ACING BIOS 255 TEST 3 WITH AN A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLAYBOOK

ACING BIOS 255 TEST 3 WITH AN A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLAYBOOK A typical spinal nerve forms branches after it emerges from the spinal column; they are ______. rami communicantes posterior ramus anterior ramus Each anterior root and its corresponding posterior root unite within the _______ to become a spinal nerve. intervertebral foramen Dermatomes are clinically important because they can indicate potential damage to one or more ______. spinal nerves The principal plexuses are the plexus, plexus, plexus, and sacral plexuses cervical or Cervical Blank 2: brachial or Brachial Blank 3: lumbar or Lumbar One important branch of the cervical plexus is the phrenic nerve, which is formed primarily from the ______ nerve and some contributing axons from ______. C4, C3 and C5 The cell bodies of ______ neurons are found in the posterior horns of the spinal cord. sensory There are five roots of anterior rami that unite to form the superior, middle, and inferior ______ in the posterior triangle of the neck. trunks A spinal nerve contains ______ axons. motor and sensory The ______ rami of most spinal nerves form nerve plexuses on the right or left side of the body. anterior The phrenic nerve travels through the thoracic cavity to innervate the ______. diaphragm Each brachial plexus is formed by the anterior rami of spinal nerves ______. C5-T1 The left and right lumbar plexuses are formed from the ______ rami of spinal nerves L1-L4 located lateral to the L1-L4 vertebrae and along the ______ muscle in the posterior abdominal wall. anterior, psoas major The nerves emerging from a sacral plexus innervate the ______ region, pelvis, perineum, posterior thigh, and almost all of the ______. gluteal, leg and foot The sciatic nerve is actually composed of two divisions wrapped in a common sheath. What are the two divisions? Tibial and common fibular A reflex arc is the neural wiring of a ______ reflex. single The lumbar plexus is subdivided into a(n) ______ division and a ______ division. anterior, posterior The left and right sacral plexuses are formed from the ______ rami of spinal nerves ______ and are located immediately inferior to the lumbar plexuses. anterior, L4-S4 The tibial nerve is formed from the ______ divisions of the sciatic nerve. anterior In a withdrawal reflex, interneurons in the spinal cord stimulate motor neurons to stimulate ______ muscles to contract while inhibiting ______ muscles. flexor, extensor A reflex arc always begins at a receptor in the ______, communicates with the ______, and ends at a peripheral effector, such as a muscle or gland cell. PNS, CNS A hyperactive reflex refers to an abnormally ______ response. strong The longest nerve in the body is the _______ nerve. sciatic In a withdrawal reflex, ______ muscles are inhibited so that the traumatized body part may be quickly withdrawn from the harmful stimulation. extensor When a stimulus results in the stretching of a muscle, that muscle reflexively ______. contracts A hypoactive reflex may indicate damage to a segment of the ______, or it may suggest muscle disease or damage to the ______ junction. spinal cord, neuromuscular Nervous system pathways conduct ______. both sensory information or motor impulses Motor pathways in the nervous system transmit ______. info from the central nervous system to muscles or glands. Which of the following correctly describe(s) characteristics of nervous system pathways? They connect CNS regions with cranial and spinal nerves. The neurons in sensory pathways are termed ______. primary, secondary, and sometimes tertiary neurons When you step on a jellyfish with your right foot, the _______ side of your brain sends the impulse to lift your right foot. left Communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral body structures occurs along pathways, each of which consists of a CNS axon bundle called a ______. tract Pathways that transmit motor impulses are also called ______ pathways because the information travels inferiorly from the brain, through the spinal cord, to muscles or glands. descending Decussate matches Choice, Axons in a tract cross over from one side of the body to the other along the tract. Axons in a tract cross over from one side of the body to the other along the tract. Paired tracts matches Choice, For every tract on the left side of the CNS there is a corresponding tract on the right side of the CNS; each tract innervates structures on only one side of the body. For every tract on the left side of the CNS there is a corresponding tract on the right side of the CNS; each tract innervates structures on only one side of the body. Neurons in series matches Choice, From origin to destination, sensory pathways consist of three or two neurons, whereas motor pathways consist of two neurons. From origin to destination, sensory pathways consist of three or two neurons, whereas motor pathways consist of two neurons. Motor pathways use a(n) ______ motor neuron and a(n) ______ motor neuron. Multiple choice question. upper, lower When decussation occurs, information is processed on the opposite side of the brain or ______ compared to where the information is coming from or the destination of the impulse. contralaterally Descending nervous system pathways are also called pathways. motor, Motor, or efferent Which are the locations of neuron cell bodies in nervous system pathways?