ArcGIS Pro Associate Exam: Questions With Stepwise
Solutions
Discrete data Right Ans - Represents real-world features that have well
defined boundaries. A discrete feature is distinct from the other features
around it.
Example: A river is a discrete feature: there is a distinct place where you stop
being dry and begin getting wet.
Continuous data Right Ans - Represents real-world features that do not
have well-defined boundaries.
Examples: Elevation, temperature, rainfall.
There are no distinct places where the phenomena simply stop; values may
change abruptly, but the phenomena continue to be measured.
Hint: if it makes sense to take an average of the values, it is likely continuous
data
Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) Right Ans - Uses a spherical model to
identify points or areas on the surface of the earth. Each coordinate system is
commonly illustrated with a network of intersecting lines of latitude and
longitude called a graticule
Graticule Right Ans - a network of intersecting lines representing
meridians (longitude) and parallels (latitude), on which a map or plan can be
represented
Four components of a coordinate system Right Ans - Angular units of
measure
Prime meridian: Zero value for longitude
Spheroid: Mathematical model that estimates the size and shape of the Earth
Datum: A frame of reference for measuring locations on the surface of the
Earth. It defines the origin and orientation of latitude and longitude lines.
Why are there multiple spheroids in use for geographic coordinate systems?
Right Ans - The Earth's surface is not symmetrical, causing the semi major and
semi minor axes that work for one geographic region to not work for another
region
, Projected coordinate system Right Ans - A system that defines locations on
a flat map based on x,y coordinates
Projection types Right Ans - cylindrical, conic, azimuthal (planar)
Cylindrical projection Right Ans - a map created by projecting Earth's
image onto a cylinder. Meridians and parallels intersect at right angles, as they
do on the globe
Conic projection Right Ans - Created by setting a cone over a globe and
projecting light from the center of the globe onto the cone. In general,
distortion increases north and south of the standard parallel
Azimuthal/planar projection Right Ans - When projected on either of the
poles, longitude lines radiate outward from the pole at their true angle.
Latitude lines appear as a series of concentric circles. Most often used to map
the polar regions.
Most suitable projection for map areas that extend north-south Right Ans -
Cylindrical projection
Most suitable projection for map areas that extend east-west Right Ans -
Conic projection
Most suitable projection for map areas that have equal extent in all directions
Right Ans - Azimuthal/planar projection
Map properties Right Ans - Shape, area, distance, direction
A conformal projection preserves and distorts which properties? Right Ans
- Preserves shape, distorts area
An equal area projection preserves and distorts which properties? Right
Ans - Preserves area, distorts shape
An azimuthal/planar projection preserves and distorts which properties?
Right Ans - Preserves true scale between one or two points to every other
point on the map, or along every meridian. Distance is correct, but distortion
is constant
Solutions
Discrete data Right Ans - Represents real-world features that have well
defined boundaries. A discrete feature is distinct from the other features
around it.
Example: A river is a discrete feature: there is a distinct place where you stop
being dry and begin getting wet.
Continuous data Right Ans - Represents real-world features that do not
have well-defined boundaries.
Examples: Elevation, temperature, rainfall.
There are no distinct places where the phenomena simply stop; values may
change abruptly, but the phenomena continue to be measured.
Hint: if it makes sense to take an average of the values, it is likely continuous
data
Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) Right Ans - Uses a spherical model to
identify points or areas on the surface of the earth. Each coordinate system is
commonly illustrated with a network of intersecting lines of latitude and
longitude called a graticule
Graticule Right Ans - a network of intersecting lines representing
meridians (longitude) and parallels (latitude), on which a map or plan can be
represented
Four components of a coordinate system Right Ans - Angular units of
measure
Prime meridian: Zero value for longitude
Spheroid: Mathematical model that estimates the size and shape of the Earth
Datum: A frame of reference for measuring locations on the surface of the
Earth. It defines the origin and orientation of latitude and longitude lines.
Why are there multiple spheroids in use for geographic coordinate systems?
Right Ans - The Earth's surface is not symmetrical, causing the semi major and
semi minor axes that work for one geographic region to not work for another
region
, Projected coordinate system Right Ans - A system that defines locations on
a flat map based on x,y coordinates
Projection types Right Ans - cylindrical, conic, azimuthal (planar)
Cylindrical projection Right Ans - a map created by projecting Earth's
image onto a cylinder. Meridians and parallels intersect at right angles, as they
do on the globe
Conic projection Right Ans - Created by setting a cone over a globe and
projecting light from the center of the globe onto the cone. In general,
distortion increases north and south of the standard parallel
Azimuthal/planar projection Right Ans - When projected on either of the
poles, longitude lines radiate outward from the pole at their true angle.
Latitude lines appear as a series of concentric circles. Most often used to map
the polar regions.
Most suitable projection for map areas that extend north-south Right Ans -
Cylindrical projection
Most suitable projection for map areas that extend east-west Right Ans -
Conic projection
Most suitable projection for map areas that have equal extent in all directions
Right Ans - Azimuthal/planar projection
Map properties Right Ans - Shape, area, distance, direction
A conformal projection preserves and distorts which properties? Right Ans
- Preserves shape, distorts area
An equal area projection preserves and distorts which properties? Right
Ans - Preserves area, distorts shape
An azimuthal/planar projection preserves and distorts which properties?
Right Ans - Preserves true scale between one or two points to every other
point on the map, or along every meridian. Distance is correct, but distortion
is constant
