BIOL460 -- EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++

BIOL460 -- EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++ thyroid gland largest endocrine gland what is the thyroid made out of ? thyroid follicles thyroid follicles contain colloid suspension what do parafollicular cells between follicles produce? calcitonin calcitonin decreases amount of calcium in blood decrease of calcium 1. kidneys excrete calcium in urine 2. inhibits osteoclasts calcium is necessary for muscle contraction, exocytosis of NTs, part of secondary messenger systems thyroid follicle cells remove iodide from blood and oxidize into iodine MIT monoiodotyrosine DIT diiodotyrosine MIT + DIT T3 + thyroglobulin DIT +. DIT T4 + thyroglobulin TSH acts on follicle cells endocytosis of thyroglobulin so T3 + T4 can move through membrane into the blood genomic action of thyroid 1) protein synthesis 2) maturation of nervous system 3) increase in basal metabolic rate (BMR) BMR how many calories you're using symptoms of hyperthyroidism hot, manic, increased activity, decreased sleep, increase heart rate, quick reflexes, increased bowl movement, weight loss, eating more symptoms of hypothyroidism cold, depressed, decreased activity, increased sleep, decreased heart rate, slow reflexes, constipation, weight gain, eating less goiter enlarged thyroid hypertrophy increased amounts of trophic hormones from AP/AH cause enlargement endemic (iodine deficient) goiter don't have enough I- in diet, can't make T3 + T4, increase in TRH + TSH, thyroid grows = goiter to increase iodine in diet put I- in salt WIS world/wonderful iodine state = SC - a lot in soil Grave's Disease (Thyrotoxicosis) (Toxic Goiter) autoimmune, unknown pathogen -- maybe virus?,