NUR631/ NUR 631 Cardiology-Questions and
Verified Answers| 100% Correct-
Obstruction is either arteries or veins, give an example of a reduced flow beyond obstruction
(downstream)?
Ischemia
3. Which statement is true regarding the streamlined nature of laminar blood flow?
A. Turbulent blood flow is a result of a vessel branching at a wide angle.
B. A thrill can be palpated when blood flows over a roughened intimal surface.
C. Blood contacting the intima moves more quickly than that in the center of the vessel.
D. A thrombus results when the blood in the middle of the vessel flows more quickly than
that in the outer layer.
A thrill can be palpated when blood flowers over a roughened intimal surface
4. What are the main causes of edema?
A. When the adjacent lymphatic system develops an impaired lymphatic flow or when the
capillaries themselves become more permeable and "leak" fluid into the cell
B. When the capillaries develop an impaired flow or when the lymphatic system becomes
more permeable and "leaks" fluid into the cell
C. When the capillary beds develop a decreased pressure, thereby promoting fluid "leaks"
into the interstitial fluid
D. When the lymphatic system fails to pick up excess fluid from the interstitial space
A. When the adjacent lymphatic system develops an impaired lymphatic flow or when the
capillaries themselves become more permeable and "leak" fluid into the cell
5. What is the specific terminology to describe the formation of a blood clot in a vein?
A. Ischemia
B. Phlebitis
,C. Thrombus
D. Thrombophlebitis
D. Thrombophlebitis
Thrombosis in the microcirculation throughout the body is called
A. Stroke
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Myocardial infarction (MI)
D. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
What are the upper acceptable values for cholesterol within the blood?
A. Total cholesterol level of 40 mg/dl, HDL of 200 mg/dl, and LDL of 160 mg/dl
B. Total cholesterol level of 40 mg/dl, HDL of 160 mg/dl, and LDL of 200 mg/dl
C. Total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl, HDL of 160 mg/dl, and LDL of 40 mg/dl
D. Total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl, HDL of 40 mg/dl, and LDL of 160 mg/dl
ANS: D = Total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl, HDL of 40 mg/dl, and LDL of 160 mg/dl
What does Endothelin-1 do?
(Inc BP) Important in BP control / potent vasoconstrictor
What kind of hypertension is attributed to a specific identifiable pathology or condition such
as ingestion of certain drugs, food or chemicals?
Secondary HTN
How does ANP decrease Blood pressure?
it causes the kidneys to increase sodium and water excretion by increasing the glomerular
filtration rate when sensing increase BP in the atrium.
Most common cause for childhood secondary HTN→ renal disease and coarctation of the
aorta (congenital defect)
, What are the two most common causes for secondary HTN in childhood?
renal disease and coarctation of the aorta (congenital disease)
What is Pheochromocytoma and what may be related to it in the heart?
It is a tumor of the adrenal medulla and may lead to secondary HTN
Renal artery stenosis causes what kind of HTN?
secondary
Extreme and rapidly developing HTN is divided into two groups: emergency, where there is
evidence of end-organ damage, and urgency where there is not.
What are the differences between emergency HTN and urgency HTN?
Emergency hypertension involved end organ damage where urgency does not
What is the leading cause of death in the United States?
Cardiac disease
What may be the causes of orthostatic hypotension?
adverse effects of drug therapy, problem with vasomotor or baroreceptor response, arterial
stiffness, volume depletion, vasovagal reaction, cardiac dysrhtymias and secondary disease
process.
How much does the BP and HR have to change for it to be considered orthostatic
hypotension?
BP has to drop by 20 mmHg or 10 within 3 minutes, HR >20-30 bpm
What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension?
Hyperaldosteronism
The role of the circulatory system is to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A. Transport O2 and nutrients throughout the body
Verified Answers| 100% Correct-
Obstruction is either arteries or veins, give an example of a reduced flow beyond obstruction
(downstream)?
Ischemia
3. Which statement is true regarding the streamlined nature of laminar blood flow?
A. Turbulent blood flow is a result of a vessel branching at a wide angle.
B. A thrill can be palpated when blood flows over a roughened intimal surface.
C. Blood contacting the intima moves more quickly than that in the center of the vessel.
D. A thrombus results when the blood in the middle of the vessel flows more quickly than
that in the outer layer.
A thrill can be palpated when blood flowers over a roughened intimal surface
4. What are the main causes of edema?
A. When the adjacent lymphatic system develops an impaired lymphatic flow or when the
capillaries themselves become more permeable and "leak" fluid into the cell
B. When the capillaries develop an impaired flow or when the lymphatic system becomes
more permeable and "leaks" fluid into the cell
C. When the capillary beds develop a decreased pressure, thereby promoting fluid "leaks"
into the interstitial fluid
D. When the lymphatic system fails to pick up excess fluid from the interstitial space
A. When the adjacent lymphatic system develops an impaired lymphatic flow or when the
capillaries themselves become more permeable and "leak" fluid into the cell
5. What is the specific terminology to describe the formation of a blood clot in a vein?
A. Ischemia
B. Phlebitis
,C. Thrombus
D. Thrombophlebitis
D. Thrombophlebitis
Thrombosis in the microcirculation throughout the body is called
A. Stroke
B. Atherosclerosis
C. Myocardial infarction (MI)
D. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
What are the upper acceptable values for cholesterol within the blood?
A. Total cholesterol level of 40 mg/dl, HDL of 200 mg/dl, and LDL of 160 mg/dl
B. Total cholesterol level of 40 mg/dl, HDL of 160 mg/dl, and LDL of 200 mg/dl
C. Total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl, HDL of 160 mg/dl, and LDL of 40 mg/dl
D. Total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl, HDL of 40 mg/dl, and LDL of 160 mg/dl
ANS: D = Total cholesterol level of 200 mg/dl, HDL of 40 mg/dl, and LDL of 160 mg/dl
What does Endothelin-1 do?
(Inc BP) Important in BP control / potent vasoconstrictor
What kind of hypertension is attributed to a specific identifiable pathology or condition such
as ingestion of certain drugs, food or chemicals?
Secondary HTN
How does ANP decrease Blood pressure?
it causes the kidneys to increase sodium and water excretion by increasing the glomerular
filtration rate when sensing increase BP in the atrium.
Most common cause for childhood secondary HTN→ renal disease and coarctation of the
aorta (congenital defect)
, What are the two most common causes for secondary HTN in childhood?
renal disease and coarctation of the aorta (congenital disease)
What is Pheochromocytoma and what may be related to it in the heart?
It is a tumor of the adrenal medulla and may lead to secondary HTN
Renal artery stenosis causes what kind of HTN?
secondary
Extreme and rapidly developing HTN is divided into two groups: emergency, where there is
evidence of end-organ damage, and urgency where there is not.
What are the differences between emergency HTN and urgency HTN?
Emergency hypertension involved end organ damage where urgency does not
What is the leading cause of death in the United States?
Cardiac disease
What may be the causes of orthostatic hypotension?
adverse effects of drug therapy, problem with vasomotor or baroreceptor response, arterial
stiffness, volume depletion, vasovagal reaction, cardiac dysrhtymias and secondary disease
process.
How much does the BP and HR have to change for it to be considered orthostatic
hypotension?
BP has to drop by 20 mmHg or 10 within 3 minutes, HR >20-30 bpm
What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension?
Hyperaldosteronism
The role of the circulatory system is to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A. Transport O2 and nutrients throughout the body
