BIOD 152: Exam 1 (Answered)
2025/2026.100% Verified.
what is anatomy?
structure of the body
what is physiology?
how the body parts function together
what is the structure of bones?
hard structures made of mineral deposits that protect the organs from damage
what is the function of the nervous system?
receives information, processes information, and sends out signals to the muscles and glands to
elicit an appropriate response
what is nervous tissue responsibile for?
the communication between the cells of the body by forming a system of electrical impulses that
communicate very rapidly
what are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
CNS and PNS
what does the CNS consist of?
brain and spinal cord
what feature protects the brain?
skull
what feature protects the spinal cord?
vertebrae
what is the function of the CNS?
send signals or impulses to and receive impulses from the peripheral nervous system
what are nuclei?
collections of cell bodies inside the central nervous system
what are tracts?
collection of nerve axons in the central nervous system
the PNS includes?
cranial and spinal nerves
, what are the regions of the brainstem?
midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
what projects from the brainstem?
cranial nerves
what projects from either side of the spinal cord?
spinal nerves
what is ganglia?
collections of cell bodies inside the peripheral nervous system
what are nerves?
collection of nerve axons in the peripheral nervous system
what are the two divisions of the PNS?
afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor)
what does the afferent (sensory) division do in the PNS?
receives impulses from the sensory organs
what does the efferent (motor) division do in the PNS?
relays signals or impulses from the central nervous system to muscles and glands
what are the two systems of the efferent division?
somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
the somatic nervous system nerves are under what type of control?
conscious (voluntary) control
what does the somatic nervous system control?
the movements of skeletal muscles, skin, and joints
the autonomic nervous system nerves are under what type of control?
not under conscious control
what does the autonomic nervous system control?
glands and smooth muscles of the internal organs
what are the two systems of the autonomic system?
sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
what does the sympathetic nervous system do?
activates and prepares the body for vigorous muscular activity, stress, and emergencies (fight or
flight)
2025/2026.100% Verified.
what is anatomy?
structure of the body
what is physiology?
how the body parts function together
what is the structure of bones?
hard structures made of mineral deposits that protect the organs from damage
what is the function of the nervous system?
receives information, processes information, and sends out signals to the muscles and glands to
elicit an appropriate response
what is nervous tissue responsibile for?
the communication between the cells of the body by forming a system of electrical impulses that
communicate very rapidly
what are the two main divisions of the nervous system?
CNS and PNS
what does the CNS consist of?
brain and spinal cord
what feature protects the brain?
skull
what feature protects the spinal cord?
vertebrae
what is the function of the CNS?
send signals or impulses to and receive impulses from the peripheral nervous system
what are nuclei?
collections of cell bodies inside the central nervous system
what are tracts?
collection of nerve axons in the central nervous system
the PNS includes?
cranial and spinal nerves
, what are the regions of the brainstem?
midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
what projects from the brainstem?
cranial nerves
what projects from either side of the spinal cord?
spinal nerves
what is ganglia?
collections of cell bodies inside the peripheral nervous system
what are nerves?
collection of nerve axons in the peripheral nervous system
what are the two divisions of the PNS?
afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor)
what does the afferent (sensory) division do in the PNS?
receives impulses from the sensory organs
what does the efferent (motor) division do in the PNS?
relays signals or impulses from the central nervous system to muscles and glands
what are the two systems of the efferent division?
somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system
the somatic nervous system nerves are under what type of control?
conscious (voluntary) control
what does the somatic nervous system control?
the movements of skeletal muscles, skin, and joints
the autonomic nervous system nerves are under what type of control?
not under conscious control
what does the autonomic nervous system control?
glands and smooth muscles of the internal organs
what are the two systems of the autonomic system?
sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
what does the sympathetic nervous system do?
activates and prepares the body for vigorous muscular activity, stress, and emergencies (fight or
flight)
