LATEST PATHO 370 EXAM: A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which is FALSE about the etiology of Sarcoidosis?
Anything that's not:
-Acute or chronic systemic disease of unknown cause
-Immunologic basis is most likely cause
-Activation of alveolar macrophage to unknown trigger
-First degree relative increases risk fivefold
Which is FALSE about the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?
Anything that's not:
-Genetic predisposition
-Antigen combines with serum antibody in alveolar walls; leads to type III
hypersensitivity reaction
-Antigen-antibody complexes then elicit granulomatous inflammation leading to
lung tissue injury
-Leads to diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in upper lobes (hallmark of disease)
In acute clinical manifestation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, which one is
incorrect?
Anything that's not:
-Fever
-Chills
-Cough
-Shortness of Breath
-Malaise
-Chest Tightness
Which is FALSE about pathogenesis Occupational lung diseases?
Anything that's not:
-Pollutants interfere and paralyze cilia
-Interference with ciliary action
-Alveolar macrophages try to engulf and remove particles.
-Macrophages secrete lysozymes to control foreign particle activity.
,-Enzymes damage alveolar walls causing deposition of fibrous materials.
Which is FALSE about pathogenesis of ARDS (Acute(adult) respiratory distress
syndrome)?
Anything that's not:
Pathogenesis involves inflammatory injury to the lung endothelium & epithelium
(CH 23)
Which is NOT a high-risk for infant respiratory distress syndrome(IRDS)?
Risk Factors Are:
-Lack of surfactant (choose this answer if present on midterm )
-Birth prior to 25 weeks gestation
-Birth at advanced gestational age
-Poorly controlled diabetes in mother
-Deliveries after antepartum hemorrhage
-Cesarean section without antecedent labor
-Perinatal asphyxia
-Previous infant with RDS
-Rh factor incompatibility
In the pathogenesis of infant respiratory distress syndrome(IRDS), which one is
incorrect?
True:
-Primary cause is lack of surfactant
-The neonate with IRDS must generate high intrathoracic pressures (25 to 30 mm
Hg) to maintain patent alveoli.
-Increased work of breathing and decreased ventilation
-Leakage of inflammatory exudate into the alveoli results in formation of hyaline
membranes.
-Progressive damage to basement membrane and respiratory epithelial cells
-Secondary cause is immaturity of capillary blood supply.
Which is FALSE about the etiology of the Primary Pneumothorax?
TRUE:
•Spontaneous
, •Occurs in tall, thin men 20 to 40 years
•No underlying disease factors
•Cigarette smoking increases risk.
This pneumothorax is associated with menstruation.
Catamenial Pneumothorax
In the clinical manifestations of tension and large spontaneous pneumothorax,
which one is FALSE?
TRUE: Tension and large spontaneous pneumothorax are emergency situations.
•Severe tachycardia
•Hypotension
•Tracheal shift to contralateral (opposite) side
•Neck vein distention
•Hyperresonance
•Subcutaneous emphysema
The cause of exudates in pleural effusion, include the following, except;
Viral pneumonia
Exudative effusion is caused by blocked blood vessels or lymph vessels,
inflammation, infection, lung injury, or tumors. Bacterial pneumonia, cancer of
the pleura, tuberculosis
The _________ is exudative process that develops from trauma.
Chylothorax or chylous pleural effusion is an exudative process that develops
from trauma as a result of leakage of chyle (lymph fluid) from the thoracic duct or
from rheumatoid pleural effusion or tuberculous pleuritis
When the link between an etiologic factor and development of the disease is less
than certain but the probability of is increased when the factor is present, it is
termed
Risk Factor
In the clinical manifestations of pleural effusion, which one is false?
True: -Vary depending on cause and size of effusion
-May be asymptomatic with <290 mL of fluid in pleural cavity
-Dyspnea
Which is FALSE about the etiology of Sarcoidosis?
Anything that's not:
-Acute or chronic systemic disease of unknown cause
-Immunologic basis is most likely cause
-Activation of alveolar macrophage to unknown trigger
-First degree relative increases risk fivefold
Which is FALSE about the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis?
Anything that's not:
-Genetic predisposition
-Antigen combines with serum antibody in alveolar walls; leads to type III
hypersensitivity reaction
-Antigen-antibody complexes then elicit granulomatous inflammation leading to
lung tissue injury
-Leads to diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in upper lobes (hallmark of disease)
In acute clinical manifestation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, which one is
incorrect?
Anything that's not:
-Fever
-Chills
-Cough
-Shortness of Breath
-Malaise
-Chest Tightness
Which is FALSE about pathogenesis Occupational lung diseases?
Anything that's not:
-Pollutants interfere and paralyze cilia
-Interference with ciliary action
-Alveolar macrophages try to engulf and remove particles.
-Macrophages secrete lysozymes to control foreign particle activity.
,-Enzymes damage alveolar walls causing deposition of fibrous materials.
Which is FALSE about pathogenesis of ARDS (Acute(adult) respiratory distress
syndrome)?
Anything that's not:
Pathogenesis involves inflammatory injury to the lung endothelium & epithelium
(CH 23)
Which is NOT a high-risk for infant respiratory distress syndrome(IRDS)?
Risk Factors Are:
-Lack of surfactant (choose this answer if present on midterm )
-Birth prior to 25 weeks gestation
-Birth at advanced gestational age
-Poorly controlled diabetes in mother
-Deliveries after antepartum hemorrhage
-Cesarean section without antecedent labor
-Perinatal asphyxia
-Previous infant with RDS
-Rh factor incompatibility
In the pathogenesis of infant respiratory distress syndrome(IRDS), which one is
incorrect?
True:
-Primary cause is lack of surfactant
-The neonate with IRDS must generate high intrathoracic pressures (25 to 30 mm
Hg) to maintain patent alveoli.
-Increased work of breathing and decreased ventilation
-Leakage of inflammatory exudate into the alveoli results in formation of hyaline
membranes.
-Progressive damage to basement membrane and respiratory epithelial cells
-Secondary cause is immaturity of capillary blood supply.
Which is FALSE about the etiology of the Primary Pneumothorax?
TRUE:
•Spontaneous
, •Occurs in tall, thin men 20 to 40 years
•No underlying disease factors
•Cigarette smoking increases risk.
This pneumothorax is associated with menstruation.
Catamenial Pneumothorax
In the clinical manifestations of tension and large spontaneous pneumothorax,
which one is FALSE?
TRUE: Tension and large spontaneous pneumothorax are emergency situations.
•Severe tachycardia
•Hypotension
•Tracheal shift to contralateral (opposite) side
•Neck vein distention
•Hyperresonance
•Subcutaneous emphysema
The cause of exudates in pleural effusion, include the following, except;
Viral pneumonia
Exudative effusion is caused by blocked blood vessels or lymph vessels,
inflammation, infection, lung injury, or tumors. Bacterial pneumonia, cancer of
the pleura, tuberculosis
The _________ is exudative process that develops from trauma.
Chylothorax or chylous pleural effusion is an exudative process that develops
from trauma as a result of leakage of chyle (lymph fluid) from the thoracic duct or
from rheumatoid pleural effusion or tuberculous pleuritis
When the link between an etiologic factor and development of the disease is less
than certain but the probability of is increased when the factor is present, it is
termed
Risk Factor
In the clinical manifestations of pleural effusion, which one is false?
True: -Vary depending on cause and size of effusion
-May be asymptomatic with <290 mL of fluid in pleural cavity
-Dyspnea
