NCTI FIELD TECH III-IV PROGRESSION FINAL EXAM CURRENTLY TESTING VERSIONS OF THE EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS/EXPERT VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS!/LATEST UPDATE

NCTI FIELD TECH III-IV PROGRESSION FINAL EXAM CURRENTLY TESTING VERSIONS OF THE EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS/EXPERT VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS!/LATEST UPDATE What is unique about WDM - PON ? - Correct Answer WDM-PON deployed in a greenfield system allows each subscriber to get their own designated wavelength." "What is the main benefit of deploying WDM technology? - Correct Answer It will increase the capacity of the existing fiber networks tenfold without adding any more fiber." "How are optical splitters used in the forward path? - Correct Answer As passive branching devices that divide an optical signal across multiple output fibers." "Why should you take the time to take notes and accurately record data at each job location? - Correct Answer Notes and recorded data are tools that can help you accurately remember events at a site that can help you determine a plan of action or evaluate the decisions you made." "You are at a customer's home, and you are asking the customer whether the problem is intermittent or constant. Which steps are you using from the six-step troubleshooting process? - Correct Answer Identify the problem" "Which technique can be useful in helping others understand your emotional state and in providing them with direction around how to help you restore balance? - Correct Answer Feel, Felt, Found technique." "What is the purpose of a fiber demarcation box? - Correct Answer It provides a safe place to splice, split, distribute, store, and cross-connect fiber optics." "What is the purpose of the MST? - Correct Answer It provides access to connect fiber-optic cable drops from the customer premises to the network." "What is the one main function of the FDH? - Correct Answer The FDH provides effective fiber management by grouping splitters into local serving areas" "Which PON element uses patch panels? - Correct Answer ODN" "Which type of fiber topology used in a PON places the PON splitters at the headend while providing one designated fiber for every customer premise? - Correct Answer Home-Run" "What are the three categories of the fiber-optic cable used to identify the location of the fiber in the network? - Correct Answer Trunk, branch, and drop." "What is the difference between the FTTN and FTTC topologies? - Correct Answer An FTC is allowed a smaller number of RF amplifiers between the optical fiber and the customer premises." "What is the purpose of the SDU? - Correct Answer It provides surge protection, a test jack, circuit protection, wiring management, and fiber termination." "What are the advantages of loose buffer tube fiber? - Correct Answer It offers the best protection for the fibers under high pulling tension and moisture with its fiber-coated gel." "What is an ONU/ONT? - Correct Answer It is a device that converts light from fiber to RF for coaxial distribution into the home." "What are the characteristics of ITU-T G.657 BIF? - Correct Answer It is flexible for installation in small spaces and has a small bend radius of 7.5 mm or 10 mm." "What le true about using a premade fiber-optic pigtail for splicing to patch panels or terminal equipment? - Correct Answer It is faster and more rellable than installing eonnectors in the field." "What is the proper way to handle fiber once it is spliced? - Correct Answer At the heat-shrink protective sleeve that has a steel bar inside it." "What is the purpose of the ground block? - Correct Answer To protect fragile electronics like TV's and STBs from damaging lightning strikes and power surges." "In a PON FTTx network, which OSP device contains fiber test points that will minimize service disruption to customers? - Correct Answer FDH (Fiber Distribution Hub)" "What parameter is critical in an OTDR when testing a PON with significant splitters losses? - Correct Answer High Dynamic Range" "What is the best approach to repairing an aerial fiber-optic drop cable for FTTx applications? - Correct Answer Replace the entire section of fiber drop cable." "(-25) + (42) + (-62) + (20) =? - Correct Answer -25" "(17) x (-19) =? - Correct Answer -323" "-17-(-34)=？ - Correct Answer 17" "-49 ÷ -7? - Correct Answer 7" "(20) ÷ (-4) + (-2) x (-10) - (-2) x (7) =? - Correct Answer 29" "3 6/9 + 6 1/3 + 9 5/9= - Correct Answer 19 5/9" "7 3/8 ÷7 1/4= - Correct Answer 1. 1/58" "8.13 X 0.123 =? - Correct Answer 0.99999" "0.5349 ÷ 0.1420? - Correct Answer 3.7669014" "67.84 + 81.786 + 4281.98 = ? - Correct Answer 4,431.606" "0.00004= ——- × 10 to the power of ——? - Correct Answer 4,-5" "What is the square of 7? - Correct Answer 49" "Which of the statements is true of axioms? - Correct Answer When A = C and B = C, then A = B because both are equal to C, which supports the axiom: Quantities equal to the same quantity are equal to each other." "Simplify and solve the equation: If E = IR, then | =? - Correct Answer E/R" "What is the square root of 81? - Correct Answer 9" "0.00004= —— × 10 to the power of —— ? - Correct Answer 4,-4" "(83 × 10^ 6) + (27 × 10^7) = ? - Correct Answer 353 × 10^6" "(480 × 10^-5) divided by (60 x 10^-3) = ? - Correct Answer 8 × 10^-2" "(250 x 10^-6) - (7 x 10^-5) = ? - Correct Answer 180 x 10^-6" "(75 × 10^3) + (25 x 10^4) =? - Correct Answer 32.5 x 10^4" "(10 x 103) + (26 x 104) = ? - Correct Answer 270 x 10^3" "Which of the following best describes stereotyped thinking? - Correct Answer Presuming that all members of a group have certain characteristics." "The attribute of being "active" as a critical thinker means - Correct Answer You observe and take notes relevant to the issue." "It is essential to pay attention to warning signs of stress overload. Poor attitude is one of the behaviors that may indicate that you are overstressed. What are the symptoms of poor attitude behavior? - Correct Answer A significant change in attitude with a noticeable movement toward negative, hostile, cynical, or paranoid thoughts" "You are at a customer's home, and you believe you have solved the problem. When you check to ensure the resolution did not introduce any new problems, which step are you using from the six-step troubleshooting process? - Correct Answer Verify the solution" "To break the habit of a negative self-talk cycle - Correct Answer Tell yourself "not now" and move onto a positive thought whenever negative thoughts occur." "By taking control of the expectations you have, you are - Correct Answer More likely to improve your motivation and be a better problem solver." "Which one of the following IEEE wireless standards utilizes the 5 GHz frequency band for its signal transmissions? - Correct Answer 802.11n" "Why are WLANs usually deployed in an access capacity instead of as the network's core layer? - Correct Answer WLANs are generally incapable of meeting the requirements of the network core layer, which needs to be very fast and stable, able to handle a tremendous amount of traffic with little difficulty, and must experience no down time." "Which of the following statements describes creative problem-solving? - Correct Answer Thinking outside of the box and looking at problems from a fresh perspective." "What is done to ensure equal power in all channels in a network with analog and digital modulation channels? - Correct Answer Operate the analog TV channels at higher amplitude level than the QAM channels" "What does a set-top box (STB) diagnostic page of a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) channel showing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) near or below 30 dB indicate? - Correct Answer The QAM channel quality is on the edge for reliable reception, and the source of the problem is likely in the distribution network or customer premises." "Which of the following characterizes the successful troubleshooter? - Correct Answer Someone with an inquisitive and relentless desire to solve and fix problems." "What must a technician be aware of when analyzing a digital TV (DTV) problem? - Correct Answer There is frequently more than one contributor to a specific DTV service problem." "After a digital TV (DTV) service problem has been analyzed and possible causes considered, what is accomplished by isolating the various network elements? - Correct Answer It narrows the scope of likely problem sources." "During which step of the six-step troubleshooting process for a digital TV (DTV) service problem are quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) channel measurements typically taken? - Correct Answer Diagnosing symptoms." "When replacing a splitter to resolve a digital TV (DTV) service problem, what does confirming the splitter output levels before attaching the output connectors do? - Correct Answer Confirmation reinforces the technician's confidence that the problem will be resolved by replacing the splitter." "Which of the following digital TV (DTV) trouble calls could have been avoided with customer education about the product? - Correct Answer The digital set-top box (STB) overheats." "When troubleshooting a digital TV (DTV) authorization issue, what can be verified using the set-top box (STB) diagnostic page? - Correct Answer STB reception of authorization message data." "Which type of set-top box (STB) operates more like Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) cable modems with return channels on the same frequencies used for cable modems? - Correct Answer STB with DOCSIS Set-top Gateway (DSG) client software and embedded DOCSIS modems." "How does IP multicast differ from IP broadcast? - Correct Answer IP multicast traffic is only sent to specific modem addresses on the network; IP broadcast traffic is sent to all modems on the network." "What layers of the OSI reference model are specific to cable networks and are present onlv between DOCSIS modems and the CMTS? - Correct Answer Layers 1 through 4 (Physical layer, Data Link Layer, Network Layer, and Transport Laver) are applied between the DOCSIS modem and CMTS." "Which DOCSIS layer is used by the CMTS to differentiate between cable modems? - Correct Answer The Docsis MAC layer" "What was introduced in DOCSIS 3.0 to allow enough bandwidth for upstream carriers from previous DOCSIS versions? - Correct Answer The option to increase the top frequency of the upstream to 85 MHZ." "In a DOCSIS network, why is the data throughput over the return or upstream path typically less than the throughput of data over the forward or downstream path? - Correct Answer Compared to the downstream path, the narrower bandwidths and lower orders of modulation used to transport data over the return path cause the downstream and upstream data throughput to be unequal or asymmetrical." "What would be the downstream throughput if two QAM channels with a throughput of 38 Mbps were bonded? - Correct Answer 76 Mbps." "What are two features that were added in DOCSIS 3.1 to extend the viability of HFC networks into the next decade? - Correct Answer OFDM and LDPC." "Which step in the troubleshooting process requires a discussion with the customer to gather more detail about the problem? - Correct Answer Step 1: Identify the problem." "When analyzing a problem, what can the technician learn by asking the customer to show or demonstrate the problem? - Correct Answer The symptoms of the problem can be viewed and any unusual screens or customer entries can be identified." "When using a digital signal analyzer to troubleshoot data throughput im the DOCSIS network, what is the minimum MER into the cable modem for a 256-QAM carrier? - Correct Answer 32 dB or greater" "How should the digital multimeter (DMM) be used to troubleshoot problems in the telephone wiring? - Correct Answer Use tie voltmeter fumction, both the network interface device (NID) and the embedded multimedia terminal adapter (EMTA) provide a steady On-hook voltage." "If the telephone wiring is in the bus topology and the twisted-pair cable tester is connected at the embedded multimedia terminal adapter (EMTA) with the remote unit connected to the last outlet in the loop, what is the quickest way to locate the incorrectly wired outlet if the tester indicates a wiring error? - Correct Answer Break the loop into smaller sections and retest the two sections to identify which one has the wiring error. Continue to divide the section with the error into smaller sections until the wiring error is identified." "After resolving the problem with the premises wiring issue, which of the following is the next step in the six-step process that the technician should take? - Correct Answer Verify that the problem has been resolved and that phone service is running perfectly on all phones." "In unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable, what is the term that describes when an information-carrying conductor makes contact with a grounded conductor? - Correct Answer ground fault" "How is silver satin cable used to connect telephone equipment to wall outlets typically pinned? - Correct Answer D) Reversed at opposite ends, or cross-pinned." "What is the difference between the wiring configurations for a residential, 8-position, 8-contact (8P8C) modular plug and jack in the Universal Service Order Codes (USC) and ANSI/TIA/EIA 570-B? - Correct Answer The placement of pair numbers 3 and 4." "What should be checked as a possible cause of hum on a customer's telephone line? - Correct Answer Shielding problems in the station wiring, poor terminations, or poor grounding and bonding connections." "In the customer premises, what could cause some dual tone multifrequency (DTMF) touch-tone telephones to have continuous dial tone caused by polarity reversal, but not other DTF telephones? - Correct Answer The telephone wiring polarity is incorrect, and the customer has a mix of older and newer DTMF touch-tone telephones." "What is the likely problem when there is dial tone on one phone connected to an outlet, but not on two other phones connected to two different outlets? - Correct Answer An open circuit caused by a break in a conductor, poor contact in a modular connector, or an incorrect wire connection." "A customer reports a problem of no dial tone (NDT). Upon inspection, the technician notices that new carpeting has been installed. What should the technician do next? - Correct Answer Look for a cable that runs under the carpet; it is likely that the cable has a short from the carpeting tack strip." "What uses the 2.4-GHz band and runs at 54 Mbps? - Correct Answer 802.11g" "In regard to Wi-Fi networks, what is WPS used for? - Correct Answer To enable connection to a Wi-Fi network without a Windows interface." "What is it called when several computers are sharing files without a WAP? - Correct Answer ad hoc mode" "What is the standard encryption method used with WPA2? - Correct Answer AES" "When configuring a wireless router, why is changing the service set identifier (SSID) from the device default recommended? - Correct Answer To avoid telling hackers exactly what the device is." "Which mode uses a wireless access point (WAP) connected to a wired network? - Correct Answer infrastructure" "Which encryption method is the most secure for a wireless network? - Correct Answer WPA2" "How many channels are available with IEEE 802.11g? - Correct Answer 11" "What is the last step of the basic wireless access point (WAP) setup? - Correct Answer Apply security." "All 802.11 standards use one of two frequency bands. What are these frequency bands? - Correct Answer 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands." "In which OS reference model layer do WLAN s operate? - Correct Answer The data link layer" "Which organization regulates the use of WLAN devices in the United States? - Correct Answer FCC" "Which of the following IEEE 802.11 WLAN standards specifies both spread spectrum RF and IR transmission technologies? - Correct Answer 802.11" "Why has it become cost-effective for enterprise companies to integrate WLAN segments into their networks? - Correct Answer The cost of wireless technology has decreased and the quality has increased" "What type of connectivity is needed to connect networks between two buildings located across the street from each other? - Correct Answer Point-to-point (P2P)." "In which of the following applications might a WLAN be deployed in a distribution layer role? - Correct Answer As a building-to-building bridge used to link corporate network segments." "What specific problem does a WLAN resolve for corporations and home users? - Correct Answer Excessive data cabling." "What challenges do WISPs have to overcome in order to provide "last mile data delivery" to customers? - Correct Answer Distance to APs, rooftop access, lightning, trees, mountains, tower access, and other physical obstacles to connectivity." "A transmitter outputs 100 mW. An antenna cable connects the transmitter to an amplifier, and the power into the amplifier's input measures 50 ml. The amplifier increases the signal to the original transmitter's power level and sends the signal to the antenna. The antenna receives the signal from the amplifier at 75 mW, and then transmits at 150 mW. What is the IR's power level in this F circuit? - Correct Answer 75mW" "Given an AP with 100 mW of output power connected through a cable with 3 dB of loss to the antenna with a 10 dBi gain, what is the approximate EIRP level from the antenna in mW? - Correct Answer 500 mW" "What unit of measurement is used to express the gain of an antenna? - Correct Answer dBi." "What is EIRP? - Correct Answer The power actually radiated by the antenna element." "Why is the Fresnel zone important to the integrity of the RF link or path? - Correct Answer The Fresnel Zone defines an area around the RF line-of-sight (RF LOS) that can introduce RF signal interference if blocked." "How does RF LOS differ from visual LOS? - Correct Answer RF LOS is accompanied by a Fresnel zone, a series of concentric ellipsoid-shaped areas around the visual LOS path." "What are some measures that can be taken to prevent high VSWR in transmitters and receivers? - Correct Answer Tighten connections between cables and connectors and use impedance-matched hardware throughout." "Which of the provided VSWR shown here is best for transferring radio frequency (RF) energy between connections? - Correct Answer 1.2:1" "Which one of the following RF behaviors is defined as "the bending of a wave as it passes through a medium of different density? - Correct Answer refraction" "In what manner do radio waves propagate (move) away from the source (antenna)? - Correct Answer In a straight line in all directions at once." "What is the width of direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) channels and how far apart are their center frequencies spaced? - Correct Answer 22 megahertz (MHz) and 5 MH" "Why is direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) the most widely known and the most used of the spread spectrum types? - Correct Answer Its ease of implementation and high data rates." "Although there are many different implementations of spread spectrum technology, what are the only types specified by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the Codes of Federal Regulation (CFR), Volume 47, Part 15? - Correct Answer Direct Sequencing Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)." "How does spread spectrum technology reduce the probability of signal jamming? - Correct Answer By transmitting over a wide frequency spectrum." "Which component of frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) system creates more overhead than any similar component in a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system? - Correct Answer The interframe spacing" "The ratio of the chipping code to data bits for a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signal is called which of the following? - Correct Answer Processing gain." "The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules regarding power output for frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) state that a maximum output to the intentional radiator (IR) with 5 megahertz (MHz) of carrier frequency bandwidth must be which one of the following? - Correct Answer 125 milliwatts (mW)." "In a frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) system that uses 10 frequencies across a 12 megahertz (MHz) frequency band, what happens if narrowband interference occurs at only one of the 10 frequencies? - Correct Answer The spread spectrum signal remains intact. Instead of being lost, the data on the interfered frequency is retransmitted on one of the other nine frequencies." "Why is spread spectrum technology used in applications such as Bluetooth wireless personal area networks (WPAN)? - Correct Answer Spread spectrum technology allows wireless networking to create a short range, personal communications network." "Which of the following networks or products use spread spectrum technologies? - Correct Answer Wireless local area networks (WLAN), Bluetooth, and global positioning systems (GPS)." "Considering antenna diversity, what is the point of sampling two antennas? - Correct Answer To pick the input signal of whichever antenna has the best reception." "What WLAN device can be described as a half-duplex device with intelligence equivalent to that of a sophisticated Ethernet switch? - Correct Answer An AP" "What are some common methods used to configure and manage APs? - Correct Answer Telnet/ssh (secure shell), USB, and a built-in web server for browser access." "What is a half-duplex device that is only capable of OSI reference model Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) connectivity? - Correct Answer A wireless bridge." "Which statement best describes a network application for which a wireless workgroup bridge is the best suited? - Correct Answer When remote buildings house small groups of wired clients needing wireless access to the main network." "Which wireless client devices require drivers to be installed on the client node? - Correct Answer Wireless client devices on printed circuit (PC) cards that are to be installed in peripheral component interconnect (PCI) or industry standard architecture (ISA) adapters." "Residential gateways have been around for quite some time, but what capability was added to connect to IEEE 802.11b-, 802.11g, 802.11n-, and 802.11ac-compliant devices? - Correct Answer Wireless capability. 1" "You are designing a wireless network to which several functional workgroups are connected. You want to configure your enterprise wireless gateway to allow you to quickly assign identical network access rights to persons within the same workgroup. Which enterprise wireless gateway feature provides this capability? - Correct Answer Role-based access control (RBAC)" "What security service in an enterprise wireless gateway enables the wireless network administrator to assign levels of service to a particular user? - Correct Answer Class of service (CoS)." "Why should a wireless network administrator consider installing an enterprise wireless gateway in their network? - Correct Answer The enterprise wireless gateway enables the wireless network administrator to manage a large wireless network using only a few central devices instead of a very large number of access points." "In what direction does an omnidirectional antenna radiate radio frequency (RF) energy? - Correct Answer Equally in all directions around its axis." "What is a consideration when mounting a high-gain omnidirectional antenna indoors on the ceiling? - Correct Answer If the ceiling is too high, the coverage area might not reach the floor where the users are located." "As a general rule, how does an increase in effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) relate to the link budget range? - Correct Answer Each 6 decibels (dB) increase in EIRP equates to a doubling of range." "What is the tradeoff between the fragmenting of packets into shorter fragments versus keeping longer packet fragments? - Correct Answer Shorter packet fragments have lower probability of errors from interference than longer packet fragments, but shorter packet fragments require more error correction." "Which type of interframe space provides the highest level of priority network function control over the medium for a short time period? - Correct Answer Short interframe space (SIFS)." "How are interframe spaces used in an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer They are used to defer a station's access to the medium and provide various levels of priority." "What happens when an active Ethernet switch fails to sense a power over Ethernet (POE) device on a port? - Correct Answer It switches off the direct current (DC) voltage on that port." "Which statement describes a passive injector? - Correct Answer It places DC voltage onto a CAT-5e cable." "What power over Ethernet (PoE) device picks off the direct current (DC) voltage that has been injected into the CAT-5e cable by the injector and makes it available to the equipment through the regular DC power jack? - Correct Answer A DC picker or tap." "What device would a wireless local area network (WLAN) administrator install between the access point (AP) or bridge and the network to give indoor local area network (LAN) users as much bandwidth as possible? - Correct Answer A bandwidth control unit (BCU)." "Polarization is defined as which one of the following? - Correct Answer The orientation of an electromagnetie wave's electrie field in relationship to the Earth's surface or plane." "What is the typical coverage pattern of a semidirectional antenna? - Correct Answer A hemispherical or cylindrical pattern." "What antenna type is ideal for making a point-to-point (P2P) network connection between two office buildings that are across the street from one another? - Correct Answer A semidirectional antenna." "How wide is each of the three wireless local area network (WLAN) Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) bands? - Correct Answer 100 megahertz (MHz)." "What does the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) specify as the maximum allowable power output into the intentional radiator for IEEE 802.11a, 802.11n-, and 802.11ac-compliant devices operating on the lower Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NIl) radio band? - Correct Answer 40 milliwatts (mW)." "What technologies does the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11n wireless standard use to achieve data rates as high as 600 megabits per second (Mbps)? - Correct Answer Multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) technology and spatial multiplexing." "Bluetooth is a short range wireless personal area network (PAN) technology that is covered under which Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard? - Correct Answer IEEE 802.15" "Bluetooth uses which spread spectrum technology? - Correct Answer Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)." "What is the maximum range of Class 2, 2.5 milliwatt (mW) Bluetooth devices? - Correct Answer 10 meters or 33 feet." "Which of the following statements is true concerning Bluetooth technology? - Correct Answer To Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 networks operating in the 2.4 Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) radio bands, Bluetooth transmissions appear as all-band noise." "Operation as an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 ac device occurs only in the 5 gigahertz (GHz) Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NIl) radio band, so how are 802.11ac devices able to maintain compatibility with earlier standards that operate in the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) radio bands? - Correct Answer IEEE 802.11ac devices also operate in the 2.4 GHz ISM range." "What is the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulation for the maximum equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) from a point-to-multipoint (P2MP) wireless local area network (WLAN) antenna? - Correct Answer 4 watts (W)" "Why have 900 megahertz (MHz) Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band wireless local area networks (WLAN) lost favor in comparison to 2.4 gigahertz (GHz) and 5 GHz frequency systems? - Correct Answer 900 MHz devices are more expensive and provide slower data throughput." "As a subscriber enters a hotspot area, what signals their mobile wireless device of an available Wi-Fi network? - Correct Answer The access point (AP) advertises to the wireless device to enable connection." "Which one of the following power management modes populates a traffic indication map (TIM) in a basic service set (BSS) or extended service set (ESS)? - Correct Answer Power save polling (PSP) mode." "In a segmented wireless local area network (WLAN) that has a different Internet protocol (IP) address for each segment, which solution allows mobile clients to maintain their connectivity when roaming into different segments? - Correct Answer Deploying all access points (AP) on a single virtual local area network (VLAN) using a flat IP subnet for all APs so that no change of IP address for roaming clients occurs and all traffic goes through a central controller." "Which term describes the operation mode of a basic service set (BSS)? - Correct Answer Infrastructure mode" "What does a basic service set (BSS) consist of? - Correct Answer A BSS consists of one access point (AP) and one or more wireless clients." "An independent basic service set (IBSS) is also commonly referred to as which one of the following? - Correct Answer ad hoc network" "Why is shared key authentication considered a security risk in a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer The access point (AP) transmits the challenge text in the clear and receives the same challenge text encrypted with the wired equivalent privacy (WEP) key." "Why would a wireless local area network (WLAN) administrator rarely see the "authenticated" step on the access point (AP)? - Correct Answer Because clients pass the authentication stage and immediately proceed into the association stage" "How does a client locate a wireless local area network (WLAN) when performing passive scanning? - Correct Answer The client listens for beacons until it hears a beacon listing the service set identifier (SSID) of the network it expects to join." "When connecting to a wireless local area network (WLAN), what is the most important fact about the service set identifier (SSID)? - Correct Answer That the clients and all access points (AP) must be configured with matching SSIDs." "What is a slot time in an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer As with a clock's second hand, there are 60 slots per minute to insert interframe spaces in a WLAN" "What modulation technique does Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) wireless local area network (WLAN) standards 802.11a, 802.11n, and 802.11ac use to achieve higher data throughput? - Correct Answer Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)." "Which is the largest IEEE 802.11 data frame that can traverse a wireless local area network (WLAN) without fragmentation? - Correct Answer 2,346 bytes." "What is the purpose of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) superframe? - Correct Answer To allow fair coexistence between point coordination function (PCF)-mode and distributed coordination function (DCF)-mode clients on the network." "When should you consider enabling Request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS) protocol on a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer When diagnosing network problems and when large frames experience high collision rates across a congested wireless network." "What does the "on with threshold" setting of the Request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS) protocol allow the wireless local area network (WLAN) administrator to control? - Correct Answer To control which frames over a certain size are announced and cleared to send by the stations." "What is the purpose of the distributed coordination function (DCF) in an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer It allows all clients on a WLAN to contend for access on the shared radio frequency (RF) transmission medium using the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol." "What can be done to increase the coverage area of a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer Increase the transmission power, replace the omnidirectional antenna with a parabolic antenna, and use the 2.4 GHz radio band instead of the 5 GHz radio band." "What are the three main conditions that influence the range of a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer Transmission power, antenna type and location, and environment." "what causes co-channel interference in a wireless local area network (wlan)? - Correct Answer An overlap in the signal ranges of access points (AP) or different WLANs operating on the same channels." "What test instrument is used to locate and measure interfering narrowband radio frequency (RF) signals in an Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN), among other things? - Correct Answer spectrum analyzer" "You wish to build a wireless network that provides significantly better throughput than a single Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11b access point (AP). Which of the following is an acceptable solution? - Correct Answer Use IEEE 802.11-compliant equipment operating in the 5 gigahertz (GHz) Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NIl) bands, allowing for more more non-overlapping channels." "Which one of the following tasks is the best choice for troubleshooting the near/far problem? - Correct Answer Review the location of the stations (clients) on the network." "Which one of the following conditions occurs when an access point (AP) receives a distant client's signal at a lower power level than that of a nearer client? - Correct Answer near/far" "How might you confirm the presence of a hidden node on the network? - Correct Answer Turn on the request to send/clear to send (RTS/CTS) protocol and watch for increased network data throughput." "How do you troubleshoot a hidden node? - Correct Answer Test for degraded data throughput at all client locations." "What causes the hidden node problem in a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer When a client (or node) can receive signals from an access point (AP) but an obstacle prevents the client from receiving signals from the other clients that are connected to the network." "To prevent hacker access to passwords and Internet protocol (IP) addresses, why would you want to place wireless access points (AP) on switches instead of hubs? - Correct Answer Switches prevent the broadcast of packets to all network segments." "For maximum security, you should base your wireless local area network (WLAN) user authentication on which one of the following? - Correct Answer Device-independent schemes, such as user names and passwords." "What are some of the access points (AP) facts that should be detailed in a wireless local area network (WLAN) site survey? - Correct Answer Location within facility, antenna type to be used, power output settings, how power will be provided to unit, and the expected data throughput per unit" "Why is it suggested that all data collected as part of a site survey for a wireless local area network (WLAN) be included in the survey report as an attachment, appendix, or separate set of documentation? - Correct Answer The data could be needed in the future." "What test should be performed during the site survey to enable the design engineer to understand and control what the user's experience will be on the wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer A data throughput test." "What is the most basic question you should ask a customer before visiting the customer's facility to perform a site survey? - Correct Answer What kind of facility is it?" "How might a wireless local area network (WLAN) administrator ensure compliance with security audits? - Correct Answer Document audit procedures in the security policy." "What type of wireless local area network (WLAN) attack could cost an employee their job because network usage logs point directly to the employee whenever a hacker gains access to the employee's domain login information and causes havoc on the network? - Correct Answer passive attack" "What is a man-in-the-middle attack on a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer A situation in which a hacker uses an access point (AP) to effectively hijack mobile nodes (clients) by sending a stronger signal than the legitimate AP is sending." "Access points (AP) must support what encryption techniques in order to comply with Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11i security standards? - Correct Answer Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and AES-CCMP (Counter-Mode/CBC-MAC Protocol)." "What basis does a wireless local area networks (WLAN) use an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.1x protocol to control network access? - Correct Answer port based network access control (PNAC)" "Which term describes a wireless system in which the access point (AP) removes the wireless local area network's (WLAN) service set identifier (SSID) from the beacon frames? - Correct Answer closed system" "How can filtering augment some of the security limitations of Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer By defining parameters to which client stations must adhere in order to gain access to the network." "What initialization vector (IV) do most weak implementations of the Wireless Equivalency Protocol (WEP) use? - Correct Answer 24 bit" "What are some requirements of a wireless local area network (WLAN) in a hospital that make it an effective training ground for individuals who want to immerse themselves in WLAN technology? - Correct Answer Roaming across large distances, a limited number of users on an access point (AP) due to mandated security, and medical applications that are often connection-oriented between the client and server." "How would you use a laptop computer, tablet, or cell phone when performing a site survey for a wireless local area network (WLAN)? - Correct Answer By checking for signal strength and coverage areas while roaming around the facility." "What are some desired features of an access point (AP) used to perform wireless local area network (WLAN) site surveys? - Correct Answer Variable output power and external antenna connectors." "What should you note in the wireless local area network (WLAN) site survey if a semidirectional antenna is required for adequate coverage? - Correct Answer The antenna orientation along with the antenna's side and back lobes for coverage and security reasons." "Ideally, what should the next step be after you complete the wireless local area network (WLAN) site survey and provide the survey results in a report to the customer? - Correct Answer A wireless consulting firm should be given the site survey report so that it will then be able to provide effective information on equipment purchasing and security solutions."