NCE: Purple Book UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions And CORRECT Answers
Freud's stages are psychosexual while Erik Erikson's stages are - CORRECT ANSWER -
psychosocial
In Freud's psychodynamic theory, instincts are emphasized. Erik Erikson is an ego psychologist.
Ego psychologists - CORRECT ANSWER - believe in man's powers of reasoning to
control behavior.
Psychodynamic theories focus on___________ __________ rather than cognitive factors when
counseling clients. - CORRECT ANSWER - unconcsious processes
The ___ is logical, rational, and utilizes the power of reasoning and control to keep impulses in
check. The reality principle. - CORRECT ANSWER - ego
The behaviorist generally feels that if it can't be __________ then it doesn't exist. - CORRECT
ANSWER - measured
The __ is chaotic and concerned only with the body, not with the outside world. This is the
pleasure principle and houses the animalistic instincts. - CORRECT ANSWER - id
The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life
span was - CORRECT ANSWER - Erik Erikson
The statement "the ego is dependent on the id" would most likely reflect the work of -
CORRECT ANSWER - Sigmund Freud
Known for his ideas related to adult cognitive development; especially regarding college
students. Stresses a concept known as dualistic thinking, common to teens in which things are
conceptualized as good or bad or right or wrong. - CORRECT ANSWER - Robert Perry
,Known for his work in strategic and problem-solving therapy, often utilizing the technique of
paradox. Claims to have acquired information by studying works of Milton H. Erickson. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Jay Haley
Considered a pioneer in the behavior therapy movement, especially in regard to the use of
systematic desensitization, a technique which helps client cope with phobias. Today his name is
associated with multimodal therapy. - CORRECT ANSWER - Arnold Lazarus
Known figure in the area of adult cognitive development. His model stresses interpersonal
development. His theory is billed as a "constructive model of development, meaning that
individuals construct reality through the lifespan." - CORRECT ANSWER - Robert
Keegan
Jean Piaget's idiographic approach created his theory with four stages. The correct order from
stage 1 to stage 4 is - CORRECT ANSWER - sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete
operations, formal operations
Idiographic approaches to theories, such as Freud and Piaget, examine _________ in depth. -
CORRECT ANSWER - individuals
In contrast to idiographic approaches, nomothetic approaches (such as behaviorism or the DSM)
student general principles that apply to - CORRECT ANSWER - the population
Some behavioral scientists have been critical of Swiss child psychologist Jean Piaget's
developmental research inasmuch as - CORRECT ANSWER - his findings were often
derived from observing his own children
A tall skinny pitcher of water is emptied into a small squatty pitcher. A child indicated that she
feels the small pitcher has less water. The child has not yet mastered - CORRECT
ANSWER - conservation
,In Piaget's theory, the term __________ refers to the notion that a substance's weight, mass, and
volume remain the same even if it changes shape. According to Piaget, the child masters this
concept during the concrete operations stage (7-11 years). - CORRECT ANSWER -
conservation
Conservation and counting belong in which Piaget stage? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Concrete Operations
In Piagetian literature, conservation would most likely refer to - CORRECT ANSWER -
volume or mass
__________ expanded on Piaget's conceptualization of moral development. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Lawrence Kohlberg
He disagreed with Piaget's notion that developmental stages take place naturally, insisting that
the stages unfold due to educational intervention. - CORRECT ANSWER - Lev Vygotsky
Perhaps the leading theorist in moral development. Used stories to determine the level of moral
development in children.. - CORRECT ANSWER - Lawrence Kohlberg
Father of American behaviorism and coined the term "behaviorism" in 1912. - CORRECT
ANSWER - John B. Watson
Kohlberg, Erikson, and Maslow's theories are said to be ________ in nature, meaning each stage
emerges from the one before it. - CORRECT ANSWER - epigenetic
According to Jean Piaget, a child masters the concept of reversibility in the third stage, known as
concrete operations or concrete operational thought. This notion suggests - CORRECT
ANSWER - one can undo an action, hence an object (say a glass of water) can return to its
initial shape
, During a thunderstorm, a 6-year-old child in Piaget's stage of preoperational thought (stage 2)
says, "The rain is following me." This is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER -
egocentrism
Lawrence Kohlberg suggested - CORRECT ANSWER - three levels of morality
The Heinz dilemma is to Kohlberg's theory as a typing test is to - CORRECT ANSWER -
the level of typing skill mastered
The term "identity crisis" comes from the work of - CORRECT ANSWER - Erikson
This term was coined by Abraham Maslow and popularized by learned helplessness syndrome
pioneer Martin Seligman. It refers to the study of human strengths, such as joy, wisdom,
altruism, the ability to love, happiness, and wisdom. - CORRECT ANSWER - positive
psychology
Kohlberg's three levels of morality are - CORRECT ANSWER - preconventional,
conventional, postconventional
In Kohlberg's levels of morality, this is the level where the child responds to consequences and
reward and punishment greatly influence the behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER -
preconventional
In Kohlberg's levels of morality, this is the level where the individual wants to meet the standards
of family, society, and even the nation. - CORRECT ANSWER - conventional
Kohlberg felt that many people never reach this level of morality, where the person is concerned
with universal, ethical principles of justice, dignity,and equality of human rights. - CORRECT
ANSWER - postconventional
Trust verses mistrust is - CORRECT ANSWER - Erikson's first stage of psychosocial
development
Exam Questions And CORRECT Answers
Freud's stages are psychosexual while Erik Erikson's stages are - CORRECT ANSWER -
psychosocial
In Freud's psychodynamic theory, instincts are emphasized. Erik Erikson is an ego psychologist.
Ego psychologists - CORRECT ANSWER - believe in man's powers of reasoning to
control behavior.
Psychodynamic theories focus on___________ __________ rather than cognitive factors when
counseling clients. - CORRECT ANSWER - unconcsious processes
The ___ is logical, rational, and utilizes the power of reasoning and control to keep impulses in
check. The reality principle. - CORRECT ANSWER - ego
The behaviorist generally feels that if it can't be __________ then it doesn't exist. - CORRECT
ANSWER - measured
The __ is chaotic and concerned only with the body, not with the outside world. This is the
pleasure principle and houses the animalistic instincts. - CORRECT ANSWER - id
The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life
span was - CORRECT ANSWER - Erik Erikson
The statement "the ego is dependent on the id" would most likely reflect the work of -
CORRECT ANSWER - Sigmund Freud
Known for his ideas related to adult cognitive development; especially regarding college
students. Stresses a concept known as dualistic thinking, common to teens in which things are
conceptualized as good or bad or right or wrong. - CORRECT ANSWER - Robert Perry
,Known for his work in strategic and problem-solving therapy, often utilizing the technique of
paradox. Claims to have acquired information by studying works of Milton H. Erickson. -
CORRECT ANSWER - Jay Haley
Considered a pioneer in the behavior therapy movement, especially in regard to the use of
systematic desensitization, a technique which helps client cope with phobias. Today his name is
associated with multimodal therapy. - CORRECT ANSWER - Arnold Lazarus
Known figure in the area of adult cognitive development. His model stresses interpersonal
development. His theory is billed as a "constructive model of development, meaning that
individuals construct reality through the lifespan." - CORRECT ANSWER - Robert
Keegan
Jean Piaget's idiographic approach created his theory with four stages. The correct order from
stage 1 to stage 4 is - CORRECT ANSWER - sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete
operations, formal operations
Idiographic approaches to theories, such as Freud and Piaget, examine _________ in depth. -
CORRECT ANSWER - individuals
In contrast to idiographic approaches, nomothetic approaches (such as behaviorism or the DSM)
student general principles that apply to - CORRECT ANSWER - the population
Some behavioral scientists have been critical of Swiss child psychologist Jean Piaget's
developmental research inasmuch as - CORRECT ANSWER - his findings were often
derived from observing his own children
A tall skinny pitcher of water is emptied into a small squatty pitcher. A child indicated that she
feels the small pitcher has less water. The child has not yet mastered - CORRECT
ANSWER - conservation
,In Piaget's theory, the term __________ refers to the notion that a substance's weight, mass, and
volume remain the same even if it changes shape. According to Piaget, the child masters this
concept during the concrete operations stage (7-11 years). - CORRECT ANSWER -
conservation
Conservation and counting belong in which Piaget stage? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Concrete Operations
In Piagetian literature, conservation would most likely refer to - CORRECT ANSWER -
volume or mass
__________ expanded on Piaget's conceptualization of moral development. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Lawrence Kohlberg
He disagreed with Piaget's notion that developmental stages take place naturally, insisting that
the stages unfold due to educational intervention. - CORRECT ANSWER - Lev Vygotsky
Perhaps the leading theorist in moral development. Used stories to determine the level of moral
development in children.. - CORRECT ANSWER - Lawrence Kohlberg
Father of American behaviorism and coined the term "behaviorism" in 1912. - CORRECT
ANSWER - John B. Watson
Kohlberg, Erikson, and Maslow's theories are said to be ________ in nature, meaning each stage
emerges from the one before it. - CORRECT ANSWER - epigenetic
According to Jean Piaget, a child masters the concept of reversibility in the third stage, known as
concrete operations or concrete operational thought. This notion suggests - CORRECT
ANSWER - one can undo an action, hence an object (say a glass of water) can return to its
initial shape
, During a thunderstorm, a 6-year-old child in Piaget's stage of preoperational thought (stage 2)
says, "The rain is following me." This is an example of - CORRECT ANSWER -
egocentrism
Lawrence Kohlberg suggested - CORRECT ANSWER - three levels of morality
The Heinz dilemma is to Kohlberg's theory as a typing test is to - CORRECT ANSWER -
the level of typing skill mastered
The term "identity crisis" comes from the work of - CORRECT ANSWER - Erikson
This term was coined by Abraham Maslow and popularized by learned helplessness syndrome
pioneer Martin Seligman. It refers to the study of human strengths, such as joy, wisdom,
altruism, the ability to love, happiness, and wisdom. - CORRECT ANSWER - positive
psychology
Kohlberg's three levels of morality are - CORRECT ANSWER - preconventional,
conventional, postconventional
In Kohlberg's levels of morality, this is the level where the child responds to consequences and
reward and punishment greatly influence the behavior. - CORRECT ANSWER -
preconventional
In Kohlberg's levels of morality, this is the level where the individual wants to meet the standards
of family, society, and even the nation. - CORRECT ANSWER - conventional
Kohlberg felt that many people never reach this level of morality, where the person is concerned
with universal, ethical principles of justice, dignity,and equality of human rights. - CORRECT
ANSWER - postconventional
Trust verses mistrust is - CORRECT ANSWER - Erikson's first stage of psychosocial
development
