIOGNOSTICS FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE VERSION: AN A+
DISCUSSION.
A 30-year old woman reports 2 years of persistently depressed mood,
accompanied by loss of pleasure in all activities, ruminations that she would be
better off dead, feelings of guilt about, "bad things" she has done, and thoughts
about quitting work because of her inability to make decisions. Although she has
never been treated for depression, she feels so distressed at times that she
wonders if she should be hospitalized. She experiences an increased need for
sleep but still feels fatigued during the day. Her overeating has led to a 12-kg
weight gain. She denies drug or alcohol use, and her medical workup is
completely normal, including lab test for vitamins. The consultation was
prompted by her worsened mood for the past several weeks. What is the most
appropriate diagnosis?
a. Major depressive disorder (MDD)
b. Cyclothymia
c. Bipolar II disorder
d. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), with persistent major depressive
episode
e. MDD with melancholic features
b. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), with persistent major depressive episode
Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) differs from normative shyness in that the
disorder leads to which of the following?
a. social or occupational dysfunction
b. marked social reticence
c. avoidance of social situations
d. derealization or depersonalization
e. pervasive social deficits with poor insight
a. social or occupational dysfunction
,A 45-year-old woman had a choking episode 3 years ago after eating salad. Since
that time she has been afraid to eat a wide range of foods, fearing that she will
choke, This fear has affected her functionality and her ability to eat out with
friends and has contributed to weight loss Which diagnosis best fits this clinical
picture?
A. Bulimia nervosa.
B. Schizophrenia.
C. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.
D. Binge—eating disorder.
E. Adjustment disorder.
C. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.
Which of the following presentations is characteristic of dependent personality
disorder?
A. A pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual
distortions, and eccentricities of behavior
B. A pattern of submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to
be taken care of.
C. A pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects,
and marked impulsivity,
D. A pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.
E. A pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to
negative evaluation.
B. A pattern of submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to be
taken care of.
A 5-year-old boy has difficulty making friends and problems with initiating and
sustaining back-and-forth conversation; reading social cues; and sharing his
feelings with others. He makes good eye contact, has normal speech intonation,
displays facial gestures, and has a range of affect that generally seems
appropriate to the situation. He demonstrates an interest in trains that seems
, abnormal in intensity and focus, and he engages in little imaginative or symbolic
play. Which of the following diagnostic requirements for autism spectrum
disorder are not met in this case?
A. Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
B. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction
C. Deficits in developing and maintaining relationships
D. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities as manifested
by symptoms in two of the specified four categories
E. Symptoms with onset in early childhood that cause clinically significant
impairment
B. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction
A 7 year-old girl presents with a history of normal language skills (vocabulary and
grammar intact) but is unable to use language in a socially pragmatic manner to
share ideas and feelings. She has never made good eye contact, and she has she
has difficulty reading social cues. Consequently, she has had difficulty making
friends, which is further complicated by her being somewhat obsessed with
cartoon characters, which she repetitively scripts. She tends to excessively smell
objects. Because she insists on wearing the same shirt and shorts everyday,
regardless of the season, getting dressed is a difficult activity. These symptoms
date from early childhood and cause significant impairment in her functioning.
What diagnosis best fits this child's presentation.
A. Asperger's disorder.
B. Autism spectrum disorder.
C. Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
D. Social (pragmatic) communication disorder.
E. Rett syndrome.
B. Autism spectrum disorder.
A 15-year—old boy has a long history of nonverbal communication deficits. As an
infant he was unable to follow someone else directing his attention by pointing.
DISCUSSION.
A 30-year old woman reports 2 years of persistently depressed mood,
accompanied by loss of pleasure in all activities, ruminations that she would be
better off dead, feelings of guilt about, "bad things" she has done, and thoughts
about quitting work because of her inability to make decisions. Although she has
never been treated for depression, she feels so distressed at times that she
wonders if she should be hospitalized. She experiences an increased need for
sleep but still feels fatigued during the day. Her overeating has led to a 12-kg
weight gain. She denies drug or alcohol use, and her medical workup is
completely normal, including lab test for vitamins. The consultation was
prompted by her worsened mood for the past several weeks. What is the most
appropriate diagnosis?
a. Major depressive disorder (MDD)
b. Cyclothymia
c. Bipolar II disorder
d. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), with persistent major depressive
episode
e. MDD with melancholic features
b. Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), with persistent major depressive episode
Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) differs from normative shyness in that the
disorder leads to which of the following?
a. social or occupational dysfunction
b. marked social reticence
c. avoidance of social situations
d. derealization or depersonalization
e. pervasive social deficits with poor insight
a. social or occupational dysfunction
,A 45-year-old woman had a choking episode 3 years ago after eating salad. Since
that time she has been afraid to eat a wide range of foods, fearing that she will
choke, This fear has affected her functionality and her ability to eat out with
friends and has contributed to weight loss Which diagnosis best fits this clinical
picture?
A. Bulimia nervosa.
B. Schizophrenia.
C. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.
D. Binge—eating disorder.
E. Adjustment disorder.
C. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.
Which of the following presentations is characteristic of dependent personality
disorder?
A. A pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual
distortions, and eccentricities of behavior
B. A pattern of submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to
be taken care of.
C. A pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects,
and marked impulsivity,
D. A pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.
E. A pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to
negative evaluation.
B. A pattern of submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to be
taken care of.
A 5-year-old boy has difficulty making friends and problems with initiating and
sustaining back-and-forth conversation; reading social cues; and sharing his
feelings with others. He makes good eye contact, has normal speech intonation,
displays facial gestures, and has a range of affect that generally seems
appropriate to the situation. He demonstrates an interest in trains that seems
, abnormal in intensity and focus, and he engages in little imaginative or symbolic
play. Which of the following diagnostic requirements for autism spectrum
disorder are not met in this case?
A. Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
B. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction
C. Deficits in developing and maintaining relationships
D. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities as manifested
by symptoms in two of the specified four categories
E. Symptoms with onset in early childhood that cause clinically significant
impairment
B. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction
A 7 year-old girl presents with a history of normal language skills (vocabulary and
grammar intact) but is unable to use language in a socially pragmatic manner to
share ideas and feelings. She has never made good eye contact, and she has she
has difficulty reading social cues. Consequently, she has had difficulty making
friends, which is further complicated by her being somewhat obsessed with
cartoon characters, which she repetitively scripts. She tends to excessively smell
objects. Because she insists on wearing the same shirt and shorts everyday,
regardless of the season, getting dressed is a difficult activity. These symptoms
date from early childhood and cause significant impairment in her functioning.
What diagnosis best fits this child's presentation.
A. Asperger's disorder.
B. Autism spectrum disorder.
C. Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
D. Social (pragmatic) communication disorder.
E. Rett syndrome.
B. Autism spectrum disorder.
A 15-year—old boy has a long history of nonverbal communication deficits. As an
infant he was unable to follow someone else directing his attention by pointing.
