NSG 223 MED SURG 2 exam 1
1. What is cardiac the patient walks or runs on a treadmill (most common) or pedals a stationary
stress test? bicycle.
The test is stopped when the target heart rate is achieved or if the patient experi-
ences signs of myocardial ischemia.
Abnormal findings include
chest pain
ventricular arrhythmia
ST-segment depression
lack of heart rate or BP elevation with exercise
2. What is pharma- Patients who are cognitively impaired and unable to follow directions or physically
cological stress disabled or deconditioned will not be able to achieve their target heart rate by
test exercising on a treadmill or bicycle.
must avoid xanthine derivatives (theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine) for
24-48hrs prior (they block the effects of the vasodilating agents.)
NPO 3 hrs b4, abstain from all caffeine 24 hrs prior. Including chocolate and
caffeine free beverages ( tea)
3. What medica- Vasodilating agents such as
tions are use dipyridamole,
for pharmacolog- adenosine
ical stress t test- Or regadenoson given as an IV
ing? Dobutamine
, NSG 223 MED SURG 2 exam 1
used to mimic the effects of exercise by maximally dilating normal coronary arteries
and identifying stenotic arteries that cannot vasodilate. The side effects of these
agents are related to the vasodilating action and include chest pain, headache,
flushing, nausea, heart block, and dyspnea
these drugs can be reversed with IV aminophylline. Adenosine has an extremely
short half-life (less than 10 seconds), so any severe effects subside rapidly
4. Nursing interven- instructs the patient not to eat or drink anything for 6 hours prior to the study
tions for TEE
recovery period, the patient must maintain bed rest with the head of the bed
elevated to 45 degrees
monitors the patient for dyspnea and assesses vital signs, SpO2, level of conscious-
ness, and gag reflex as recommended
sore throat may be present for the next 24 hours
report the presence of a persistent sore throat, shortness of breath, or difficulty
swallowing
5. What test is con- Exercise stress test
tradictory to a pa-
tient who had an Contraindicated 48hrs after an Acute Myocardial Infarction
acute MI?
pt must be capable of walking on a treadmill, or a stationary bike
, NSG 223 MED SURG 2 exam 1
- NPO 3+ hrs before, avoid stimulants too
6. What is a Echocardiography involves transmission of high-frequency sound waves into the
echocardiogram? heart through the chest wall and the recording of the return signals
7. Examples of Transthoracic Echocardiography
echocardiogra- involves transmission of high-frequency sound waves into the heart through the
phy chest wall and the recording of the return signals
Transesophageal Echocardiography TEE
technique involves threading a small transducer through the mouth and into the
esophagus.A topical anesthetic agent and sedation are used
8. Labs to diag- Elevated troponin
nosed MI Elevated creating kinase-MB ( CK MB)
9. What would be Nurse should turn off irregular hear rate alarm
appreciated for a
patient with A-fib
10.
1. What is cardiac the patient walks or runs on a treadmill (most common) or pedals a stationary
stress test? bicycle.
The test is stopped when the target heart rate is achieved or if the patient experi-
ences signs of myocardial ischemia.
Abnormal findings include
chest pain
ventricular arrhythmia
ST-segment depression
lack of heart rate or BP elevation with exercise
2. What is pharma- Patients who are cognitively impaired and unable to follow directions or physically
cological stress disabled or deconditioned will not be able to achieve their target heart rate by
test exercising on a treadmill or bicycle.
must avoid xanthine derivatives (theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine) for
24-48hrs prior (they block the effects of the vasodilating agents.)
NPO 3 hrs b4, abstain from all caffeine 24 hrs prior. Including chocolate and
caffeine free beverages ( tea)
3. What medica- Vasodilating agents such as
tions are use dipyridamole,
for pharmacolog- adenosine
ical stress t test- Or regadenoson given as an IV
ing? Dobutamine
, NSG 223 MED SURG 2 exam 1
used to mimic the effects of exercise by maximally dilating normal coronary arteries
and identifying stenotic arteries that cannot vasodilate. The side effects of these
agents are related to the vasodilating action and include chest pain, headache,
flushing, nausea, heart block, and dyspnea
these drugs can be reversed with IV aminophylline. Adenosine has an extremely
short half-life (less than 10 seconds), so any severe effects subside rapidly
4. Nursing interven- instructs the patient not to eat or drink anything for 6 hours prior to the study
tions for TEE
recovery period, the patient must maintain bed rest with the head of the bed
elevated to 45 degrees
monitors the patient for dyspnea and assesses vital signs, SpO2, level of conscious-
ness, and gag reflex as recommended
sore throat may be present for the next 24 hours
report the presence of a persistent sore throat, shortness of breath, or difficulty
swallowing
5. What test is con- Exercise stress test
tradictory to a pa-
tient who had an Contraindicated 48hrs after an Acute Myocardial Infarction
acute MI?
pt must be capable of walking on a treadmill, or a stationary bike
, NSG 223 MED SURG 2 exam 1
- NPO 3+ hrs before, avoid stimulants too
6. What is a Echocardiography involves transmission of high-frequency sound waves into the
echocardiogram? heart through the chest wall and the recording of the return signals
7. Examples of Transthoracic Echocardiography
echocardiogra- involves transmission of high-frequency sound waves into the heart through the
phy chest wall and the recording of the return signals
Transesophageal Echocardiography TEE
technique involves threading a small transducer through the mouth and into the
esophagus.A topical anesthetic agent and sedation are used
8. Labs to diag- Elevated troponin
nosed MI Elevated creating kinase-MB ( CK MB)
9. What would be Nurse should turn off irregular hear rate alarm
appreciated for a
patient with A-fib
10.
