BIOL460 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
cranial and spinal nerves
neuron
basic structural and functional unit
cannot divide by mitosis
Neuroglia (glial cells)
cells that support and protect neurons
can divide by mitosis
originate in ectoderm
cell body
enlarged portion of the neuron with nucleus + other organelles and macromolecules
nuclei
group of neuron cell bodies (CNS)
ganglia
group of neuron cell bodies (PNS)
Dendrites
,thin, branched processes that extend out from the cell body
receive signals and transmits to cell body
axon
conducts action potentials away from the cell body
axon hillock
where action potential begins
Nodes of Ronvier
gaps in the myelin sheath
anterograde
axonal transport from cell body to axon terminal
retrograde
axonal transport from axon terminal to cell body
pathogens
sensory (afferent) neurons
neurons that send impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS
motor (efferent) neurons
neurons that send impulses from the CNS to effectors
somatic motor neurons
stimulate contracting of skeletal muscle
autonomic motor neurons
stimulate contraction of involuntary muscles (smooth & cardiac)
sympathetic nervous system
emergency situations (fight or flight)
, parasympathetic nervous system
everyday situations (rest and digest)
association neurons (interneurons)
associate all various functions of the nervous system within the CNS
Pseudounipolar
1 process that splits like a "T" and looks like 2
Bipolar
2 processes
retina & cochlea
multipolar
most common type of neuron
several dendrites
1 axon
motor neurons + interneurons
nerves
bundles of axons in the PNS
tracts
bundles of axons in the CNS
Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes)
produce myelin in PNS
surround peripheral neurons
Satellite cells (ganglionic gliocytes)
support ganglia in PNS
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
cranial and spinal nerves
neuron
basic structural and functional unit
cannot divide by mitosis
Neuroglia (glial cells)
cells that support and protect neurons
can divide by mitosis
originate in ectoderm
cell body
enlarged portion of the neuron with nucleus + other organelles and macromolecules
nuclei
group of neuron cell bodies (CNS)
ganglia
group of neuron cell bodies (PNS)
Dendrites
,thin, branched processes that extend out from the cell body
receive signals and transmits to cell body
axon
conducts action potentials away from the cell body
axon hillock
where action potential begins
Nodes of Ronvier
gaps in the myelin sheath
anterograde
axonal transport from cell body to axon terminal
retrograde
axonal transport from axon terminal to cell body
pathogens
sensory (afferent) neurons
neurons that send impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS
motor (efferent) neurons
neurons that send impulses from the CNS to effectors
somatic motor neurons
stimulate contracting of skeletal muscle
autonomic motor neurons
stimulate contraction of involuntary muscles (smooth & cardiac)
sympathetic nervous system
emergency situations (fight or flight)
, parasympathetic nervous system
everyday situations (rest and digest)
association neurons (interneurons)
associate all various functions of the nervous system within the CNS
Pseudounipolar
1 process that splits like a "T" and looks like 2
Bipolar
2 processes
retina & cochlea
multipolar
most common type of neuron
several dendrites
1 axon
motor neurons + interneurons
nerves
bundles of axons in the PNS
tracts
bundles of axons in the CNS
Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes)
produce myelin in PNS
surround peripheral neurons
Satellite cells (ganglionic gliocytes)
support ganglia in PNS
