HURST REVIEW NCLEX RN READINESS EXAM 3: LATEST A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS EDITION.
In the first 24 hours of a Burn the nurse should be worried about...?
SHOCK!
Plasma seeps out into the tissues due to increased capillary permeability (leaking)
-> This decreases Vascular Volume
->> Hypovolemic Shock
Why does the cardiac output decrease in Burn patients?
Decrease in Vascular volume
= Less Volume to Pump out
Why does the pulse increase (Tachycardia) in Burn patients?
Anytime someone is in a FVD, the pulse will INCREASE to compensate
Why does Urine Output Decrease in Burn Patients?
Kidneys are either trying to hold on to fluid or they aren't being perfused adequately
Why is Epinephrine Secreted after a Burn occurs?
After a burn the vessles Vasodilate Initially
->> Epinephrine and Norepinephrine secretion then compensates for this and causes
Vasoconstriction
->>> This causes blood to be shunted to Vital Organs
If the systolic BP drops below 90, the client will not have ________________
_____________ ____________?
Adequate Organ Perfusion
- This can be very Dangerous
Why are ADH and aldosterone secreted after a burn?
, Aldosterone causes the body to RETAIN Sodium and Water
&
ADH causes the body to RETAIN water
= Therefore, this helps the body INCREASE & replenish Blood Volume
Rule of 9
What patients are at a higher risk of complications after a Burn?
- Anyone with Heart, Lung, or Kidney disease
- If your client has a pre-existing Diabetes, or Peripheral Vascular Disease (they may
not heal as well if they have a foot or leg burn)
- Burns to the Face, Neck, Chest (can interfere with breathing = emergency)
What patient population has a higher Mortality rate after a Burn, and Why?
The very OLD, and the very YOUNG
- These patient's skin is very thin and they have less subcutaneous fat, therefore the
burn can go deeper, and cause more complications
- Also the BSA (body surface area) is less in the very Young
What Emergency Management Treatments can be used to Stop the Burning
Process?
- Wrap the client in a blanket (this can stop the burning process. This can also help hold
in body heat and keep germs out
- Cool water (no more than 10 minutes)
- Remover jewelry (swelling will occur + metal gets hot)
- Remove non-adherent clothing and cover the burns with a clean, dry cloth
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS EDITION.
In the first 24 hours of a Burn the nurse should be worried about...?
SHOCK!
Plasma seeps out into the tissues due to increased capillary permeability (leaking)
-> This decreases Vascular Volume
->> Hypovolemic Shock
Why does the cardiac output decrease in Burn patients?
Decrease in Vascular volume
= Less Volume to Pump out
Why does the pulse increase (Tachycardia) in Burn patients?
Anytime someone is in a FVD, the pulse will INCREASE to compensate
Why does Urine Output Decrease in Burn Patients?
Kidneys are either trying to hold on to fluid or they aren't being perfused adequately
Why is Epinephrine Secreted after a Burn occurs?
After a burn the vessles Vasodilate Initially
->> Epinephrine and Norepinephrine secretion then compensates for this and causes
Vasoconstriction
->>> This causes blood to be shunted to Vital Organs
If the systolic BP drops below 90, the client will not have ________________
_____________ ____________?
Adequate Organ Perfusion
- This can be very Dangerous
Why are ADH and aldosterone secreted after a burn?
, Aldosterone causes the body to RETAIN Sodium and Water
&
ADH causes the body to RETAIN water
= Therefore, this helps the body INCREASE & replenish Blood Volume
Rule of 9
What patients are at a higher risk of complications after a Burn?
- Anyone with Heart, Lung, or Kidney disease
- If your client has a pre-existing Diabetes, or Peripheral Vascular Disease (they may
not heal as well if they have a foot or leg burn)
- Burns to the Face, Neck, Chest (can interfere with breathing = emergency)
What patient population has a higher Mortality rate after a Burn, and Why?
The very OLD, and the very YOUNG
- These patient's skin is very thin and they have less subcutaneous fat, therefore the
burn can go deeper, and cause more complications
- Also the BSA (body surface area) is less in the very Young
What Emergency Management Treatments can be used to Stop the Burning
Process?
- Wrap the client in a blanket (this can stop the burning process. This can also help hold
in body heat and keep germs out
- Cool water (no more than 10 minutes)
- Remover jewelry (swelling will occur + metal gets hot)
- Remove non-adherent clothing and cover the burns with a clean, dry cloth
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
