WGU D307 Objective Assessment Prep (Latest 2023/ 2025 Update) Educational Psychology and Human Development of Children and Adolescents | Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A

WGU D307 Objective Assessment Prep (Latest 2023/ 2025 Update) Educational Psychology and Human Development of Children and Adolescents | Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A .3 Factors of Instructional Contexts - ANSWER-physical (instructional media), social (opportunities for peer & student-teacher interaction), motivational (content being relevant/interesting to students) .3 Types of Orthopedic Impairment - ANSWER-neuromotor impairments (ex: cerebral palsy), degenerative diseases, musculoskeletal disorders .3 Ways to Learn (Skinner) - ANSWER-imitating others, prompting from others, shaping from others; associated with Behaviorism .4 Types of Knowledge (Bloom's Revised Taxonomy) - ANSWER-factual, conceptual, procedural, metacognitive .Accommodation - ANSWER-adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information .Assimilation - ANSWER-interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas .Authentic Assessment - ANSWER-a testing procedure that focuses on the process used in solving complex, real-life problems rather than the product that results from the process .Bandura - ANSWER-Theorist who focused on observational learning; famous for the Bobo doll experiment; active in social-cognitive theory .Bandura's 4 Elements of Observational Learning - ANSWER-attention, memory, imitation, motivation (also called mediational processes) .Behaviorism - ANSWER-learning theory that emphasizes the predictable role of environment in causing observable behavior .Bloom - ANSWER-theorist who developed taxonomy of cognitive processes .Bloom's Revised Taxonomy - ANSWER-remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, create .Care Ethics - ANSWER-The theory that attitudes like caring and sensitivity to context is an important aspect of the moral life, particularly for women and girls; developed by Carol Gilligan .Chomsky - ANSWER-theorist who formed the Universal Grammar theory; associated with language development .Classical Conditioning - ANSWER-a learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited only by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone. .Cognitivism - ANSWER-the theory that learning is a conscious, rational process; focuses on what is happening inside the brain, specifically how memory develops and how external factors combine with prior beliefs and understandings to create memory/learning; prioritizes teaching students to use the "right" learning strategies that promote transfer of knowledge into long-term memory (these include "chunking" concepts into smaller pieces, organizing concepts in sequence, and encouraging connections with previously learned material) .Collaborative Learning - ANSWER-learning that takes place when students work in groups to discuss and solve problems together; associated with Vygotsky and social constructivism .Common Needs of Students with Cognitive Barriers - ANSWER-support with organization, support with routines/procedures, repetition of directions, extended time, positive behavioral supports, redirection and de-escalation of challenging behaviors, supports for memory, communication support .Common Needs of Students with Language Challenges - ANSWER-reading support, writing assistance/support, social skills coaching, speech therapy, expressive language instruction, receptive language instruction, assistive technology to support communication, augmentative/alternative communication (AAC), extra time on tests and when speaking, advance notice when being called on .Common Needs of Students with Physical Barriers - ANSWER-extended time on tests, positive and nonpunitive supports for behavior, logistical/material support such as food/transportation/clothing, assistive technology, mobility supports, accessible environments, access to braille/captioning/hearing systems, trauma-sensitive teaching .Common Needs of Students with Trauma - ANSWER-Consistent rules/routines, calm and controlled environment, clarity on what's happening in the future, advance notice about changes, clean and decluttered classrooms, a calm-down spot in the classroom, help naming and managing emotions, consistent de-escalation strategies, authentic positive reinforcement .Constructivism - ANSWER-a philosophy of learning based on the premise that people construct their own understanding of the world they live in through reflection on experiences; associated with Piaget and Vygotsky .Criterion-Referenced Assessment - ANSWER-an assessment in which a student's performance is compared to a particular level of mastery .Direct Instruction - ANSWER-The teacher defines and teaches a concept, guides students through its application, and arranges for extended guided practice until mastery is achieved; characterized by very structured curriculum .Discrimination (Behaviorism) - ANSWER-the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus .Equilibration - ANSWER-the process by which children (or other people) balance assimilation and accommodation to create stable understanding .Erikson - ANSWER-theorist who studied psychosocial development across the lifespan .Flex Model - ANSWER-a system in which online learning is the backbone of student learning. Students are each given a customized, fluid schedule and are given the opportunity to work at their own pace. The teacher of record or other adults provide face-to-face support on a flexible and adaptive as-needed basis. .Formative Assessment - ANSWER-assessment used throughout teaching of a lesson and/or unit to gauge students' understanding and inform and guide teaching .Gardner - ANSWER-theorist who wanted to broaden definition of intelligence; created 8 types of intelligence .Gardner's Multiple Intelligences - ANSWER-linguistic, logico-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, naturalist, interpersonal, intrapersonal .General Intelligence - ANSWER-the idea that one general factor underlies intelligence, measured in 'g factor'; associated with Spearman .Generalization (Behaviorism) - ANSWER-the tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses .Gilligan - ANSWER-theorist who examined moral differences between boys and girls based on social rules and on ethic of caring and responsibility; critical of Kohlberg .Goals - ANSWER-broadly what you want to the students to achieve .Growth Mindset - ANSWER-the idea that our abilities are malleable qualities that we can cultivate and grow .Humanism - ANSWER-a theory that focuses on the inherent good of humanity, prizes subjective perception over objective reality, and utilizes qualitative studies rather than quantitative studies; associated with Maslow and Rogers