CMU CSD 331 FINAL EXAM
(EVERYTHING) Questions and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Otolaryngologist - Answer: medical doctor who studies diseases of the ear, nose, and throat
Neurotologist - Answer: medical doctor (ENT); more specialized, disorder of the ear, auditory nerve, and
brain
Audiologist - Answer: advance degrees studying hearing and hearing related disorders
Hearing Aid Dispenser - Answer: basic training in fitting and selling hearing aids
When did Audiology start? - Answer: interest gained after WWII
Why did Audiology start? - Answer: service men coming home from WWII with hearing loss from noise
Raymond Carhart - Answer: "father of audiology" coined the term audiology in 1945
Georg von Bekesy - Answer: won the Nobel peace prize in 1961 for discovering how the cochlea
responds to sound (physiology of medicine)
James Jerger - Answer: founding member of AAA, developed many test and rehab procedures, worked
under Carhart, author/coauthor of over 300 publications
Marion Downs - Answer: champion of pediatric audiology, led the movement for universal newborn
hearing screening
,What is the difference between the physical event of sound and the psychological phenomenon of a
sound? - Answer: physical events include movement and vibration, while psychological is how we
perceive sound
Example of physical event - Answer: frequency, amplitude, phase (wave)
Example of psychological phenomenon - Answer: pitch, loudness, quality
How do we define one cycle of a wave - Answer: start point to the next start point
frequency - Answer: number of cycles person second (Hz)
period - Answer: the amount of time it takes to complete one cycle
1/frequency
Amplitude - Answer: the magnitude or strength of a sound
phase - Answer: stage of the cycle at any given pint in time
in phase - Answer: could be laid over top of one another and match perfectly
out of phase - Answer: start and stop in different points; would not match up
What is sound intensity? - Answer: indicate how much sound power is transferred from the sound
source to the surrounding area
what is sound pressure? - Answer: indicate how much compressed or rarefied the particle are
What happens when sound pressure doubles? - Answer: increase by 6 dB
, What happens when sound pressure increases 10x? - Answer: increase by 20 dB
What happens when sound intensity doubles? - Answer: increases by 3 dB
What happens when sound intensity increases 10x? - Answer: increases by 10 dB
Why do we use dB HL? - Answer: to make all sounds what average ears can hear; used for hearing tests
How do you covert between dbSPL and dB HL? - Answer: dB HL= dB SPL - reference point
dB SPL= dB HL + reference value
Why do we use dB SL? - Answer: to make ranges constant in order to tell if a patient can hear it or not;
different for everyone
how do we convert between dB HL and dB SL? - Answer: dB SL= dB HL (from test) - dB HL threshold
What part of the anatomy are in the outer ear? - Answer: pinna/auricle
EAM
helix
tragus
love
concha
what parts of anatomy are in the middle ear? - Answer: tympanic membrane
pars tensa
pars flaccida
light reflex
malleus
incus
(EVERYTHING) Questions and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Otolaryngologist - Answer: medical doctor who studies diseases of the ear, nose, and throat
Neurotologist - Answer: medical doctor (ENT); more specialized, disorder of the ear, auditory nerve, and
brain
Audiologist - Answer: advance degrees studying hearing and hearing related disorders
Hearing Aid Dispenser - Answer: basic training in fitting and selling hearing aids
When did Audiology start? - Answer: interest gained after WWII
Why did Audiology start? - Answer: service men coming home from WWII with hearing loss from noise
Raymond Carhart - Answer: "father of audiology" coined the term audiology in 1945
Georg von Bekesy - Answer: won the Nobel peace prize in 1961 for discovering how the cochlea
responds to sound (physiology of medicine)
James Jerger - Answer: founding member of AAA, developed many test and rehab procedures, worked
under Carhart, author/coauthor of over 300 publications
Marion Downs - Answer: champion of pediatric audiology, led the movement for universal newborn
hearing screening
,What is the difference between the physical event of sound and the psychological phenomenon of a
sound? - Answer: physical events include movement and vibration, while psychological is how we
perceive sound
Example of physical event - Answer: frequency, amplitude, phase (wave)
Example of psychological phenomenon - Answer: pitch, loudness, quality
How do we define one cycle of a wave - Answer: start point to the next start point
frequency - Answer: number of cycles person second (Hz)
period - Answer: the amount of time it takes to complete one cycle
1/frequency
Amplitude - Answer: the magnitude or strength of a sound
phase - Answer: stage of the cycle at any given pint in time
in phase - Answer: could be laid over top of one another and match perfectly
out of phase - Answer: start and stop in different points; would not match up
What is sound intensity? - Answer: indicate how much sound power is transferred from the sound
source to the surrounding area
what is sound pressure? - Answer: indicate how much compressed or rarefied the particle are
What happens when sound pressure doubles? - Answer: increase by 6 dB
, What happens when sound pressure increases 10x? - Answer: increase by 20 dB
What happens when sound intensity doubles? - Answer: increases by 3 dB
What happens when sound intensity increases 10x? - Answer: increases by 10 dB
Why do we use dB HL? - Answer: to make all sounds what average ears can hear; used for hearing tests
How do you covert between dbSPL and dB HL? - Answer: dB HL= dB SPL - reference point
dB SPL= dB HL + reference value
Why do we use dB SL? - Answer: to make ranges constant in order to tell if a patient can hear it or not;
different for everyone
how do we convert between dB HL and dB SL? - Answer: dB SL= dB HL (from test) - dB HL threshold
What part of the anatomy are in the outer ear? - Answer: pinna/auricle
EAM
helix
tragus
love
concha
what parts of anatomy are in the middle ear? - Answer: tympanic membrane
pars tensa
pars flaccida
light reflex
malleus
incus
