CCHT Exam COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What is an infection? - correct answer An invasion of body tissue by organisms that are invisible
to the eye.
Dialysis surfaces must be disinfected with what solution? - correct answer 1:100 bleach solution
Large blood spills over 10ml must be disinfected with what solution? - correct answer 1:10
bleach solution
What is Aseptic technique? - correct answer Practices and procedures performed under
carefully controlled conditions. Minimizing contamination by pathogens.
When sterile meets sterile.. - correct answer It remains sterile
When sterile meets clean.. - correct answer It becomes clean
When sterile or clean meet dirty.. - correct answer It becomes dirty
PPE - correct answer Personal Protective Equipment. Full face shield or mask, eyewear with full
side shield, and fluid-resistant gowns and gloves.
3 blood borne pathogens that may be found in a dialysis unit - correct answer Hepatitis B,
Hepatitis C, and HIV
What is an exposure incident? - correct answer A bloody/body fluid splash/spray occurring to
the eyes nose or mouth, or non-intact skin.
What steps should you take if you have been exposed to the fluids? - correct answer
Wash/rinse immediately. Report to CM. Seek medical treatment.
What is hepatitis? - correct answer Inflammation of the liver due to various causes
How can the viral form of hepatitis be spread? - correct answer Hep A- via contaminated food
and the oral-fecal route
Hep B & C- via exposure to blood/body fluids
Why are patients with Hep B dialyzed in isolation room? - correct answer Extremely contagious,
lives outside the body for extended periods. (up to 7 days)
Why do we dialyze Hep C patients in the clinical area? - correct answer Not as contagious as
Hep B. HCV is not known to survive very long outside the body
What blood test indicates infection with Hep B? - correct answer HbsAg test for Hep B antigen,
indicates actual viral presence.
What blood test indicates the presence of immunity against Hep B? - correct answer HbsAb test
for antibodies, indicates immunity against Hep B
, CCHT Exam COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Which vaccine provides long-term immunity to Hep B? - correct answer Series of multiple
injections of either Recombivax or Engerix
Positive Tuberculin skin test, or exposure to TB - correct answer Patients with active TB are
contagious.
How is Tuberculosis spread? - correct answer Droplet of nuclei produced from infected
individuals when they cough, sneeze, speak, or sing
How do you prevent TB in a dialysis clinic? - correct answer Patients who have active TB cannot
dialyze in a hemodialysis clinic. 3 consecutive (-) sputum cultures before returning to the clinic
What is VRE (Vancomycin-resistant enterococci)? - correct answer Gram negative, round-
shaped bacteria that commonly live in the intestinal tract. Can cause infection anywhere in the
body, an resistant to several antibiotics.
What is MRSA (Methicillian-resistant Staphlyococcus Aureus) - correct answer "Staph".
Normally found on the skin or in the nose. Harmless until they enter the body through a cut or
other wound
What precautions should you take when caring for MRSA/VRE? - correct answer PPE, hand
sanitation before next task, dedicated gown should be worn. CVC dressings should be disposed
of in red BIO. DO NOT need isolation. Hands should be washed for 40-60 seconds.
What is C-Diff? - correct answer Clostridium difficile, hand washing is required.
Why is hand hygiene important? - correct answer Single most important infection control
measure to prevent the spread of infection.
What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - correct
answer 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, and 1 urethra
What are the functions of a healthy kidney? - correct answer Removal of waste products
(creatinine, urea, and uric acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes.
What is urea? - correct answer By-product of protein metabolism
What is creatinine? - correct answer By-product of muscle metabolism
Uric acid - correct answer Naturally in the body, as a result of the metabolism of purine (muscle
protein) that enters the body through dietary intake.
What are the hormonal functions of the kidneys? - correct answer Production of renin to help
regulate/control BP, production of erythropoietin (stimulates RBC production), and regulation
of calcium/phosphorus balance through the activation of Vit D.
What is the nephron? - correct answer Functional unit of the kidney. Tubular structure, filters
blood to form urine.
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What is an infection? - correct answer An invasion of body tissue by organisms that are invisible
to the eye.
Dialysis surfaces must be disinfected with what solution? - correct answer 1:100 bleach solution
Large blood spills over 10ml must be disinfected with what solution? - correct answer 1:10
bleach solution
What is Aseptic technique? - correct answer Practices and procedures performed under
carefully controlled conditions. Minimizing contamination by pathogens.
When sterile meets sterile.. - correct answer It remains sterile
When sterile meets clean.. - correct answer It becomes clean
When sterile or clean meet dirty.. - correct answer It becomes dirty
PPE - correct answer Personal Protective Equipment. Full face shield or mask, eyewear with full
side shield, and fluid-resistant gowns and gloves.
3 blood borne pathogens that may be found in a dialysis unit - correct answer Hepatitis B,
Hepatitis C, and HIV
What is an exposure incident? - correct answer A bloody/body fluid splash/spray occurring to
the eyes nose or mouth, or non-intact skin.
What steps should you take if you have been exposed to the fluids? - correct answer
Wash/rinse immediately. Report to CM. Seek medical treatment.
What is hepatitis? - correct answer Inflammation of the liver due to various causes
How can the viral form of hepatitis be spread? - correct answer Hep A- via contaminated food
and the oral-fecal route
Hep B & C- via exposure to blood/body fluids
Why are patients with Hep B dialyzed in isolation room? - correct answer Extremely contagious,
lives outside the body for extended periods. (up to 7 days)
Why do we dialyze Hep C patients in the clinical area? - correct answer Not as contagious as
Hep B. HCV is not known to survive very long outside the body
What blood test indicates infection with Hep B? - correct answer HbsAg test for Hep B antigen,
indicates actual viral presence.
What blood test indicates the presence of immunity against Hep B? - correct answer HbsAb test
for antibodies, indicates immunity against Hep B
, CCHT Exam COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Which vaccine provides long-term immunity to Hep B? - correct answer Series of multiple
injections of either Recombivax or Engerix
Positive Tuberculin skin test, or exposure to TB - correct answer Patients with active TB are
contagious.
How is Tuberculosis spread? - correct answer Droplet of nuclei produced from infected
individuals when they cough, sneeze, speak, or sing
How do you prevent TB in a dialysis clinic? - correct answer Patients who have active TB cannot
dialyze in a hemodialysis clinic. 3 consecutive (-) sputum cultures before returning to the clinic
What is VRE (Vancomycin-resistant enterococci)? - correct answer Gram negative, round-
shaped bacteria that commonly live in the intestinal tract. Can cause infection anywhere in the
body, an resistant to several antibiotics.
What is MRSA (Methicillian-resistant Staphlyococcus Aureus) - correct answer "Staph".
Normally found on the skin or in the nose. Harmless until they enter the body through a cut or
other wound
What precautions should you take when caring for MRSA/VRE? - correct answer PPE, hand
sanitation before next task, dedicated gown should be worn. CVC dressings should be disposed
of in red BIO. DO NOT need isolation. Hands should be washed for 40-60 seconds.
What is C-Diff? - correct answer Clostridium difficile, hand washing is required.
Why is hand hygiene important? - correct answer Single most important infection control
measure to prevent the spread of infection.
What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - correct
answer 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, and 1 urethra
What are the functions of a healthy kidney? - correct answer Removal of waste products
(creatinine, urea, and uric acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes.
What is urea? - correct answer By-product of protein metabolism
What is creatinine? - correct answer By-product of muscle metabolism
Uric acid - correct answer Naturally in the body, as a result of the metabolism of purine (muscle
protein) that enters the body through dietary intake.
What are the hormonal functions of the kidneys? - correct answer Production of renin to help
regulate/control BP, production of erythropoietin (stimulates RBC production), and regulation
of calcium/phosphorus balance through the activation of Vit D.
What is the nephron? - correct answer Functional unit of the kidney. Tubular structure, filters
blood to form urine.
