Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition Test Bank
c c c c c
Chapterc1.cCellularcBiology
MULTIPLEcCHOICE
1. Acstudentciscobservingcaccellcundercthecmicroscope.cItciscobservedctochavecsupercoiledcDNAcwi
thchistones.cWhichcofcthecfollowingcwouldcalsocbecobservedcbycthecstudent?
a. Acsingleccircularcchromosome
b. Acnucleus
c. Free-floatingcnuclearcmaterial
d. Nocorganelles
ANS:cB
Theccellcdescribedciscaceukaryoticccell,csocitchaschistonescandcacsupercoiledcDNAcwithincitscnucleus;ct
hus,cthecnucleuscshouldcbecobserved.
Acsingleccircularcchromosomecisccharacteristiccofcprokaryoticccells,cwhichcdocnotchavechistones.
Free-floatingcnuclearcmaterialcdescribescacprokaryoticccell,cwhichcwouldcnotchavecacdistinctcnucleus.
Eukaryoticccellschavecmembranecboundedccellularccomponentsccalledcorganelles.cNocorganellescdes
cribescacprokaryoticccell.
2. Acnurseciscinstructingcthecstaffcaboutccellularcfunctions.cWhichccellularcfunctionciscthecnursecd
escribingcwhencancisolatedccellcabsorbscoxygencandcusescitctoctransformcnutrientsctocenergy?
a. Metaboliccabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
,ANS:cD
Thecabilitycofctheccellctocabsorbcoxygencrefersctoctheccellscfunctioncofcrespiration.
Thecabilitycofctheccellctocfunctioncwithincacsocietycofccellscrefersctocitscfunctioncofccommunication.
Thecabilitycofctheccellctoctakecincnutrientscrefersctoctheccellscfunctioncofcmetaboliccabsorption.
Thecabilitycofctheccellctocsynthesizecnewcsubstancescandcsecretecthesecelsewherecrefersctoctheccellscfu
nctioncofcsecretion.
3. AceukaryoticccellciscundergoingcDNAcreplication.cIncwhichcregioncofctheccellcwouldcmostcofcth
ecgeneticcinformationcbeccontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus
ANS:cC
Thecregioncofctheccellcthatccontainscgeneticcmaterial,cincludingcaclargecamountcofcribonucleiccacid,
mostcofcthecDNA,candcDNA-bindingcproteins,ciscthecnucleolus.
c
Thecmitochondriaciscthecsitecofccellularcrespiration.
Thecribosomescarecinvolvedcincmanufacturingcofcproteinscwithinctheccell.
Thecnucleusccontainscthecnucleolus,candcitciscthecnucleoluscthatccontainscgeneticcmaterial.
4. Thecfluidcmosaiccmodelcforcbiologiccmembranescdescribescmembranecbehavior.cAccordingctoct
hiscmodel,cwhichcofcthecfollowingcfloatcsinglycorcascaggregatescincthecfluidclipidcbilayer?
a. Peripheralcmembranecproteins
b. Integralcmembranecproteins
,c. Glycoproteins
d. Cellcadhesioncmolecules
ANS:cB
Integralcmembranecproteinscfloatcfreelycincthecfluidclipidcbilayer.
Peripheralcmembranecproteinscarecnotcembeddedcinctheclayer,cbutcresidecatcthecsurface.cGlycoprotein
scactcasccellcsurfacecmarkers.
Cellcadhesioncmoleculescareconcthecoutsidecofcthecmembranecandcallowccellsctochookctogether.
5. Whichcofcthecfollowingccancbindctocplasmacmembranecreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathicclipids
d. Ligands
ANS:cD
Ligandscarecspecificcmoleculescthatccancbindcwithcreceptorsconctheccellcmembrane.cOxyge
ncmovescbycdiffusion;citcdoescnotcbindctocreceptors.
Ribosomescmakecproteinscandcarecnotcinvolvedcincbinding.c
Amphipathicclipidscarecacportioncofctheccellcmembrane.
6. Acnurseciscreviewingcacreportcfromcacpatientcwithcmetastaticccancer.cWhatcfindingcwouldcsu
pportcthecdiagnosiscofcmetastaticccancer?cAlterationscincextracellularcmatrixcthatcinclude:
a. Decreasedcfibronectin
b. Increasedccollagen
c. Decreasedcelastin
, d. Increasedcglycoproteins
ANS:cA
Reducedcamountscofcfibronectincarecfoundcincsomectypescofccancerousccells,callowingccancerccells
toctravel,corcmetastasize.
c
Collagencprovidescstrength,candcitscbreakdownciscassociatedcwithcosteoarthritis,cnotccancer.
Elastinciscfoundcinctheclungscandcallowsctissuesctocstretch;citciscnotcassociatedcwithccancerousccells.
Decreased,cnotcincreased,cglycoproteinscarecassociatedcwithccancerousccells.
7. Whichcformcofccellccommunicationciscusedctocrelatectocotherccellscincdirectcphysicalccontact?
a. Cellcjunction
b. Gapcjunction
c. Desmosomes
d. Tightcjunctions
ANS:cA
Cellcjunctionscholdccellsctogethercandcpermitcmoleculesctocpasscfromccellctoccell.
Gapcjunctionscallowccommunicationcfromcthecinsidecofconeccellctocthecinsidecofcanother.cDesmosom
escarecnotcinvolvedcinccommunication,cbutcallowccellsctocholdctogether.
Tightcjunctionscarecbarrierscthatcpreventcmovementcofcsomecsubstancescandcleakagescofcothers.
8. Pancreaticcbetaccellscsecretecinsulin,cwhichcinhibitscsecretioncofcglucagoncfromcneighboringcal
phaccells.cThiscactionciscancexamplecofcwhichcofcthecfollowingcsignalingctypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c c c c c
Chapterc1.cCellularcBiology
MULTIPLEcCHOICE
1. Acstudentciscobservingcaccellcundercthecmicroscope.cItciscobservedctochavecsupercoiledcDNAcwi
thchistones.cWhichcofcthecfollowingcwouldcalsocbecobservedcbycthecstudent?
a. Acsingleccircularcchromosome
b. Acnucleus
c. Free-floatingcnuclearcmaterial
d. Nocorganelles
ANS:cB
Theccellcdescribedciscaceukaryoticccell,csocitchaschistonescandcacsupercoiledcDNAcwithincitscnucleus;ct
hus,cthecnucleuscshouldcbecobserved.
Acsingleccircularcchromosomecisccharacteristiccofcprokaryoticccells,cwhichcdocnotchavechistones.
Free-floatingcnuclearcmaterialcdescribescacprokaryoticccell,cwhichcwouldcnotchavecacdistinctcnucleus.
Eukaryoticccellschavecmembranecboundedccellularccomponentsccalledcorganelles.cNocorganellescdes
cribescacprokaryoticccell.
2. Acnurseciscinstructingcthecstaffcaboutccellularcfunctions.cWhichccellularcfunctionciscthecnursecd
escribingcwhencancisolatedccellcabsorbscoxygencandcusescitctoctransformcnutrientsctocenergy?
a. Metaboliccabsorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
,ANS:cD
Thecabilitycofctheccellctocabsorbcoxygencrefersctoctheccellscfunctioncofcrespiration.
Thecabilitycofctheccellctocfunctioncwithincacsocietycofccellscrefersctocitscfunctioncofccommunication.
Thecabilitycofctheccellctoctakecincnutrientscrefersctoctheccellscfunctioncofcmetaboliccabsorption.
Thecabilitycofctheccellctocsynthesizecnewcsubstancescandcsecretecthesecelsewherecrefersctoctheccellscfu
nctioncofcsecretion.
3. AceukaryoticccellciscundergoingcDNAcreplication.cIncwhichcregioncofctheccellcwouldcmostcofcth
ecgeneticcinformationcbeccontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus
ANS:cC
Thecregioncofctheccellcthatccontainscgeneticcmaterial,cincludingcaclargecamountcofcribonucleiccacid,
mostcofcthecDNA,candcDNA-bindingcproteins,ciscthecnucleolus.
c
Thecmitochondriaciscthecsitecofccellularcrespiration.
Thecribosomescarecinvolvedcincmanufacturingcofcproteinscwithinctheccell.
Thecnucleusccontainscthecnucleolus,candcitciscthecnucleoluscthatccontainscgeneticcmaterial.
4. Thecfluidcmosaiccmodelcforcbiologiccmembranescdescribescmembranecbehavior.cAccordingctoct
hiscmodel,cwhichcofcthecfollowingcfloatcsinglycorcascaggregatescincthecfluidclipidcbilayer?
a. Peripheralcmembranecproteins
b. Integralcmembranecproteins
,c. Glycoproteins
d. Cellcadhesioncmolecules
ANS:cB
Integralcmembranecproteinscfloatcfreelycincthecfluidclipidcbilayer.
Peripheralcmembranecproteinscarecnotcembeddedcinctheclayer,cbutcresidecatcthecsurface.cGlycoprotein
scactcasccellcsurfacecmarkers.
Cellcadhesioncmoleculescareconcthecoutsidecofcthecmembranecandcallowccellsctochookctogether.
5. Whichcofcthecfollowingccancbindctocplasmacmembranecreceptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathicclipids
d. Ligands
ANS:cD
Ligandscarecspecificcmoleculescthatccancbindcwithcreceptorsconctheccellcmembrane.cOxyge
ncmovescbycdiffusion;citcdoescnotcbindctocreceptors.
Ribosomescmakecproteinscandcarecnotcinvolvedcincbinding.c
Amphipathicclipidscarecacportioncofctheccellcmembrane.
6. Acnurseciscreviewingcacreportcfromcacpatientcwithcmetastaticccancer.cWhatcfindingcwouldcsu
pportcthecdiagnosiscofcmetastaticccancer?cAlterationscincextracellularcmatrixcthatcinclude:
a. Decreasedcfibronectin
b. Increasedccollagen
c. Decreasedcelastin
, d. Increasedcglycoproteins
ANS:cA
Reducedcamountscofcfibronectincarecfoundcincsomectypescofccancerousccells,callowingccancerccells
toctravel,corcmetastasize.
c
Collagencprovidescstrength,candcitscbreakdownciscassociatedcwithcosteoarthritis,cnotccancer.
Elastinciscfoundcinctheclungscandcallowsctissuesctocstretch;citciscnotcassociatedcwithccancerousccells.
Decreased,cnotcincreased,cglycoproteinscarecassociatedcwithccancerousccells.
7. Whichcformcofccellccommunicationciscusedctocrelatectocotherccellscincdirectcphysicalccontact?
a. Cellcjunction
b. Gapcjunction
c. Desmosomes
d. Tightcjunctions
ANS:cA
Cellcjunctionscholdccellsctogethercandcpermitcmoleculesctocpasscfromccellctoccell.
Gapcjunctionscallowccommunicationcfromcthecinsidecofconeccellctocthecinsidecofcanother.cDesmosom
escarecnotcinvolvedcinccommunication,cbutcallowccellsctocholdctogether.
Tightcjunctionscarecbarrierscthatcpreventcmovementcofcsomecsubstancescandcleakagescofcothers.
8. Pancreaticcbetaccellscsecretecinsulin,cwhichcinhibitscsecretioncofcglucagoncfromcneighboringcal
phaccells.cThiscactionciscancexamplecofcwhichcofcthecfollowingcsignalingctypes?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
