ATI PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAMS SECRETS: A
ROADMAP TO A+
A nurse is assessing a client during transfusion of a unit of whole blood. The
client develops a cough, shortness of breath, elevated blood pressure, and
distended neck veins. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the
following medications?
A. Epinephrine
B. Lorazepam
C. Furosemide
D. Diphenhydramine
C (Furosemide, a loop diuretic, may be prescribed to relieve manifestations of
circulatory overload)
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a prescription for
Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin to treat a Peptic Ulcer. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Take these medications with food."
B. "These medications can turn your stool black"
C. "These medications can cause photosensitivity."
D. "The purpose of these medications is to decrease the ph of gastric juices in
the stomach."
A (The nurse should instruct the client to take these medications with food to reduce GI
disturbances)
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Omeprazole for
management of heartburn. Which of the following information should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Take this medication at bedtime.
B. This medication decreases the production of gastric acid.
,C. Take this medication 2 hr after eating.
D. This medication can cause hyperkalemia
B (Omeprazole reduces gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the enzyme that produces
gastric acid)
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking Sucralfate PO for Peptic Ulcer Disease
has a new prescription for phenytoin to control seizures. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. Take an antacid with the sucralfate.
B. Take sucralfate with a glass of milk.
C. Allow a 2-hr interval between these medications.
D. Chew the sucralfate thoroughly before swallowing
C (Sucralfate can interfere with the absorption of phenytoin, so the client should allow a
2-hr interval between the sucralfate and phenytoin.)
A nurse is caring for four clients who have Peptic Ulcer Disease. The nurse
should recognize Misoprostol is contraindicated for which of the following
clients?
A. A client who is pregnant
B. A client who has osteoarthritis
C. A client who has a kidney stone
D. A client who has a urinary tract infection
A (misoprostol can induce labor and is contraindicated in pregnancy.)
A nurse is providing a client who has Peptic Ulcer Disease with instructions
about managing his condition. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. "Eat a bedtime snack."
B. "Drink decaffeinated coffee"
C. "Low-dose aspirin therapy should be avoided."
,D. "Seek measures to reduce stress."
E. "Avoid smoking."
d, e
(D. Reducing stress is beneficial for healing of the ulcer and prevention of
complications.
E. Smoking inhibits healing of the ulcer.)
A nurse is caring for a client who received Prochlorperazine 4 hr ago. The client
reports spasms of his face. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which
of the following medications?
A.Fomepizole
B.Naloxone
C.Phytonadione
D.Diphenhydramine
D (An adverse effect of prochlorperazine is acute dystonia, which is evidenced by
spasms of the muscles in the face, neck, and tongue. Diphenhydramine is used to
suppress extrapyramidal effects of prochlorperazin)
A nurse is planning to administer Ondansetron IV for an older adult client who
has a history of diabetes mellitus and cardiac myopathy and is receiving
chemotherapy for cancer. For which of the following adverse effects of
ondansetron should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
A. Headache
B. Diarrhea
C. Shortened PR interval
D. Hyperglycemia
E. Prolonged QT interval
a, b, e
(A.headache is a common adverse effect of ondansetron.
, B. Diarrhea or constipation are both adverse effects of ondansetron
E. A prolonged QT interval is a possible adverse effect of ondansetron that can lead to
torsades de pointes, a serious dysrhythmia.)
A nurse is providing instructions about the use of laxatives to a client who has
heart failure. The nurse should tell the client he should avoid which of the
following laxatives?
A. Sodium phosphate
B. Psyllium
C. Bisacodyl
D. Polyethylene glycol
A (Typically, clients who have heart failure
are on a sodium-restricted diet. Absorption of sodium from sodium phosphate causes
fluid retention and is contraindicated for clients who have heart failure.)
A nurse is caring for a client who has Diabetes and is experiencing Nausea due to
Gastroparesis. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the
following medications?
A. Lubiprostone
B. Metoclopramide
C. Bisacodyl
D. Loperamide
B (Metoclopramide is a dopamine antagonist that is used to treat nausea and also
increases gastric motility. It can relieve the bloating and nausea of diabetic
gastroparesis.)
A nurse is providing information about Probiotic supplements to a male client.
Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that
apply.)
A. "Probiotics are micro-organisms that are normally found in the GI tract."
ROADMAP TO A+
A nurse is assessing a client during transfusion of a unit of whole blood. The
client develops a cough, shortness of breath, elevated blood pressure, and
distended neck veins. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the
following medications?
A. Epinephrine
B. Lorazepam
C. Furosemide
D. Diphenhydramine
C (Furosemide, a loop diuretic, may be prescribed to relieve manifestations of
circulatory overload)
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a prescription for
Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin to treat a Peptic Ulcer. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Take these medications with food."
B. "These medications can turn your stool black"
C. "These medications can cause photosensitivity."
D. "The purpose of these medications is to decrease the ph of gastric juices in
the stomach."
A (The nurse should instruct the client to take these medications with food to reduce GI
disturbances)
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Omeprazole for
management of heartburn. Which of the following information should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Take this medication at bedtime.
B. This medication decreases the production of gastric acid.
,C. Take this medication 2 hr after eating.
D. This medication can cause hyperkalemia
B (Omeprazole reduces gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the enzyme that produces
gastric acid)
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking Sucralfate PO for Peptic Ulcer Disease
has a new prescription for phenytoin to control seizures. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include?
A. Take an antacid with the sucralfate.
B. Take sucralfate with a glass of milk.
C. Allow a 2-hr interval between these medications.
D. Chew the sucralfate thoroughly before swallowing
C (Sucralfate can interfere with the absorption of phenytoin, so the client should allow a
2-hr interval between the sucralfate and phenytoin.)
A nurse is caring for four clients who have Peptic Ulcer Disease. The nurse
should recognize Misoprostol is contraindicated for which of the following
clients?
A. A client who is pregnant
B. A client who has osteoarthritis
C. A client who has a kidney stone
D. A client who has a urinary tract infection
A (misoprostol can induce labor and is contraindicated in pregnancy.)
A nurse is providing a client who has Peptic Ulcer Disease with instructions
about managing his condition. Which of the following instructions should the
nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. "Eat a bedtime snack."
B. "Drink decaffeinated coffee"
C. "Low-dose aspirin therapy should be avoided."
,D. "Seek measures to reduce stress."
E. "Avoid smoking."
d, e
(D. Reducing stress is beneficial for healing of the ulcer and prevention of
complications.
E. Smoking inhibits healing of the ulcer.)
A nurse is caring for a client who received Prochlorperazine 4 hr ago. The client
reports spasms of his face. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which
of the following medications?
A.Fomepizole
B.Naloxone
C.Phytonadione
D.Diphenhydramine
D (An adverse effect of prochlorperazine is acute dystonia, which is evidenced by
spasms of the muscles in the face, neck, and tongue. Diphenhydramine is used to
suppress extrapyramidal effects of prochlorperazin)
A nurse is planning to administer Ondansetron IV for an older adult client who
has a history of diabetes mellitus and cardiac myopathy and is receiving
chemotherapy for cancer. For which of the following adverse effects of
ondansetron should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
A. Headache
B. Diarrhea
C. Shortened PR interval
D. Hyperglycemia
E. Prolonged QT interval
a, b, e
(A.headache is a common adverse effect of ondansetron.
, B. Diarrhea or constipation are both adverse effects of ondansetron
E. A prolonged QT interval is a possible adverse effect of ondansetron that can lead to
torsades de pointes, a serious dysrhythmia.)
A nurse is providing instructions about the use of laxatives to a client who has
heart failure. The nurse should tell the client he should avoid which of the
following laxatives?
A. Sodium phosphate
B. Psyllium
C. Bisacodyl
D. Polyethylene glycol
A (Typically, clients who have heart failure
are on a sodium-restricted diet. Absorption of sodium from sodium phosphate causes
fluid retention and is contraindicated for clients who have heart failure.)
A nurse is caring for a client who has Diabetes and is experiencing Nausea due to
Gastroparesis. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the
following medications?
A. Lubiprostone
B. Metoclopramide
C. Bisacodyl
D. Loperamide
B (Metoclopramide is a dopamine antagonist that is used to treat nausea and also
increases gastric motility. It can relieve the bloating and nausea of diabetic
gastroparesis.)
A nurse is providing information about Probiotic supplements to a male client.
Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that
apply.)
A. "Probiotics are micro-organisms that are normally found in the GI tract."
