PHLSg450gEPIDEMIOLOGYgMIDTERMgEXAMg|
gGORDISgEPIDEMIOLOGY6THEDITIONCELENTANOTESTBA
NK|gREALgEXAMgQUESTIONSgANDgANSWERS
1. Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftertiaryprevention?
a. Vaccinationforgrotavirusforchildrenyoungerthantheageof1year
b. Surgicalamputationofanextremitywithosteosarcoma(bonecancer)
c. Screeningforgestationaldiabetesafterg24gweeksgofpregnancy
d. Sexualeducationprogramginelementaryschools
e. Increasingtaxesforbuying g
cigarettesANS:gB
Surgicalgamputationgofgangextremitygwithgosteosarcomag(bonegcancer)gisg
angexampleginwhichwhenadiseaseispresentthetreatment(amputation)isdo
netoreducegthegimpactgofgdiseasebygpreventinggthegtumorgfromgdissemina
tion.gVaccinationgforgrotavirusgforgchildrengyoungergthangthegagegofg1gyear
,gsexualgeducationgprogramgingelementarygschools,gandgincreasinggtaxesgf
orgbuyinggcigarettesgrepresentgexamplesofgprimarygprevention.gScreeningg
forggestationalgdiabetesgafterg24gweeksgofpregnancygisgangexamplegofgsec
ondarygprevention.
2. Thisghistoricgcharactergobservedwasgmoregcommongamonggwomengtre
atedgbygphysiciansgandgmedicalgstudentsgcomparedgwithgwomengtreat
edgbygmidwives.gBasedgonghisgobservations,ghegimplementedgaghandgw
ashgpolicygthatgresultedgingadecreasegingmortality.gNamegthegcharacter
g thatgwegaregtalkinggabout.
a. JohnSnow
b. EdwardJenner
c. D.A.Henderson
d. LeonGordis
e. I g n a
,zSemmelweisAN
S:
E
IgnazSemmelweisidentifiedthatmedicalstudentsandphysicianstransmittedthe
,diseasebynotwashingtheirhandsafterexaminingbodiesatautopsiesandgconductin
ggmultiplegexaminationsgingthegclinic.
3. ThankstothecontributionsofEdwardJenner,thefollowingdiseasewasgera
dicatedglaterbygeffortsgorganizedgbygD.A.gHenderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
ANS:B
Smallpoxgwasgeradicatedging1980.gEdwardgJennergvaccinatedgJamesgPhi
ppsging1796gagainstsmallpox.gAlmostg200gyearsglater,gthegWorldgHealth
g Organizationg(WHO)gcommissioned
D.A.Hendersontoleadtheeffortstoeradicatethedisease.
4. Overgthegpastgcentury,gagmarkedgdeclinegingthegmortalitygratesgofgman
yginfectiousgdiseasesghasgbeengobserved.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgtheg
mostglikelygreasongforgthegobservedgdeclineingmortalitygratesgfromgcom
monginfectiousgdiseases?
a. Developmentofpenicillin
b. Developmentofinsulin
c. Developmentofvaccines
d. Improvementginsocialconditions
e. Worsesanitationandunsafeg
waterANS:gD
Althoughgmedicalgtreatmentsgpotentiallyghelpedgingthegdecreasegofginfe
ctiousgdiseases,gthegadvancementgingsocialgconditionsgplayedgagmajorgr
, ole.gThesegimprovementsincludebettersanitation,safedisposalofwaste,b
etternutrition,
gGORDISgEPIDEMIOLOGY6THEDITIONCELENTANOTESTBA
NK|gREALgEXAMgQUESTIONSgANDgANSWERS
1. Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftertiaryprevention?
a. Vaccinationforgrotavirusforchildrenyoungerthantheageof1year
b. Surgicalamputationofanextremitywithosteosarcoma(bonecancer)
c. Screeningforgestationaldiabetesafterg24gweeksgofpregnancy
d. Sexualeducationprogramginelementaryschools
e. Increasingtaxesforbuying g
cigarettesANS:gB
Surgicalgamputationgofgangextremitygwithgosteosarcomag(bonegcancer)gisg
angexampleginwhichwhenadiseaseispresentthetreatment(amputation)isdo
netoreducegthegimpactgofgdiseasebygpreventinggthegtumorgfromgdissemina
tion.gVaccinationgforgrotavirusgforgchildrengyoungergthangthegagegofg1gyear
,gsexualgeducationgprogramgingelementarygschools,gandgincreasinggtaxesgf
orgbuyinggcigarettesgrepresentgexamplesofgprimarygprevention.gScreeningg
forggestationalgdiabetesgafterg24gweeksgofpregnancygisgangexamplegofgsec
ondarygprevention.
2. Thisghistoricgcharactergobservedwasgmoregcommongamonggwomengtre
atedgbygphysiciansgandgmedicalgstudentsgcomparedgwithgwomengtreat
edgbygmidwives.gBasedgonghisgobservations,ghegimplementedgaghandgw
ashgpolicygthatgresultedgingadecreasegingmortality.gNamegthegcharacter
g thatgwegaregtalkinggabout.
a. JohnSnow
b. EdwardJenner
c. D.A.Henderson
d. LeonGordis
e. I g n a
,zSemmelweisAN
S:
E
IgnazSemmelweisidentifiedthatmedicalstudentsandphysicianstransmittedthe
,diseasebynotwashingtheirhandsafterexaminingbodiesatautopsiesandgconductin
ggmultiplegexaminationsgingthegclinic.
3. ThankstothecontributionsofEdwardJenner,thefollowingdiseasewasgera
dicatedglaterbygeffortsgorganizedgbygD.A.gHenderson:
a. Cholera
b. Smallpox
c. Chickenpox
d. Polio
e. Zika
ANS:B
Smallpoxgwasgeradicatedging1980.gEdwardgJennergvaccinatedgJamesgPhi
ppsging1796gagainstsmallpox.gAlmostg200gyearsglater,gthegWorldgHealth
g Organizationg(WHO)gcommissioned
D.A.Hendersontoleadtheeffortstoeradicatethedisease.
4. Overgthegpastgcentury,gagmarkedgdeclinegingthegmortalitygratesgofgman
yginfectiousgdiseasesghasgbeengobserved.gWhichgofgthegfollowinggisgtheg
mostglikelygreasongforgthegobservedgdeclineingmortalitygratesgfromgcom
monginfectiousgdiseases?
a. Developmentofpenicillin
b. Developmentofinsulin
c. Developmentofvaccines
d. Improvementginsocialconditions
e. Worsesanitationandunsafeg
waterANS:gD
Althoughgmedicalgtreatmentsgpotentiallyghelpedgingthegdecreasegofginfe
ctiousgdiseases,gthegadvancementgingsocialgconditionsgplayedgagmajorgr
, ole.gThesegimprovementsincludebettersanitation,safedisposalofwaste,b
etternutrition,
