Test Bank Pathophysiology the Biologic Basis for D
b b b b b b b
isease in Adults and Children 8th Edition
b b b b b b
Chapterb1:bCellularbBiology
b
MULTIPLEbCHOICE
b
1. Whichbstatementbbestbdescribesbthebcellularbfunctionbofbmetabolicbabsorption?
a.bbbbCellsbcanbproducebproteins.bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbc.bbbbCellsbcanbtakebinbandbusebnutrients.
b.bbbCellsbcanbsecretebdigestivebenzymes.bbbbbbbbd.bbbbCellsbcanbsynthesizebfats.
b
ANS:bC
b
Inbmetabolicbabsorption,ballbcellsbtakebinbandbusebnutrientsbandbotherbsubstancesbfrombthei
rbsurroundings.bThebremainingboptionsbarebnotbinclusivebinbtheirbdescriptionsbofbcellularbme
tabolicbabsorption.
b
PTS:b1 REF:bPageb2 b b
2.bMostbofbabcell’s geneticbinformation, including RNAbandbDNA,bisbcontainedbinbthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome b d. Lysosome
b
ANS:bC
b
Thebnucleusbcontainsbthebnucleolus,babsmallbdensebstructurebcomposedblargelybofbRNA,b
mostbofbthebcellularbDNA,bandbthebDNA-
bindingbproteins,bsuchbasbthebhistones,bwhichbregulatebitsbactivity.bThebotherboptionsbdobno
tbcontainbmostbofbabcell’sbgeneticbinformation.
b
PTS:bbb1bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbREF:bbbbPageb2
b
, 1. Whichbcomponentbofbthebcellbproducesbhydrogenbperoxideb(H2O2)bbybusingboxyge
nbtobremovebhydrogenbatomsbfrombspecificbsubstratesbinbanboxidativebreaction?
a.bbbbLysosomesbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbc.bbbbRibosomes
b.bbbPeroxisomesbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbd.bbbbOxyhydrosomes
b
ANS:bB
b
Peroxisomesbarebsobnamedbbecausebtheybusuallybcontainbenzymesbthatbuseboxygenbto
removebhydrogenbatomsbfrombspecificbsubstratesbinbanboxidativebreactionbthatbproduces
b
H2O2,bwhichbisbabpowerfulboxidantbandbpotentiallybdestructivebifbitbaccumulatesborbescapes
frombperoxisomes.bRibosomesbarebRNA-proteinbcomplexesb(nucleoproteins)bthatbare
b
synthesizedbinbthebnucleolusbandbsecretedbintobthebcytoplasmbthroughbporesbinbthebnuclea
r
envelopebcalledbnuclearbporebcomplexes.bLysosomesbarebsaclikebstructuresbthatboriginate
frombthebGolgibcomplexbandbcontainbmorebthanb40bdigestivebenzymesbcalledbhydrolases,
b
whichbcatalyzebbondsbinbproteins,blipids,bnucleicbacids,bandbcarbohydrates.bOxyhydrosom
es
arebinvolvedbinbenzymebproduction.
b
PTS:bbb1bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbREF:bbbbPageb8
b
1. Whichbcellbcomponentbisbcapablebofbcellularbautodigestionbwhenbitbisbreleasedbdurin
gbcell
b
injury?
, a.bbbbRibosomebbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbc.bbbbSmoothbendoplasmicbreticulum
b.bbbGolgibcomplexbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbd.bbbbLysosomes
b
ANS:bD
Theblysosomalbmembranebactsbasbabprotectivebshieldbbetweenbthebpowerfulbdigestivebenz
ymesbwithinbtheblysosomebandbthebcytoplasm,bpreventingbtheirbleakagebintobthebcytoplasm
icbmatrix.bDisruptionbofbthebmembranebbybvariousbtreatmentsborbcellularbinjurybleadsbtobabre
leasebofbtheblysosomalbenzymes,bwhichbcanbthenbreactbwithbtheirbspecificbsubstrates,bcausi
ngbcellularbself-digestion.bThebotherboptionsbdobnotbcorrectlybdescribebthisbprocess.
PTS:bbb1bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbREF:bbbbPagesb7-8
1. Whatbisbthebsequencebofbstepsbinbthebdevelopmentbofbabdigestivebenzymebbybthebpa
ncreasbcellsbfrombthebinitialbtranscriptionbtobthebreleasebfrombthebcell?
1. ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombDNAbbybRNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebribos
omebforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabsecretorybvesiclebtobthebcellbmembrane.
b
1. ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombRNAbbybDNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobtheblysos
omebforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbanbencapsulatedbmembranebtobthebcellbme
mbrane.
b
1. Thebenzymebisbtranscribedbbybthebmitochondriabinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebribo
somebforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabcytoskeletonbtobthebcellbmembrane.
b
1. ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombDNAbbybRNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebGolgi
bcomplexbforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabcytosolbtobthebcellbmembrane.
b
ANS:bA
b
ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombDNAbbybRNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebribosomebfo
rbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabsecretorybvesiclebtobthebcellbmembrane.bThebotherbopti
onsbdobnotbcorrectlybdescribebthisbprocess.
b
b b b b b b b
isease in Adults and Children 8th Edition
b b b b b b
Chapterb1:bCellularbBiology
b
MULTIPLEbCHOICE
b
1. Whichbstatementbbestbdescribesbthebcellularbfunctionbofbmetabolicbabsorption?
a.bbbbCellsbcanbproducebproteins.bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbc.bbbbCellsbcanbtakebinbandbusebnutrients.
b.bbbCellsbcanbsecretebdigestivebenzymes.bbbbbbbbd.bbbbCellsbcanbsynthesizebfats.
b
ANS:bC
b
Inbmetabolicbabsorption,ballbcellsbtakebinbandbusebnutrientsbandbotherbsubstancesbfrombthei
rbsurroundings.bThebremainingboptionsbarebnotbinclusivebinbtheirbdescriptionsbofbcellularbme
tabolicbabsorption.
b
PTS:b1 REF:bPageb2 b b
2.bMostbofbabcell’s geneticbinformation, including RNAbandbDNA,bisbcontainedbinbthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome b d. Lysosome
b
ANS:bC
b
Thebnucleusbcontainsbthebnucleolus,babsmallbdensebstructurebcomposedblargelybofbRNA,b
mostbofbthebcellularbDNA,bandbthebDNA-
bindingbproteins,bsuchbasbthebhistones,bwhichbregulatebitsbactivity.bThebotherboptionsbdobno
tbcontainbmostbofbabcell’sbgeneticbinformation.
b
PTS:bbb1bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbREF:bbbbPageb2
b
, 1. Whichbcomponentbofbthebcellbproducesbhydrogenbperoxideb(H2O2)bbybusingboxyge
nbtobremovebhydrogenbatomsbfrombspecificbsubstratesbinbanboxidativebreaction?
a.bbbbLysosomesbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbc.bbbbRibosomes
b.bbbPeroxisomesbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbd.bbbbOxyhydrosomes
b
ANS:bB
b
Peroxisomesbarebsobnamedbbecausebtheybusuallybcontainbenzymesbthatbuseboxygenbto
removebhydrogenbatomsbfrombspecificbsubstratesbinbanboxidativebreactionbthatbproduces
b
H2O2,bwhichbisbabpowerfulboxidantbandbpotentiallybdestructivebifbitbaccumulatesborbescapes
frombperoxisomes.bRibosomesbarebRNA-proteinbcomplexesb(nucleoproteins)bthatbare
b
synthesizedbinbthebnucleolusbandbsecretedbintobthebcytoplasmbthroughbporesbinbthebnuclea
r
envelopebcalledbnuclearbporebcomplexes.bLysosomesbarebsaclikebstructuresbthatboriginate
frombthebGolgibcomplexbandbcontainbmorebthanb40bdigestivebenzymesbcalledbhydrolases,
b
whichbcatalyzebbondsbinbproteins,blipids,bnucleicbacids,bandbcarbohydrates.bOxyhydrosom
es
arebinvolvedbinbenzymebproduction.
b
PTS:bbb1bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbREF:bbbbPageb8
b
1. Whichbcellbcomponentbisbcapablebofbcellularbautodigestionbwhenbitbisbreleasedbdurin
gbcell
b
injury?
, a.bbbbRibosomebbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbc.bbbbSmoothbendoplasmicbreticulum
b.bbbGolgibcomplexbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbd.bbbbLysosomes
b
ANS:bD
Theblysosomalbmembranebactsbasbabprotectivebshieldbbetweenbthebpowerfulbdigestivebenz
ymesbwithinbtheblysosomebandbthebcytoplasm,bpreventingbtheirbleakagebintobthebcytoplasm
icbmatrix.bDisruptionbofbthebmembranebbybvariousbtreatmentsborbcellularbinjurybleadsbtobabre
leasebofbtheblysosomalbenzymes,bwhichbcanbthenbreactbwithbtheirbspecificbsubstrates,bcausi
ngbcellularbself-digestion.bThebotherboptionsbdobnotbcorrectlybdescribebthisbprocess.
PTS:bbb1bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbREF:bbbbPagesb7-8
1. Whatbisbthebsequencebofbstepsbinbthebdevelopmentbofbabdigestivebenzymebbybthebpa
ncreasbcellsbfrombthebinitialbtranscriptionbtobthebreleasebfrombthebcell?
1. ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombDNAbbybRNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebribos
omebforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabsecretorybvesiclebtobthebcellbmembrane.
b
1. ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombRNAbbybDNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobtheblysos
omebforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbanbencapsulatedbmembranebtobthebcellbme
mbrane.
b
1. Thebenzymebisbtranscribedbbybthebmitochondriabinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebribo
somebforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabcytoskeletonbtobthebcellbmembrane.
b
1. ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombDNAbbybRNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebGolgi
bcomplexbforbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabcytosolbtobthebcellbmembrane.
b
ANS:bA
b
ThebenzymebisbtranscribedbfrombDNAbbybRNAbinbthebnucleus,bproceedsbtobthebribosomebfo
rbsynthesis,bandbisbtransportedbinbabsecretorybvesiclebtobthebcellbmembrane.bThebotherbopti
onsbdobnotbcorrectlybdescribebthisbprocess.
b
