NUR631/ NUR 631 | Questions and Verified
Answers| 100% Correct| Test (New 2024/2025
Update) Graded A
Metabolic acidosis
low pH, low HCO3 (pH<7.35, HCO3<22)
lungs blow off CO2 to raise pH in order to compensate
decrease ability of kidneys to excrete acid or conserve base
Metabolic Acidosis s/s
HA, decreased BP, hyperkalemia, muscle twitching, warm, flushed skin, N/V/D, change in LOC
(confusion/increase drowsiness), Kussmaul respirations (compensatory hyperventilation),
metabolic acidosis causes
DKA, DM severe diarrhea, renal failure, shock, liver disease, sepsis
Respiratory acidosis
decrease pH, increase PCO2 (pH <7.35, PCO2 >45)
retention of CO2 by lungs
kidneys will return increase amount of HCO3 to increase pH in order to compensate
Respiratory acidosis s/s
hypoxia, hypoventilation, rapid, shallow breathing, decrease BP, skin/mucosa pale and cyanotic,
HA, Hyperkalemia, dysrhythmias from Hyperkalemia, drowsiness, disorientation, hyperreflexia,
muscle weakness,
Respiratory acidosis causes
respiratory depression, anesthesia, overdose, increase ICP, airway obstruction, PNA, COPD,
ARDS, PE, atelectasis
Respiratory Alkalosis
, pH increases, pCO2 decreases (pH>7.45, pCO2,35)
increase loss of CO2 from lungs
compensation: kidneys excrete increased amounts of HCO3 to lower pH
Respiratory alkalosis S/S
lethargy
lightheadedness
confusion
tachycardia
dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia
nausea
vomiting
epigastric pain
numbness and tingling of the extremities
hyperventilation (tachypnea)
Respiratory alkalosis causes
hyperventilation (anxiety, PE, fear), mechanical ventilation
metabolic alkolosis
increase in pH, increase in HCO3 (pH>7.45, HCO3>28)
decrease in acid, increase in base
Compensation: lungs retain CO2 to lower pH
metabolic alkalosis s/s
Drowsiness
Diziness
Nervousness
Confusion
↑HR
Answers| 100% Correct| Test (New 2024/2025
Update) Graded A
Metabolic acidosis
low pH, low HCO3 (pH<7.35, HCO3<22)
lungs blow off CO2 to raise pH in order to compensate
decrease ability of kidneys to excrete acid or conserve base
Metabolic Acidosis s/s
HA, decreased BP, hyperkalemia, muscle twitching, warm, flushed skin, N/V/D, change in LOC
(confusion/increase drowsiness), Kussmaul respirations (compensatory hyperventilation),
metabolic acidosis causes
DKA, DM severe diarrhea, renal failure, shock, liver disease, sepsis
Respiratory acidosis
decrease pH, increase PCO2 (pH <7.35, PCO2 >45)
retention of CO2 by lungs
kidneys will return increase amount of HCO3 to increase pH in order to compensate
Respiratory acidosis s/s
hypoxia, hypoventilation, rapid, shallow breathing, decrease BP, skin/mucosa pale and cyanotic,
HA, Hyperkalemia, dysrhythmias from Hyperkalemia, drowsiness, disorientation, hyperreflexia,
muscle weakness,
Respiratory acidosis causes
respiratory depression, anesthesia, overdose, increase ICP, airway obstruction, PNA, COPD,
ARDS, PE, atelectasis
Respiratory Alkalosis
, pH increases, pCO2 decreases (pH>7.45, pCO2,35)
increase loss of CO2 from lungs
compensation: kidneys excrete increased amounts of HCO3 to lower pH
Respiratory alkalosis S/S
lethargy
lightheadedness
confusion
tachycardia
dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia
nausea
vomiting
epigastric pain
numbness and tingling of the extremities
hyperventilation (tachypnea)
Respiratory alkalosis causes
hyperventilation (anxiety, PE, fear), mechanical ventilation
metabolic alkolosis
increase in pH, increase in HCO3 (pH>7.45, HCO3>28)
decrease in acid, increase in base
Compensation: lungs retain CO2 to lower pH
metabolic alkalosis s/s
Drowsiness
Diziness
Nervousness
Confusion
↑HR
